Impact of Emergency Vehicle Preemption on Signalized Corridor Operation: An Evaluation

2000 ◽  
Vol 1727 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Nelson ◽  
Darcy Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
East Side ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Emergency Vehicles ◽  
Arterial Traffic ◽  
The Impact

A case study that examines the impact of emergency vehicle preemption on closely spaced arterial traffic signals is reported. The study was conducted on State Route (SR) 26, a principal arterial and main thoroughfare that connects Interstate 65 with US-52 on the east side of Lafayette, Indiana. Four coordinated intersections along SR-26 were examined by using seven preemption paths and three different transition algorithms (smooth, add, and dwell). The number of preemption calls in the simulation period varied from one to three for equal simulation periods. The findings generally show that a single preemption call had a minimal effect on the overall travel time and delay through the network. The results also indicate that the smooth transitioning algorithm performed the best with most scenarios and paths for both the arterial and the side streets. When multiple emergency vehicles preempt at closely spaced time intervals, the impact of preemption was more severe. For the network studied, the most severe impact on arterial travel time observed was an increase in the average arterial travel time on the order of 20 to 30 s. The study focused on emergency vehicle preemption, but the general procedures described could also be applied to railroad preemption or transit priority.

scholarly journals Intelligent Recommendation module for more than one emergency vehicles node to destination node

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Younus Safar ◽  
Emad I. Abdul Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Incident ◽  
Emergency Vehicles ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Real City

Traffic congestion may impede the power of emergency vehicles to arrive at the site of a traffic incident or other catastrophe in a fast and true way. Id's may not be a short one, but it is the optimal path that leads to the scene without passing in con-gested streets. Streets may be congestion for a long time and lead to not reach emergency vehicles to the destination place while other emergency vehicles can reach to the same destination place in fast which is far from the destination with uncrowded streets. This makes the emergency vehicle to reach the destination in fast. In this paper, The proposed module rep-resented in a map to show the algorithm for more than one source nodes to the destination node. In addition, a case study of a real city in Baghdad has been used to evaluate the proposed module. The results show the proposed module ability to find the optimal path with 27 to 204 seconds to give a clear recommendation for which vehicle must be moved to the destination node.

scholarly journals Emergency ambulance speed characteristics: a case study of Lesser Poland voivodeship, southern Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Lupa ◽  
Monika Chuchro ◽  
Wojciech Sarlej ◽  
Katarzyna Adamek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
The Road ◽  
Emergency Ambulance ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
Correct Estimation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe correct estimation of ambulance travel time is an extremely important issue from the perspective of healthcare and the security of citizens. In some events, the threat to the health or life of an injured person increases with each minute of waiting for an ambulance. The authors of this article analyzed how ambulances travel throughout the entire Lesser Poland voivodeship in southern Poland. Based on the analysis of 300 million GPS records that were collected over several years from 300 ambulances, real ambulance speed characteristics were compiled for the most important cities in the region. The obtained results regarding ambulance speed characteristics were used to understand the correlation between ambulance speed, the density of the road network, and the built-up areas of a given city. Furthermore, the impact on the speed of ambulances of traffic, time of day, day of the week, or the season was also examined. The influence of the use of ambulances’ lights/sirens on travel time was also examined. The culmination of the research was the presentation of the theoretical foundations of coverage maps and a method of implementing them based on the determined speed characteristics. The presented studies show that the speed at which ambulances move is a very local phenomenon. Also, a relatively constant average speed of ambulances throughout the whole week was found. Moreover, a difference in speed between signaled and non-signaled ambulance trips was observed. The speed characteristics that were obtained were used as input data for the development of dynamic coverage maps, which are an invaluable tool for supporting the decisions of ambulance dispatchers.

Smart Traffic Light Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
A. Vinidha Roc ◽  
P. R. Banuprakash ◽  
G. Paul Asir Nixon Raj ◽  
L. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Signals ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Emergency Vehicles ◽  
Smart Traffic

Traffic signals are the most efficient way of controlling traffic in a busy junction. But, we can see that these signals fail to control the traffic effectively when a particular lane has got more traffic than the other lanes. The idea behind this project is to implement a system which would easily control the traffic and helps for the emergency vehicles to reach at their destination easily and quickly. In our project, a system of cameras are used to regulate traffic. They obtain information in their respective places and coordinate with other cameras in the system to change traffic signals and suggest green signal for that route to avoid maximum traffic. Emergency vehicle can be detected with the help of sound sensors placed in the junction, which coordinates with the microcontroller and makes the particular Lane free.

scholarly journals Development of Degree-of-Priority Based Control Strategy for Emergency Vehicle Preemption Operation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawen Wang ◽  
Wanjing Ma ◽  
Xiaoguang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Emergency Vehicles

This paper proposes a degree-of-priority based control strategy for emergency vehicle preemption operation to decrease the impacts of emergency vehicles on normal traffic. The proposed model features its effectiveness to the following three aspects: (1) a multilayer fuzzy model was established to determine the degree-of-priority based on emergency vehicle preemption demand intensity and preemption influence intensity; (2) for emergency vehicles with proper classification, a travel time estimation model for emergency traffic was formulated, an optimal emergency route determines model based on the level of priority of emergency events, and the emergency vehicle travel time was developed to minimize evacuation time as well as minimize the adverse impacts of preemption on normal traffic; and (3) a conditional traffic signals priority control method at each intersection of the evacuation route was built, so that traffic queue at each intersection can be cleared before the arrival of emergency vehicles. A simulation model based on field data was developed, and the performance of the proposed strategy was compared with the conventional local detection based method under the microscopic simulation model. The results validated the efficiency of the proposed strategy in terms of minimizing the delay of emergency vehicles and reducing adverse impacts on normal traffic.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal access to emergency medical services in Wuhan, China: accounting for scene and transport time intervals

