Maximum concentration of dissolved solids in surface water, Hartford North Quadrangle, Connecticut

10.3133/i784o ◽  
1972 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Solids

scholarly journals Metal Pollution Assessment of Surface Water in the Emission Field of the Slovinky Tailing Impoundment (Slovakia)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3143
Author(s):  
Danica Fazekašová ◽  
Juraj Fazekaš ◽  
Lenka Štofejová
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Risk Elements ◽  
Tailing Impoundment ◽  
Guideline Value

The focus of this work is on the evaluation of selected water quality indicators as per the applicable regulations, taking into account European and national legislation and the evaluation of the risk of contamination of surface waters with toxic elements using the contamination factor (Cfi) and the degree of pollution (Cd). The studied area of Slovinky is an important ore region, with rich deposits of copper and silver ores that have been mined for centuries. One of the most important remnants of mining activities in this area is the Slovinky tailing impoundment. The sludge pond area has an area of 15 ha, and the height of the dam is 113 metres above sea level, which makes the sludge pond one of the tallest water structures in Slovakia. The Slovinský creek was monitored in the years 2010, 2011, and 2019 at five sampling points, which were selected to map the entire length of the water flow from the source to the estuary to the river Hornád. Risk elements (As, Cu, Cd, and Fe) and physicochemical parameters (such as temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, conductivity, resistivity, salinity, total dissolved solids, NaCl, redox potential, and pH) were included in this study and evaluated according to applicable regulations, taking into account European legislation (Act No. 269/2010 Coll., guideline value WHO 2011). The results of the experimental studies showed that the highest values of As and Cu were measured at the site where drainage waters from the Slovinky tailing impoundment and mining water of the Alžbeta shaft flow into the creek. The concentration of As exceeded the limit value by up to 31 times and the concentration of Cu 16.8–134.5 times. At the same time, the highest values of conductivity, salinity, total dissolved solids, and NaCl were found, and there was no acidification of water at the site that had the highest pollution. Water contamination was assessed based on Cfi and Cd; our findings showed that the surface water from the site of contamination, along the entire length of the stream, was very highly contaminated with risk elements in the order of As > Fe > Cu, and the level of contamination decreased with distance from the site of contamination. Our research shows that seepage of toxic substances from sludge ponds and abandoned mines has caused the requirements for the quality of surface water of the Slovinský creek not to be met. In connection with mining activities, surface streams act as a transport medium through which other components of the environment can be polluted.

scholarly journals Microplastic Pollution in Surface Water of Urban Lakes in Changsha, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingshi Yin ◽  
Changbo Jiang ◽  
Xiaofeng Wen ◽  
Chunyan Du ◽  
Wei Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Urban Lakes ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

As emerging pollutants, microplastics have attracted the attention of scholars from all over the world. However, there is a lack of research on freshwater areas, even in densely populated urban areas. This study investigated eight urban lakes in Changsha, China. It was found that microplastic concentrations ranged from 2425 ± 247.5 items/m3 to 7050 ± 1060.66 items/m3 in the surface water of research areas and the maximum concentration was found in Yuejin Lake, a tourist spot in the center of the city. Anthropogenic factors are an important reason for microplastic abundance in urban lakes. The major shape of microplastics was linear and most of the microplastics were transparent. More than 89.5% of the microplastics had a size of less than 2 mm. Polypropylene was the dominant type in the studied waters. This study can provide a valuable reference for a better understanding of microplastic pollution in urban areas of China.

scholarly journals Possible Hydrochemical Processes Influencing Dissolved Solids in Surface Water and Groundwater of the Kaidu River Basin, Northwest China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Dalong Li ◽  
Haiyan Chen ◽  
Shaofeng Jia ◽  
Aifeng Lv
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Hydrochemical Processes ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Kaidu River ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

