scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE SEASON AND THE STAGE OF LACTATION ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF HOLSTEIN'S COW MILK IN TIARET, ALGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-872
Author(s):  
Amina Belkhemas ◽  
◽  
Abdellatif Niar ◽  
Mohamed Benahmed ◽  
Bouabdellah Benallou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Stage Of Lactation

scholarly journals Relationship between Temperament and Stage of Lactation, Productivity and Milk Composition of Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1840
Author(s):  
Ramūnas Antanaitis ◽  
Vida Juozaitienė ◽  
Vesta Jonike ◽  
Vytenis Čukauskas ◽  
Danguolė Urbšienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Performance

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between temperament and milk performance in cows at different stages of lactation, describing their productivity, metabolic status and resistance to mastitis. This study showed that with increasing lactation, cows’ temperament indicators decreased (p < 0.001) and they became calmer. The highest temperament score on a five-point scale was found in cows between 45 and 100 days of lactation. In the group of pregnant cows, we found more cows (p = 0.005) with a temperament score of 1–2 compared with non-pregnant cows A normal temperament was usually detected in cows with lactose levels in milk of 4.60% or more and when the somatic cell count (SCC) values in cow milk were <100,000/mL and 100,000–200,000/mL, with a milk fat-to-protein ratio of 1.2. A larger number of more sensitive and highly aggressive cows was detected at a low milk urea level. In contrast to a positive phenotypic correlation (p < 0.05), this study showed a negative genetic correlation between the temperament of cows and milk yield (p < 0.001). Positive genetic correlations between temperament scores and milk somatic cells (p < 0.001) and milk fat-to-protein ratio (p < 0.05) were found to indicate a lower genetic predisposition in cows with a calmer temperament to subclinical mastitis and ketosis. On the other hand, the heritability of temperament (h2 = 0.044–0.100) showed that only a small part of the phenotypic changes in this indicator is associated with genetic factors.

Biochemical characterization of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk lysozyme

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhadra Priyadarshini ◽  
Vinod K Kansal
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Mature Milk ◽  
Stage Of Lactation

Lysozyme, a low-molecular weight basic protein, is an important component of the antibacterial system in milk. Lysozyme activity is higher in buffalo milk (60±3·9×10−3 units/ml) than in bovine milk (29·1±1·5×10−3 units/ml). Buffalo colostrum contains five-times more lysozyme activity than mature milk (Priyadarshini & Kansal, 2002a). Lysozyme activity in buffalo milk is not influenced by the parity of animal or stage of lactation, but it increases during extreme weather (winter and summer). Lysozyme in buffalo milk is more stable than in cow milk during storage and heat treatment. A sharp increase in milk lysozyme has been observed in buffaloes with sub-clinical mastitis (Priyadarshini & Kansal, 2002a).

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF INTENSIVE RAISING OF AUSTRALIAN HOLSTEIN HEIFERS ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF COW MILK

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (38) ◽  
pp. 100-122
Author(s):  
Sergey Nikolaevich ZABASHTA
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
The Impact

Background: The study of growth, development and productivity features of imported cattle from Australia to the Krasnodar Territory is of great scientific and practical interest, which is topical. Since the productive features of the imported genotypes have not been studied sufficiently, not only in the farms of the Krasnodar Territory but also in other regions of Russia, they require further, more in-depth study and improvement under the new conditions of feeding and housing. Aim: The research aimed to study the influence of intensive rearing of replacement heifers of the Holstein breed of Australian selection on cow milk quality indicators. Methods: The studies were conducted at Artex-Agro LLC, Kushchevsky District of the Krasnodar Territory, concerning the descendants of the imported Australian Holstein cattle. Sixty-four heifers were selected for the study. The experimental replacement heifers were raised using the enhanced milk feeding rates and the Cellobacterin probiotic product. They were raised intensively and inseminated when they were 14 months old. The milk productivity of cows and the physicochemical properties of milk were studied during three lactations after calving. Results and Discussion: The milk productivity of the cows from the experimental groups has exceeded one of their herd mates from the control group by 450 – 1,360 kg. The best indicators of the physicochemical properties of milk have been determined in the milk of the cows raised from the heifers fed with 450 kg of the whole milk during the first 50 days until they were six months old. Conclusions: The authors believe that intensive rearing of replacement heifers positively affected the degree of development of their gastrointestinal tract and improved the level of milk yield and its physicochemical parameters.