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weicong Luo ◽  
Jing Yao ◽  
Richard Mitchell ◽  
Xiaoxiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Hospital Access ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Access as a primary indicator of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) efficiency has been widely studied over the last few decades. Most previous studies considered one-way trips, either getting ambulances to patients or transporting patients to hospitals. This research assesses spatiotemporal access to EMS at the shequ (the smallest administrative unit) level in Wuhan, China, attempting to fill a gap in literature by considering and comparing both trips in the evaluation of EMS access. Methods Two spatiotemporal access measures are adopted here: the proximity-based travel time obtained from online map services and the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E-2SFCA) which is a gravity-based model. First, the travel time is calculated for the two trips involved in one EMS journey: one is from the nearest EMS station to the scene (i.e. scene time interval (STI)) and the other is from the scene to the nearest hospital (i.e. transport time interval (TTI)). Then, the predicted travel time is incorporated into the E-2SFCA model to calculate the access measure considering the availability of the service provider as well as the population in need. For both access measures, the calculation is implemented for peak hours and off-peak hours. Results Both methods showed a marked decrease in EMS access during peak traffic hours, and differences in spatial patterns of ambulance and hospital access. About 73.9% of shequs can receive an ambulance or get to the nearest hospital within 10 min during off-peak periods, and this proportion decreases to about 45.5% for peak periods. Most shequs with good ambulance access but poor hospital access are in the south of the study area. In general, the central areas have better ambulance, hospital and overall access than peripheral areas, particularly during off-peak periods. Conclusions In addition to the impact of peak traffic periods on EMS access, we found that good ambulance access does not necessarily guarantee good hospital access nor the overall access, and vice versa.

scholarly journals The Impacts of Emergency Vehicle Signal Preemption on Urban Traffic Speed

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hualiang (Harry) Teng ◽  
Valerian Kwigizile ◽  
Gang Xie ◽  
Mohamed Kaseko ◽  
A. Reed Gibby
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Transition Time ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Emergency Vehicles ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

We used GPS data from paratransit vehicles to evaluate the impact of emergency vehicles on urban traffic speeds. The results indicate that speed variance is significantly higher during emergency preemption and the mean speeds of traffic flowing in the same direction as the emergency vehicle and on crossing streets are lower during preemption than during normal conditions. Regression results indicate that traffic on major arterials and traffic in the opposite direction of the emergency vehicle tend to have higher speed during signal preemption. Signal preemption during peak periods and duration of preemption had a significant negative impact on traffic speeds. Also, the transition time has a negative impact on traffic speeds. The authors recommend further research on how to optimize (minimize) the preemption duration as well as transition time. Also, the impact of median type and number of lanes should be evaluated.

scholarly journals Density-Based Traffic Control System for Emergency Vehicles using Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1217-1221
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Emergency Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Emergency Vehicles ◽  
Bearing Angle ◽  
Control Traffic

Fire brigade officers, health care personnel, police are often delayed due to traffic congestion, across major cities in India. Considering the predicament, Artificial Intelligence has the potential to enable us to solve such problems by adopting a number of unique perspectives and approaches, especially in this domain. The solution developed by us enables an emergency vehicle driver to select the route to reach the destination as quickly as possible. As cameras are deployed at most of the traffic signals today, especially in cities where traffic congestion is a major pain point, Video Analytics can be used for calculating vehicle count, which will be streamed and updated continually. We create effective algorithms to alter the time of the traffic signals based on this real-time vehicle count, the distance of the vehicle from the signal, the bearing angle made by the vehicle with the signal and also by making sure that the traffic congestion doesn’t increase exponentially and multiple emergency vehicles do not put the system in a deadlock. The loss of life due to accidents and the delay in getting the required treatment must be avoided. The designed system will automatically control traffic light intervals based on vehicle density. This solution will allow an emergency vehicle to reach its destination during emergencies, plying on the best possible route, in the most decongested traffic conditions, which will be facilitated by specifically developed algorithms. To save human life from accidents and unnecessary delays due to traffic congestion, is the main aim of our system.

EFFECT OF BUILDING ORIENTATION ON INDOOR MICROCLIMATE OF CLASSROOM BUILDINGS AT THE KADUNA STATE UNIVERSITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Markus Bulus
Keyword(s):  
Weather Data ◽  
State University ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
Building Orientation ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Current studies have discussed the significance of building orientation to the building indoor micro-climate and highlighted the need for more empirical research in other to establish the best orientation for buildings. Other scholars have argued that the impact of building orientation is insignificant and varies from one climatic region to another. This study, therefore, examines two prototype classroom buildings at the Kafanchan campus of Kaduna State University –Nigeria. The main purpose of the study is to determine the effect of building orientation on the indoor micro-climatic performance of two classroom buildings. Three Hobo Weather Data Loggers (HWDL) were used to collect data in the selected case-studies, and the third one was used as a benchmark. The study showed a remarkable difference in the indoor microclimatic conditions of the two buildings. The air temperature in case-study (B) is 1oC to 2oC lower than that of case-study (A) in all the respective time intervals. Also, 2% to 4% relative humidity difference was observed in favour of case-study (B). In conclusion, case-study (B) has demonstrated a more favourable indoor micro-climatic performance than case-study (A), and future simulation studies towards understanding the indoor micro-climatic performances of all possible building orientation options such as North-East/South-West, North-West/South-East, North/South and East/West in other to ascertain the optimum option are recommended. Keywords: Buildings; Indoor Micro-climatic; Orientation; Performance

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