Analysis of stream-aquifer system interrelationships in the Big Blue and Little Blue River basins in Gage and Jefferson Counties, Nebraska

1981 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Basins ◽  
Aquifer System

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL, LITHOLOGICAL AND PETROPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE RECÔNCAVO AQUIFER SYSTEM IN THE CAPIVARA RIVER BASIN, BAHIA STATE, BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Susana Silva Cavalcanti ◽  
Olivar Antônio Lima De Lima
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Structural Configuration ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Vertical Electrical Soundings ◽  
Geophysical Logs ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Regional Aquifer

ABSTRACT. The hydrogeophysical features of the Recôncavo aquifer system in the area of the Capivara Grande and Capivara Pequena rivers, in Camac¸ari and Dias D’Ávila counties were studied through the analysis of 64 Schlumberger vertical electrical soundings expanded to AB/2 spacing of 1.000 m. This characterization was also supported by the analysis of lithologic logs of 29 water exploration wells, 14 of which have available geophysical logs. The results were useful to outline the structural configuration of the regional aquifer system in the area, from the surface up to 450 m in depth. The multi-confined component is the dominant portion of the system with the main storage being within S˜ao Sebasti˜ao sandstone bodies. The aquifer substratum is mostly represented by a thick shale sequence inter-layered with siltstones and fine shaly sandstones, referred by Lima (1999) as the Upper Shaly Sequence (SAS). The geometry of the aquifer system is basically controlled by normal faults oriented NNE and WSW, that transect the S˜ao Sebasti˜ao Formation in the area. A large undulated synclinal was recognized between Salvador Fault and the western water divide of Capivara Grande and Capivara Pequena river basins. The central zone of this structure, where the aquifer substratum is deeper, corresponds to the Capivara Grande river valley.Keywords: Recôncavo aquifer system, vertical electrical soundings, geophysical logs, São Sebastião Formation. RESUMO. As características hidrogeofísicas do sistema aquífero Recôncavo na área das bacias dos rios Capivara Grande e Capivara Pequena – municípios de Camaçari e Dias D’Ávila, Região Metropolitana de Salvador – Bahia, foram estudadas através da execução e interpretação de 64 sondagens elétricas verticais realizadas com arranjo Schlumberger com até 2.000 m de separação entre eletrodos de corrente. Foram usados também perfis geológicos de 29 poços exploratórios de água, além de perfis geofísicos de 14 deles. Os resultados permitiram delinear a configuração estrutural do sistema aquífero regional, desde a superfície até 450 m de profundidade. O componente multi-confinado constitui a maior parte do sistema na área estudada, com o principal armazenamento ocorrendo nos arenitos da Formação São Sebastião. Na maior parte, a base desse sistema é representada por espessos pacotes de folhelhos, intercalados com siltitos e arenitos argilosos finos, que constituem a Sequência Argilosa Superior (SAS) proposta por Lima (1999). A geometria do conjunto aquífero é basicamente controlada por sistemas de falhamentos gravitacionais de direções NNE e WSW que seccionam toda a Formação São Sebastião na área. Distingue-se uma ampla calha sinclinal ondulada entre a linha da Falha de Salvador e o divisor ocidental das bacias dos rios Capivara Grande e Capivara Pequena. A zona central mais profunda do aquífero corresponde ao vale do rio Capivara Grande.Palavras-chave: sistema aquífero Recôncavo, sondagens elétricas verticais, perfis geofísicos, Formação São Sebastião.

scholarly journals Mapped Fractures and Sinkholes in the Coastal Plain of Florida and Georgia to Infer Environmental Impacts from Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) and Supply Wells in the Regional Karst Floridan Aquifer System

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Xu ◽  
Sergio Bernardes ◽  
Sydney T. Bacchus ◽  
Marguerite Madden
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Dougherty County ◽  
Regional Aquifer

