Analyzing Hot-Mix Asphalt and Portland Cement Concrete Highway Construction Using Probabilistic Optimization for Profit

2009 ◽  
Vol 2098 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Shreenath Rao ◽  
Sofia M. Vidalis ◽  
Kelly Smith ◽  
Peter A. Kopac
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Highway Construction ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Probabilistic Optimization ◽  
For Profit

Assessment of Distress in Conventional Hot-Mix Asphalt and Asphalt–Rubber Overlays on Portland Cement Concrete Pavements

2005 ◽  
Vol 1929 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Rodezno ◽  
Kamil E. Kaloush ◽  
George B. Way
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
Design Guide

The purpose of this study is to assess the way distresses are predicted by using the new Mechanistic–Empirical Design of New and Rehabilitated Pavement Structures (design guide), developed under NCHRP Project 1–37A. Two pavement sections were used: a conventional hot-mix asphalt reconstruction and an asphalt–rubber overlay on a portland cement concrete (PCC) pavement. The design guide does not include rehabilitation design for asphalt–rubber overlays. However, many large-scale asphalt–rubber overlays on interstate highways in Arizona have been built and monitored for performance, providing an opportunity to determine to what degree the design guide can predict their performance. The input data for both types of pavements were derived from two different projects on the same highway, Interstate 40. The actual data measurements that summarize the pavement performance were compared with calculated values obtained by using the design guide. Three pavement performance parameters were evaluated on the basis of the available data: rutting, cracking, and international roughness index (IRI). Rutting was one of the distresses that the design guide predicted more accurately. The fatigue cracking prediction, evaluated with Level-3 data input, was not accurate; future analysis should consider calibrated fatigue models for the different mixtures. The predicted IRI results differed from the actual measured field performance because of inaccurate distress prediction. The Arizona experience using asphalt–rubber overlays to rehabilitate aged PCC pavements has been successful. For that reason, a calibration process that allows the use of the asphalt–rubber mixtures in the design guide should be considered in the future.

Development of a Capacitor Probe to Detect Subsurface Deterioration in Concrete

1997 ◽  
Vol 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Diefenderfer ◽  
I. L. Al-Qadi ◽  
J. J. Yoho ◽  
S. M. Riad ◽  
A. Loulizi
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Complex Dielectric Constant ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACTPortland cement concrete (PCC) structures deteriorate with age and need to be maintained or replaced. Early detection of deterioration in PCC (e.g., alkali-silica reaction, freeze/thaw damage, or chloride presence) can lead to significant reductions in maintenance costs. However, it is often too late to perform low-cost preventative maintenance by the time deterioration becomes evident. By developing techniques that would enable civil engineers to evaluate PCC structures and detect deterioration at early stages (without causing further damage), optimization of life-cycle costs of the constructed facility and minimization of disturbance to the facility users can be achieved.Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods are potentially one of the most useful techniques ever developed for assessing constructed facilities. They are noninvasive and can be performed rapidly. Portland cement concrete can be nondestructively evaluated by electrically characterizing its complex dielectric constant. The real part of the dielectric constant depicts the velocity of electromagnetic waves in PCC. The imaginary part, termed the “loss factor,” describes the conductivity of PCC and the attenuation of electromagnetic waves.Dielectric properties of PCC have been investigated in a laboratory setting using a parallel plate capacitor operating in the frequency range of 0.1 to 40.1MIHz. This capacitor set-up consists of two horizontal-parallel plates with an adjustable separation for insertion of a dielectric specimen (PCC). While useful in research, this approach is not practical for field implementation. A new capacitor probe has been developed which consists of two plates, located within the same horizontal plane, for placement upon the specimen to be tested. Preliminary results show that this technique is feasible and results are promising; further testing and evaluation is currently underway.

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