Effect of irrigation withdrawals on stage of Lake Washington, Mississippi

The Lacey V. Murrow Bridge (LVM Bridge) is a 2013-m-long floating bridge on Interstate 90 across Lake Washington in Seattle, Washington. Single-support-bar, swivel-joist modular bridge expansion joint systems are located at each end of the bridge between the shore approach spans and the floating pontoons. These joints were designed for 960 mm of longitudinal movement as well as horizontal and vertical rotations caused by wind, wave, temperature, and changes in lake level elevation. A similar joint in an adjacent floating bridge had experienced premature fatigue cracking at welded attachment details because of low fatigue strength. For the LVM Bridge the joint components were fatigue tested and designed by using fatigue limit-states loads, resulting in welded attachment details with improved fatigue strength. In addition, a stiffer center beam and reduced center-beam span lengths produced lower fatigue stress ranges. Joint movements and rotations, fatigue design methodology, results of dynamic analyses, field measurements of the dynamic response, and construction details are described. The total cost of the LVM joints was 1 percent of the final bridge cost. The Washington State Department of Transportation required a 5-year guarantee for the LVM joints. These are the largest modular bridge expansion joints in the United States to be tested and designed for fatigue.

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EXPANDED AND REVISED TEPHROCHRONOLOGY FOR THE 220,000-YEAR RECORD FROM CARP LAKE, WASHINGTON, USA

10.1130/abs/2017se-290740 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jared W. Rose ◽

◽

Stephen C. Kuehn

Keyword(s):

Lake Washington

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The abundance and biological activity of manganese-oxidizing bacteria and Metallogenium-like morphotypes in Lake Washington, USA

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02334.x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 21-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

J.S. Maki ◽

B.M. Tebo ◽

F.E. Palmer ◽

K.H. Nealson ◽

J.T. Staley

Keyword(s):

Biological Activity ◽

Lake Washington

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Horizontal and vertical movements of telemetered rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Lake Washington

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z95-017 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 146-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Eric J. Warner ◽

Thomas P. Quinn

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Average Velocity ◽

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Depth Distribution ◽

Prey Species ◽

Nearshore Zone ◽

Vertical Movements ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Lake Washington

In summer and fall 1989, six rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were tracked in Lake Washington with ultrasonic transmitters for a total of 349 h to determine their movements in relation to the distribution of possible prey species. The trout moved primarily in the nearshore area at an average velocity of 12.4 cm/s (~ 0.25–0.3 body lengths/s). Five of the six fish made one more rapid (>1 body lengths/s) excursion across the lake, then continued moving in the nearshore zone. The trout were generally inactive, staying close (<50 m) to shore at night, and became more active near dawn; however, the highest average velocities were at dusk. They spent over 90% of their time in the top 3 m of the water column and 10% in brief (2 min), shallow (mean 6.6 m) dives. Dives occurred most frequently at dawn and during the day (0.8/h), less often near dusk (0.5/h), and seldom at night (0.1/h). The depth distribution and movement patterns suggest that the trout were feeding on Daphnia pulicaria during the day, in both nearshore and offshore areas, supplementing this diet with nearshore fishes such as prickly sculpins (Cottus asper). Predation on pelagic planktivores (longfin smelt, Spirinchus thaleichthyes, and juvenile sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka) was unlikely because the trout were primarily found nearshore and near the surface, whereas the planktivores are primarily offshore and closer to the bottom.

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Utility of Environmental Primers Targeting Ancient Enzymes: Methylotroph Detection in Lake Washington

Microbial Ecology ◽

10.1007/s00248-004-0212-6 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 463-472 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

M.G. Kalyuzhnaya ◽

M.E. Lidstrom ◽

L. Chistoserdova

Keyword(s):

Lake Washington

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The Lake Washington Canal, The Boy's Endorsement, and more

Scientific American ◽

10.1038/scientificamerican01291910-103 ◽

1910 ◽

Vol 102 (5) ◽

pp. 103-103

Keyword(s):

Lake Washington

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Post-Pollution: Characterizing Ecological Recovery in a Historically Nutrient Enriched Lake.

Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings ◽

10.24908/iqurcp.8874 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Iain MacKenzie

Keyword(s):

Washington State ◽

Septic System ◽

Algal Communities ◽

System A ◽

Chemical Measurements ◽

Healthy State ◽

Lake Bottom ◽

Lake Washington ◽

Lake Bottom Sediment ◽

Reconstructive Techniques

An iconic story of recovery from nutrient pollution is the restoration of the heavily enriched Lake Washington in Seattle, Washington State. Originally an integral part of the municipal septic system, a diversion of wastewater in 1968 has allowed Lake Washington to return to what has been recently described as a natural and healthy state. Yet is it accurate to characterize a lake as “recovered” based purely on chemical measurements? Does a legacy of pollution linger on in the ecology of a lake system long after the lake has been given a clean bill of health?Using paleolimological reconstructive techniques it is possible to compare pre-pollution and post-pollution communities of algae by looking at microfossils stored chronologically in the lake-bottom sediment. Use of this technique has afforded a test of the assumption that once pollution stress in a lake is alleviated, the algal communities quickly return to the pre-pollution state. Work on Lake Washington indicates that this does not always hold true. Instead, it suggests that a legacy of pollution persists in the algae and ecological community of the lake long after the nutrient levels have returned to normal.

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