Synthesis of Thermoresponsive SiO2Composite Modified by Nonionic Organosilicone Surfactant

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Xiumei Tai ◽  
Jinghong Ma ◽  
Zhiping Du ◽  
Wanxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organosilicone Surfactant

Foliar uptake of organosilicone surfactant oligomers into bean leaf in the presence and absence of glyphosate

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy A. Zabkiewicz ◽  
Peter J. G. Stevens ◽  
W. Alison Forster ◽  
Kevin D. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Uptake ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
Organosilicone Surfactant

Glyphosate Injury, Rainfastness, Absorption, and Translocation in Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus)

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanito V. Bariuan ◽  
Krishna N. Reddy ◽  
Gene D. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Study Activity ◽  
Organosilicone Surfactant

Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to study activity, rainfastness, absorption, and translocation of glyphosate with and without a nonionic organosilicone surfactant in purple nutsedge. Purple nutsedge responded differently to glyphosate depending on growth stage. Glyphosate at 2.24 kg ai/ha in 17-d-old and at 4.48 kg/ha in 10-wk-old plants controlled purple nutsedge at least 96%. Regrowth of plants and tuber resprouting were greatly reduced in these treatments. Organosilicone surfactant did not increase efficacy of glyphosate. A simulated rainfall of 2.5 cm (7.5 cm/h intensity) at 1 and 24 h after glyphosate application reduced efficacy by one-half and one-third, respectively, compared with no simulated rainfall. A rain-free period of 72 h prevented loss of glyphosate activity. Absorption of14C-glyphosate increased from 2.8% at 1 h after application to 21.4% at 168 h after application and translocation increased from 0.43% at 1 h after application to 5.18% at 168 h after application. Organosilicone surfactant did not affect absorption and translocation of glyphosate in purple nutsedge.

scholarly journals Surfactants Increase Toxicity of Glyphosate and 2,4-D to Brazil Pusley

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiv D. Sharma ◽  
M. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Marginal Effects ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Treatment Application ◽  
Organosilicone Surfactant

Various combinations of glyphosate and 2,4-D (± surfactant) were evaluated for control of Brazil pusley [Richardia brasiliensis (Moq.) Gomez]. Typical 2,4-D symptoms on plants were manifested within 2 to 3 days after treatment. Application of glyphosate alone had only marginal effects (14%) on Brazil pusley, but the addition of Induce® (nonionic surfactant) significantly increased control to 83% and reduced the fresh weight by 68%. Application of Landmaster®II or a tank-mix of glyphosate + 2,4-D (± surfactants) resulted in 96% to 100% control. Treatment with 2,4-D alone, or with Induce®, or L-77® (organosilicone surfactant) resulted in 84%, 90%, or 100% control, respectively. Very low fresh weights of Brazil pusley were recorded when 2,4-D +Induce® or L-77®, Landmaster®II (± surfactants), or the tank-mix (± surfactants) were applied. In the regrowth studies, shoot weight was greater following application of glyphosate with or without L-77® or Kinetic® (a blend of nonionic and organosilicone) than following other treatments. The fresh weight of the shoots in the regrowth study, recorded following the application of 2,4-D or Landmaster®II (± surfactants), was very low except when Kinetic® was added to Landmaster®II. No regrowth of shoots occurred following the tank-mix treatment. Similar observations were recorded for roots. Plants treated with 2,4-D did not regrow. The presence of 2,4-D in either formulation accelerated synergistic effect of the glyphosate to the target site. Therefore, 2,4-D could be used either as a component of a formulation or in a tank-mix with glyphosate to control Brazil pusley. Chemical names used: N-(phosphonomethyl glycine) (glyphosate); 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D).

scholarly journals Influence of sugars on the foliar uptake of bentazone and glyphosate

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.Q. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Foliar Uptake ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Organosilicone Surfactant ◽  
Ethylene Oxide Content

The effect of sugars on the uptake of bentazone and glyphosate into bean (Vicia faba) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) foliage was studied The addition of 05 glucose or sucrose significantly increased the uptake of bentazone into bean and wheat leaves This effect was also observed in the presence of a surfactant especially in wheat Glucose and sucrose also improved the uptake of glyphosate into wheat leaves especially in combination with surfactants of low ethylene oxide content When used at 2 concentration both sugars completely overcame the antagonistic effect of an organosilicone surfactant (Silwet L77) on glyphosate uptake into wheat leaves The results are discussed in relation to the solute dose on the leaf surface as influenced by surfactants and sugars

Effect of Oil Adjuvants and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Efficacy of Imazethapyr Applied at Conventional and Ultralow Spray Volumes

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene D. Wills ◽  
James E. Hanks ◽  
Elizabeth J. Jones ◽  
Robert E. Mack
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Phosphate Esters ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Organosilicone Surfactant

Field experiments evaluated pitted morningglory, velvetleaf, and barnyardgrass control in soybean with imazethapyr applied alone and with either crop oil concentrate at 1.0% v/v, a blend of methylated seed oil and organosilicone surfactant, or a blend of methylated seed oil, phosphate esters, and organosilicone surfactant at 0.5% v/v, each with and without a 28% N mixture of urea and ammonium nitrate (URAN) applied at 2.3 L/ha. Treatments were applied at spray volumes of 94 and 9.4 L/ha. Control of each species was often increased with the addition of both oil adjuvants and URAN. The blend of methylated seed oil, phosphate esters, and organosilicone surfactant and the blend of methylated seed oil and organosilicone surfactant were each more effective than crop oil concentrate on pitted morningglory and barnyardgrass, while each oil adjuvant was similar on velvetleaf. The URAN effectively increased imazethapyr control of all species. Control of all species was similar at the spray volume of 9.4 L/ha and at 94 L/ha.

Influence of Adjuvants and Formulation on Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) Control with Propanil in Rice (Oryza sativa)

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Ann B. Burns ◽  
C. Jeff Barnes ◽  
Wayne Barnett ◽  
J. Kelly Herrick
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Emulsifiable Concentrate ◽  
Rice Yields ◽  
Organosilicone Surfactant

Experiments were conducted to compare barnyardgrass control and rice injury and yield with emulsifiable concentrate and dry flowable formulations of propanil as single or repeat applications with crop oil concentrate, methylated seed oil, a blend of organosilicone surfactant and methylated seed oil or conventional nonionic surfactant, and organosilicone surfactant. Two applications of propanil were more effective in controlling barnyardgrass than a single application. The emulsifiable concentrate formulation of propanil controlled barnyardgrass more effectively than the dry flowable formulation in some but not all experiments. Differences in barnyardgrass control with propanil as influenced by adjuvants were minor and inconsistent. The most consistent barnyardgrass control and the highest rice yields were obtained with repeat applications of the emulsifiable concentrate formulation of propanil.

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