Montesquieu and Penal Law Reform in England

1937 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-515
Author(s):  
Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Law Reform ◽  
Penal Law

Who is to Accomplish Criminal Law Reform: The Interrelationship between Parliament and the Judiciary

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval Levy
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Legislative Branch ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Western Democracies

Who ought to bring about the essential reform in criminal law? At first glance, the answer appears obvious and unequivocal. In all modern Western democracies, the norm is for the function of lawmaking to be in the hands of the legislative branch of government, to the exclusion of the judiciary or any other organ inside or outside government.The question posed above, however, is meant to explore a different issue, namely, the interrelationship between parliament and the judiciary in the province of criminal law reform, and their respective functions in effecting new policies. Assuming the task of legislation to be reserved to parliament, is there no room for judges to read into parliamentary enactments trend-making reformative content which would allow the implementation of what judges conceive to be the policies of the legislature in the field of penal law reform? Or is it, rather, incumbent upon the legislature itself to shape the character of the necessary reform with the statutory tools available to it?

The Position of Aliens in National Socialist Penal Law Reform

1935 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-218
Author(s):  
Lawrence Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Law Reform ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Recent Activity ◽  
Political Crime

The draconic character of German National Socialist legislation on political crime has been brought forcibly to public attention by the recent activity of the People’s Court (Volksgericht), which was established last year for the purpose of assuring a more effective repression of treason and espionage. The subject is one of international concern, since the court has jurisdiction over aliens for acts committed abroad as well as upon German territory, and applies a law which is almost unparalleled at the present time in its severity and comprehensiveness. The safeguards commonly deemed essential to the protection of the accused are absent from the proceedings of the Volksgericht, which are secret as to indictment, investigation and trial.

Historicising “Law” as a Language of Progress and Its Anomalies: The Case of Penal Law Reforms in Colonial India

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 213-240
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahabuddin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Darwinism ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Racial Hierarchy ◽  
Cultural Hierarchy ◽  
Reform Project ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
Evolutionary Science

AbstractThis paper dispels the myth of liberal Enlightenment in relation to penal law reforms in colonial India by advancing two sets of argument. First, the liberal project of codification on the basis of universalist notion of utilitarianism never broke with cultural hierarchy inbuilt in the very act of colonisation. In this paper, I specifically look into the emerging phenomenon of evolutionary science in the nineteenth century – social Darwinism – to explain the dominant normative, as opposed to realist, justification of such racial hierarchy in colonial discourses since the nineteenth century. Second, using Dipesh Chakrabarty’s theoretical framework, I provincialise the penal law reform project in colonial India through the examination of literature in the field, and substantiate how the notion of utilitarian universality remained vague and unpromising in face of instrumental needs on ground – both in the colony and in the metropolis. Taken together, these propositions dispel the myth of the liberal project of penal law reforms in colonial India based on this universalist position and underscore the fallacies of the transition narrative of modernity itself.

scholarly journals Historicising “Law” as a Language of Progress and Its Anomalies: The Case of Penal Law Reforms in Colonial India

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahabuddin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Social Darwinism ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Racial Hierarchy ◽  
Cultural Hierarchy ◽  
Reform Project ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
Evolutionary Science

AbstractThis paper dispels the myth of liberal Enlightenment in relation to penal law reforms in colonial India by advancing two sets of argument. First, the liberal project of codification on the basis of universalist notion of utilitarianism never broke with cultural hierarchy inbuilt in the very act of colonisation. In this paper, I specifically look into the emerging phenomenon of evolutionary science in the nineteenth century – social Darwinism – to explain the dominant normative, as opposed to realist, justification of such racial hierarchy in colonial discourses since the nineteenth century. Second, using Dipesh Chakrabarty’s theoretical framework, I provincialise the penal law reform project in colonial India through the examination of literature in the field, and substantiate how the notion of utilitarian universality remained vague and unpromising in face of instrumental needs on ground – both in the colony and in the metropolis. Taken together, these propositions dispel the myth of the liberal project of penal law reforms in colonial India based on this universalist position and underscore the fallacies of the transition narrative of modernity itself.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Pada Korban Tindak Pidana Lingkungan Hidup Melalui Mediasi Penal Dalam Perspektif Pembaruan Hukum Pidana

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Subaidah Ratna Juita ◽  
Doddy Kridasaksana ◽  
Ani Triwati
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Real Form ◽  
Penal Reform ◽  
Penal Law

<p>Dalam sistem peradilan pidana untuk mengupayakan adanya mediasi penal. dilatar belakangi pemikiran yang dikaitkan dengan ide-ide pembaruan hukum pidana (<em>penal reform</em>). Latar belakang dilakukannya pembaruan hukum pidana itu antara lain didasarkan pada ide perlindungan pada korban tindak pidana. Bagi korban dan calon korban pencemaran dan/atau perusakan lingkungan yang diperlukan adalah adanya perangkat hukum yang memberikan jaminan perlindungan. Adapun permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah berkaitan dengan aspek perlindungan hukum pada korban tindak pidana lingkungan hidup melalui alternatif penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di luar pengadilan, yakni melalui mediasi penal dalam perspektif pembaruan hukum pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, yaitu dengan mengkaji  atau  menganalisis  data  sekunder  yang  berupa  bahan-bahan  hukum primer, dengan  memahami  hukum  sebagai  perangkat  peraturan  atau  norma- norma positif di dalam sistem perundang-undangan yang mengatur mengenai korban tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa perlunya alternatif penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana lingkungan hidup di luar pengadilan, sebagai wujud konkret perlindungan hukum pada korban tindak pidana lingkungan hidup. Hal ini berarti dalam perspektif  pembaruan hukum pidana perlu dilakukan revisi yang berkaitan dengan perumusan Pasal 85 ayat (2) Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, yang seyogyanya juga dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar hukum bagi penyelesaian TPLH di luar pengadilan.</p><p><em>In the criminal justice system to seek penal mediation. based on thoughts associated with ideas of reform of penal law (penal reform). The background of the criminal law reform is based on the idea of protection for victims of crime. For the victims and potential victims of pollution and / or environmental damage required is the existence of a legal device that provides protection coverage. The problem in this research is related to the aspect of legal protection to the victim of environmental crime through alternative of environmental crime case settlement outside court, that is through penal mediation in perspective of criminal law renewal.<strong> </strong>The research method used in this study is normative juridical, that is by reviewing or analyzing secondary data in the form of main legal material, by understanding the law as a set of rules or norms positive in the legislation system that regulates the victims of environmental crime life. The results show that the need for alternative settlement of environmental crime cases outside the court, as a real form of legal protection for victims of environmental crime. This means that in the perspective of reform of the criminal law, it is necessary to revise the formulation of Article 85 paragraph (2) of Law no. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, which should also be the legal basis for the settlement of TPLH out of court.</em></p>

Aspects of Law Reform

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Straw
Keyword(s):  
Law Reform
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