Hydrochemical processes under intense human activities were explored on the basis of the hydrochemical characteristics of 109 surface water samples and 129 groundwater samples collected during August 2015 to September 2016, in the Kaidu River Basin. Results obtained in this study indicated that the water in the basin was neutral to slightly alkaline with low total dissolved solids. Rock weathering and evaporation controlled the natural hydrochemical mechanisms. Mountain groundwater and stream water were dominated by Ca2+-HCO3− type water, whereas the plains groundwater was dominated by mixed type water. The results of principal component analysis demonstrated that water-rock interaction and human activity explained 71.6% and 12.9% of surface water hydrochemical variations, respectively, and 75.1% and 14.2% of groundwater hydrochemical variations, respectively. Sulfate, chloride, and carbonate weathering were the major water-rock interaction processes. Livestock farming and agricultural activities were the primary human activities influencing the water hydrochemistry. In addition, cation exchange is another important process influencing the hydrochemical characteristics in the study area. This study would be helpful in forecasting of water quality in arid areas.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation of salt ions in the surface water of Shule River Valley in Gansu Province, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan en Guo ◽  
Bao guo Li ◽  
Li li Nan ◽  
Zhong nan Nie ◽  
Shi yu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Lower Region ◽  
Water Ph

Abstract The objective of the study was to assess the quality of the Shule River water for irrigational purposes. Surface water samples were collected along the course of the river in May and October 2012. The samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), bicarbonate, chloride, sulphate, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Surface water was generally alkaline (average pH 8.17) and water pH and total dissolved solids in May were higher than those in October. EC ranged from 0.24 to 2.15 mS cm−1. Sodium was identified as the dominant cation, sulphate was identified as the dominant anion in May for both samples of river water but, in October, the dominant anions are respectively sulphate, bicarbonate and chloride from the upper region to the lower region. The total dissolved solids, chloride and sodium were found to exceed the permissible limits for irrigation water in the lower region. According to the principal factor analysis results, among water quality parameters measured in this study, chloride is the best indicator for monitoring water quality. The results revealed a deteriorating water quality in the lower region of the river.

Study the Effect of AL Shuwaja Depression Flood On Ground Water of East Tigris River in Wasit Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ali Nasser Hilo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Detention Time ◽  
Flood Water ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Flood Flow

      Present study was conducted at al Shuwaja depression east of wasit to evaluate  the impact of surface water and it is effect on regional ground water. The study done with a system of 38 wells along line of 38 km passes the area of study. The work divided the line of study area  in to three regions, one called  the mid-section locate in the path of flood flow, and the other first and third on shoulder of the depression, right and lift. To assess the level of the pollution in ground water. The study shows an effect of the surface water on concentration of Mg, Cl and Na  by increasing the concentration in depression in comparism  with the other sector’s first and third. Also the study show that the effect of flood on ground water was to decrease the concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS), TSS, NaCl, and SO4. The study suggest to avoid the harem effect of  water in depression on ground water by optimize and reduce the detention  time of  the flood water by pumping it to Tigris River at effluent of depression.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Surface Water Quality in Train Development Activities Plan between Makasar and Parepare, South Sulawesi Indonesia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Slamet Isworo ◽  
Poerna Sri Oetari ◽  
Indah Nur Alita ◽  
Tosan Adji
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

Background and Objectives: The plan for the construction of the Makassar - Parepare railway line is the priority for the development of the land transportation mode in South Sulawesi. The development plan has received an environmental permit which was then continued with a monitoring study. Methodology: Descriptive analysis methods are then compared with quality standards based on South Sulawesi Governor Regulation No. 69 of 2010. Physical parameters with organoleptic and conductivity methods. Heavy metal parameters using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method. Aquatic biota parameters are based on the Shannon wiener diversity index. The Results: The measurement results of the pre-construction stage addressing parameters that exceed the quality standard are turbidity. Measuring the monitoring period I, all parameters still meet quality standards, except Total Dissolved Solids and Cadmium, while other parameters are not required. Measurement. Period II, at all measurement locations the parameters of Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solid, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolved Oxygen exceed the quality standards of the Diversity Index (H') results of the pre-construction period with the value            (H') = 1.92, (D) = 66, (E) = -, mild pollution waters category.  Period 1 (H') = 0.24, (D) = 0.88, (E) = 0.35, the category of moderately polluted.   Period II (H') = 0.78, (D) = 0.22, (E) = 0.49, the category of moderately polluted waters. Conclusions: Monitoring results show an increase in surface water pollution from mild to moderate.

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