scholarly journals Intramammary antibiotics in dairy goats : effect of stage of lactation, parity and milk volume on withdrawal periods, and the effect of treatment on milk compositional quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Karzis ◽  
E.F. Donkin ◽  
I.M. Petzer
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Withdrawal Period ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation

The length of the antibiotic withdrawal period after intramammary treatment was influenced by the milk yield of dairy goats during this trial. Shorter withdrawal periods were seen in relatively high yielding dairy goats (production above 1.5 ℓ per day) compared to low producers (less than 1.3 ℓ per day). High yielding goats treated with Curaclox LC (Norbrook [Pharmacia AH]) had a withdrawal period of 42 h, while low yielding goats, treated with the same product, had a withdrawal period of 74 h. The recommended withdrawal period for Curaclox LC for use in cattle is 72 h. Relatively high yielding goats treated with Rilexine 200 LC (Logos Agvet [Virbac]) had a significantly shorter withdrawal period (37 h) than that recommended for use in cattle (96 h). Low yielding goats treated with Spectrazol Milking Cow (Schering-Plough Animal Health) had a significantly longer (95 h) withdrawal period than that recommended for use in cattle (60 h). Withdrawal periods were also influenced by stage of lactation and parity. There was a moderate positive correlation between lactation number and withdrawal period, as measured by TRIS (R2 = 0.621), and a moderate negative correlation between stage of lactation and withdrawal period (R2 = -0.669). In Trials 1, 2 and 3 combined there was a moderate negative correlation between withdrawal period and volume (R2 = -0.511) and a strong positive correlation between withdrawal period and lactation number (R2 = 0.720). The differences in percentage milk fat, protein and lactose before, during and after treatment were not statistically significant except in Trial 3 (Curaclox LC and Rilexine 200 LC) where protein and lactose differed significantly. In Trial 2 (Spectrazol Milking Cow) milk fat percentages differed significantly between treatment and control groups as did protein percentages in Trial 3. These differences are however, not biologically meaningful.

scholarly journals Multi-breed herd approach to detect breed differences in composition and fatty acid profile of cow milk

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. Manuelian ◽  
M. Penasa ◽  
G. Visentin ◽  
A. Benedet ◽  
M. Cassandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Trans Fa

The objective of the present study was to estimate the effect of breed on milk fatty acid (FA) composition of dairy (Brown Swiss, Holstein-Friesian, and Jersey) and dual-purpose cows (Simmental and Alpine Grey) in multi-breed herds. Information on individual milk samples was collected during routine cow milk testing between 2011 and 2014, and consisted of 285 606 observations from 17 445 cows in 617 herds. Fixed effects included in the mixed model were breed, parity, stage of lactation and the interaction between parity and stage of lactation, and random effects were cow, herd-test-date and residual. Contrast estimates for the studied traits were used to compare specific sets of breeds. Holstein-Friesian produced more milk than the other cattle breeds, with the greatest trans FA and C18:1 and the lowest C18:0 content. Comparison between the specialised dairy vs the dual-purpose breeds highlighted significant differences for all traits except for polyunsaturated FA and trans FA content. Specialised dairy breeds had greater milk saturated FA, short-chain FA, medium-chain FA, C14:0 and C16:0 content, and dual-purpose breeds produced milk with greater content of monounsaturated FA, long-chain FA, C18:0 and C18:1. Results demonstrated that, although specialised dairy produced more milk than dual-purpose breeds, milk FA profile of the latter was more favourable from a human nutrition point of view.