The regional Floridan aquifer system (FAS) extends from the submerged carbonate platform of the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Straits of Florida in the southeastern United States (US), throughout Florida and the coastal plain of Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. This carbonate aquifer system is characterized by bedding planes, fractures, dissolution cavities, and other karst features that result in preferential flow of ground water, particularly in response to anthropogenic perturbations such as groundwater withdrawals and aquifer injections. The FAS was divided into six sub-regions for groundwater-modeling purposes in 1989, with results concluding that breaches of those groundwater divides had occurred and those breaches were attributed to large withdrawals of ground water in the US southeastern coastal plain. Those results suggest the model did not elucidate preferential flow conditions through fractures and other karst conduits. We hypothesized that incorporating fractures and sinkholes into groundwater models could improve results and predict adverse impacts to environmentally sensitive areas. We analyzed extensive fracture networks and sinkholes previously mapped throughout Florida and in Dougherty County, Georgia. Some of those fractures extend from one sub-region into an adjacent sub-region of the FAS and may be facilitating the breaching of groundwater divides described in the 1989 groundwater model for this regional aquifer system. The greater total fractures and fracture density in Dougherty County (1,225 and 141.3/100 km2, respectively) compared to 21 north-Florida counties (10-91fractures per county and 0.6-3.8/100 km2, respectively) presumably is due to the scale of fracture mapping and shorter mean lengths of mapped fractures in Dougherty County (1.2 km), compared to north Florida counties (26-118 km), rather than to orders of magnitude increases in fracture densities in that part of the FAS. The number of sinkholes identified in Dougherty County in a recent, unrelated project using 2011 Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images, was approximately an order of magnitude greater than the number of sinkholes mapped in analog form in that county and published in 1986. Extension of the dense network of those fractures that occurred within the boundaries of a Priority Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Area (PARCA) that encompassed Dougherty County covered the Elmodel Wildlife Management Area (WMA) and ASR demonstration well in Baker County, Georgia. Those extensions also passed through numerous agricultural areas with center-pivot irrigation wells in southwest Georgia; intersected other Georgia PARCAs near the Florida-Georgia state line; and clumped in two areas of dense sinkhole clusters in northwest Florida. No determination has been made regarding the contributions of pirated water from the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River Basins and Wakulla Springshed from the magnitude and extent of agricultural, municipal, and industrial groundwater withdrawals in Georgia’s coastal plain, that exceed groundwater withdrawals in Florida for that area of the FAS, to the increase in sinkholes in Dougherty County and the dense clusters of sinkholes in northwest Florida, via preferential flow through fractures. Similarly, the survival and recovery of at least 24 animal species in Georgia that are either federally listed or high-priority state species may be jeopardized by adverse direct, indirect, and cumulative impacts from preferential flow through fractures, sinkholes, and other karst conduits in response to aquifer injections and withdrawals that have not been evaluated. Currently no regional groundwater model has been constructed to evaluate such preferential groundwater flow in the FAS. A model incorporating preferential flow via mapped fractures and sinkholes is essential to determine the magnitude and extent of environmental impacts from ASR wells and other supply and disposal wells in this regional aquifer system, such as pirated water from the ACF and other river basins, alterations in submarine groundwater discharge to Apalachicola Bay and other coastal areas, saltwater intrusion, upconing of saline ground water and resulting impacts to federally endangered and threatened species and high-priority state species.

Hydrogeological and isotopic study of the multi-aquifer system of the Sibari Plain (Calabria, Southern Italy)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Vespasiano ◽  
Carmine Apollaro ◽  
Luigi Marini ◽  
Rocco Dominici ◽  
Giuseppe Cianflone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Isotopic Study ◽  
Aquifer System

MODERN HYDROGRAPHIC AND WATER MANAGEMENT ZONING OF UKRAINE’S TERRITORY – IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WFD-2000/60/EC

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.K. Khilchevskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basins ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Main Function ◽  
River Basin Management Plans ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Sea Coast

In contrast to the hydrological and hydrochemical zoning, hydrographic and water management zoning of Ukraine (2016) was created on a basin basis, taking into account the boundaries of river basins, and not physiographic zoning. The main function of hydrographic and water management zoning is water management. Primary is hydrographic zoning, and water management - based on it. The description of modern hydrographic zoning of the territory of Ukraine, approved in 2016 by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and included in the Water Code of Ukraine is given. Hydrographic zoning is carried out for the development and implementation of river basin management plans. On the territory of Ukraine nine areas of river basins are allocated: Dnipro; Dnister; Danube; Southern Bug; Don; Vistula; rivers of the Crimea; rivers of the Black Sea coast; rivers of the Azov Sea coast 13 sub-basins are allocated in four river basins district. The water management zoning is described - the division of hydrographic units into water management areas, which is carried out for the development of water management balances. In the regions of the river basins in the territory of Ukraine allocated 132 water management areas, 59 of which are located in the Dnipro basin. About 9,000 bodies of surface water allocated for monitoring in Ukraine. Approved zoning is the implementation of the provisions of the EU Water Framework Directive 2000/60 / EC in the management of water resources in Ukraine. Modern hydrographic and water management zoning of the territory of Ukraine approximates the management of water resources of the state to European requirements.