Feasibility of manufacture and investigation of physicochemical properties of camel milk – based ice cream

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Afshin Jafarpour
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Camel Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proper Formulation ◽  
Sensory Tests

Ice cream is one of the most popular foods worldwide commonly made from cow milk. Camel milk is an invaluable foods component which is less frequently used in diets. The aim of this study was to provide a proper formulation for manufacture of ice cream using camel milk and investigate the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of camel milk – made ice cream. The results showed no significant difference between fat and protein contents however solid matters content viscosity and melting point of cow milk containing sample were higher than those of camel milk containing ice cream. Sensory tests also did not show any significant difference among samples. Thus manufacture and competition of an ice cream made from camel milk is feasible.    

scholarly journals The Concentration of Immunoglobulins A, G, and M in Cow Milk and Blood in Relation with Cow Seasonal Keeping and Pathogens Presence in the Udder

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Kociņa ◽  
Vita Antāne ◽  
Ivars Lūsis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
The Individual

The Concentration of Immunoglobulins A, G, and M in Cow Milk and Blood in Relation with Cow Seasonal Keeping and Pathogens Presence in the UdderRecent studies show that immunoglobulins A, G, and M contribute significantly to the maintenance of udder health. Unfortunately, the concentration of immunoglobulins in cow milk during the middle period of lactation is low therefore the question of how to stimulate and maintain a sufficient level and spectrum of antibodies in the udder is topical. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dynamics of the amount of immunoglobulins A, G, and M in cow milk and blood serum in relation with the cow seasonal keeping and presence of pathogens in the udder. The experimental part of the study was carried out on the dairy farm "Pērles", Valmiera region. Cows were kept in a cold loose housing system, grouped and fed differently depending on cow productivity and lactation period. Two times in the housing period and two times in the grazing period milk and blood were sampled from 16 dairy cows and examined for the concentration of immunoglobulins A, G, and M and for the presence of pathogens. Cows for the study were selected with the aim to analyze the milk obtained from clinically healthy udder quarters of cows of similar-age and productivity in the middle stage of lactation. It was determined that seasonal keeping of cows had significantly affected the concentration of immunoglobulins G and A in milk (p<0.001), and of immunoglobulins A, G, and M in blood serum (p<0.001). Some pathogenic bacteria species infecting the udder quarters had considerably influenced the values of immunoglobulins G, A, and M (p<0.05,p<0.001, andp<0.001, respectively) in blood serum. A wide variation amplitude of immunoglobulin G, A, and M concentration in milk and blood serum was observed, which indicates the important role of the individual factor of an animal in the formation of animal defence response.

scholarly journals Assessment of dairy cow energy status using milk fat, protein and urea concentrations

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Horea Samanc ◽  
Radisa Prodanovic
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Sample ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Physiological Values ◽  
The Individual

One of the ways to make an assessment of the energy status of cows in lactation is to consider the results obtained from the evaluation of the concentrations of organic milk components. The advantages of this method are that the taking of milk samples is not stressful for the cow and that it is also possible to use the results of milk examinations carried out by dairy plants within regular control. A bulk milk sample from all individual cows can be used, or an individual milk sample. In farms that have herds of unequal genetic potential, it is preferable to assess the energy status by analyzing the results for individual samples, because each animals is assessed individually in that way. Furthermore, the use of individual milk samples is recommended at newly-established farms in order to facilitate the establishment of reference values for the herd. The energy status of cows is assessed using the milk samples by analyzing fat, protein and urea concentrations and their mutual ratios. Fat and protein concentrations in cow milk vary depending on the breed, the diet, age, stage of lactation, and the season of the year. A fat content lower than the physiological values can be expected in cases of unfavourable diet of the cows during the period around calving or rumen acidosis, and it can be expected to be higher during ketotic conditions. A higher protein content in milk can be expected during a high-protein, and a lower one during a low-protein diet of the cows. The physiological concentration of urea in milk depends on nutritive factors, the season, age, stage of lactation, and body mass. Specifically, older cows, cows in advanced lactation, and cows in the summer period tend to have higher values for urea concentration in milk. Among nutritive factors, the most important is the ratio between energy and proteins in the cow feed ration. In cases when protein content in milk is optimal or above the recommended values but the energy supply is lower, the urea concentration increases to over the range of physiological values. In the event that the feed ration is deficient in both proteins and energy the urea content in milk drops. This work also presents a model for assessing the energy status in cows by analyzing the mutual ratios between the individual milk components (proteins and fat, or urea and proteins) in the individual milk samples. It is possible to determine the energy status of the animal on the basis of the ratio between proteins and fat, and the supply of the cow with proteins and energy on the basis of the ratio between urea and proteins.

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