The concept of local explosion in freshwater ecosystems

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
I. V. Gryb
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Living Matter ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Average Temperature

The concept of an explosion in freshwater ecosystems as a result of the release of accumulated energy, accompanied by the destruction of the steady climax successions of hydrocenoses is presented. The typification of local explosions as well as methods for assessing their risk during the development of river basins are shown. The change in atmospheric circulation, impaired phases of the hydrological regime of rivers, increasing the average temperature of the planet, including in Polesie to 0,6 ºC, deforestation leads to concentration and release of huge amounts of unmanaged terrestrial energy, which manifests itself in the form of disasters and emergencies. Hydroecological explosion is formed as a result of multifactorial external influence (natural and anthropogenic) on the water body in a certain period of time. Moreover, its level at wastewater discharge depends on the mass of recycled impurities and behaved processing capacity of the reservoir, and the mass of dumped on biocides and the possibility of the water flow to their dilution and to the utilization of non-toxic concentrations. In all these cases the preservation of "centers of life" in the tributaries of the first order – local fish reproduction areas contributed to ecosystem recovery, and the entire ecosystem has evolved from equilibrium to non-equilibrium with further restructuring after the explosion and environmental transition to a new trophic level. It means that hydroecological explosion can be researched as the logical course of development of living matter in abiotic environmental conditions, ending abruptly with the formation of new species composition cenoses and new bio-productivity. The buffer capacity of the water environment is reduced due to re-development and anthropic transformation of geobiocenoses of river basins, which leads to a weakening of life resistance. This applies particularly to the southern industrial regions of Ukraine, located in the arid zone that is even more relevant in the context of increased average temperature due to the greenhouse effect, as well as to Polesie (Western, Central and Chernihiv), had been exposed to large-scale drainage of 60-80th years, which contributed to the degradation of peatlands and fitostroma. Imposing the western trace of emissions from the Chernobyl accident to these areas had created the conditions of prolonged hydroecological explosion in an intense process of aging water bodies, especially lakes, change in species composition of fish fauna and the occurrence of neoplasms at the organismal level. Under these conditions, for the existence of man and the environment the vitaukta should be strengthened, i.e. buffer resistance and capacitance the aquatic environment, bioefficiency on the one hand and balanced using the energy deposited - on the other. This will restore the functioning of ecosystems "channel-floodplain", "riverbed-lake", reducing the energy load on the aquatic environment. Hydroecological explosions of natural origin can not be considered a pathology – it is a jump process of natural selection of species of biota. Another thing, if they are of anthropogenic origin and if the magnitude of such an impact is on the power of geological factors. Hydroecological explosions can be regarded as a manifestation of environmental wars that consciously or unconsciously, human society is waging against themselves and their kind in the river basins, so prevention of entropy increase in the aquatic environment and the prevention of hydroecological explosions is a matter of human survival. While the man - is not the final link in the development of living matter, it can develop without him, as matter is eternal, and the forms of its existence are different.

Identification of sibling species in the genus Eucyclops from water-bodies of Ukraine and Russia using crossbreeding studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Monchenko ◽  
L. P. Gaponova ◽  
V. R. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Baltic Sea Basin

Crossbreeding experiments were used to estimate cryptic species in water bodies of Ukraine and Russia because the most useful criterion in species independence is reproductive isolation. The problem of cryptic species in the genus Eucyclops was examined using interpopulation crosses of populations collected from Baltic Sea basin (pond of Strelka river basin) and Black Sea basin (water-reservoires of Dnieper, Dniester and Danube rivers basins). The results of reciprocal crosses in Eucyclops serrulatus-group are shown that E. serrulatus from different populations but from water bodies belonging to the same river basin crossed each others successfully. The interpopulation crosses of E. serrulatus populations collected from different river basins (Dnipro, Danube and Dniester river basins) were sterile. In this group of experiments we assigned evidence of sterility to four categories: 1) incomplete copulation or absence of copulation; 2) nonviable eggs; 3) absence of egg membranes or egg sacs 4) empty egg membranes. These crossbreeding studies suggest the presence of cryptic species in the E. serrulatus inhabiting ecologically different populations in many parts of its range. The same crossbreeding experiments were carries out between Eucyclops serrulatus and morphological similar species – Eucyclops macruroides from Baltic and Black Sea basins. The reciprocal crossings between these two species were sterile. Thus taxonomic heterogeneity among species of genus Eucyclops lower in E. macruroides than in E. serrulatus. The interpopulation crosses of E. macruroides populations collected from distant part of range were fertile. These crossbreeding studies suggest that E. macruroides species complex was evaluated as more stable than E. serrulatus species complex.

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