Depth of bedrock, depth to the water table, and classification of unconsolidated materials above the water table in stratified-drift areas of part of the Pomperaug River Valley, Southbury and Woodbury, Connecticut

Folia are speleothems that resemble bells, inverted cups, or bracket fungi, and whose origins are still controversial. Cenote Zapote (an underwater cave) in the Yucatán Peninsula (México), is home to some of the largest folia reported to date. These speleothems are currently growing in an active underwater system, meaning this site offers an excellent opportunity to constrain the different formation models proposed for folia, which have traditionally relied on inactive examples. In Cenote Zapote, folia are closely related to bubble trails and cupolas, suggesting an underwater CO2-degassing process. In thin section, they display a succession of columnar-open and columnar-elongated endings in micrite-dendritic fabrics. Our petrographic and geochemical results demonstrate the abiotic origin of these folia and indicate carbonate precipitation from cold water by CO2 degassing below the water table that started at least 5,210 yrs BP. We conclude that these folia formed as a result of subaqueous calcite precipitation around CO2 bubbles trapped below overhanging walls of the cave. The sequential alternation of columnar and micritic fabrics can be explained by changes in the position of the halocline and H2S-rich water mass while the exceptional size is the result of carbonate precipitation from waters saturated in CaCO3 during thousans of years. Then we propose the classification of these speleothems as a subtype of folia. This subtype could be named Hells Bells, respecting its original description.

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To Classify the Groundwater Hydrographs by Factor Analysis Method

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4097 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 518-523 ◽

pp. 4097-4103

Author(s):

Hwa Sheng Gau ◽

Chung Yi Chung ◽

Shao Wei Liao ◽

Wen Liang Lai

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Water Table ◽

Unconfined Aquifer ◽

Groundwater Table ◽

Total Variance ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Pingtung Plain ◽

Table Data ◽

Three Components

This study is using Factor Analysis method to analyze the hydrographs of groundwater table for classification of recharge zone. The water table data are taken from 37 wells which located on unconfined aquifer in Pingtung plain. The result shows that 93% of total variance can be explained by three components. The 1th component is related to rainfall; the 2th and 3th are related to recharge from TungKang Basin and Kaoping basin, respectively.

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An ecological classification of the burrows of Australian freshwater crayfish

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9860237 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 237 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

PHJ Horwitz ◽

AMM Richardson

Keyword(s):

Water Table ◽

North American ◽

Freshwater Crayfish ◽

Ecological Classification ◽

The Third ◽

Run Off ◽

Burrowing Behaviour ◽

Australian Freshwater

A classification of freshwater crayfish burrows, based on their relationship to the water-table, is presented. Burrows are divided into three classes, the third of which is apparently not found outside Australia and contains burrows which are independent of the water-table, receiving their water from surface run-off. The classification is compared with Hobbs classification of North American crayfish which is based on their burrowing behaviour.

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The Initial Period of the Investigation of the Relief and Landscape of the Oka River Valley (the 19th Century — the 1940s)

Вестник Рязанского государственного университета имени С.А. Есенина ◽

10.37724/rsu.2021.71.2.014 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 130-139

Author(s):

А.Ю. Воробьев

Keyword(s):

19Th Century ◽

Initial Period ◽

River Valley ◽

Quaternary Geology ◽

Moscow Region ◽

The South ◽

River Terraces ◽

Vladimir Region ◽

The 19Th Century

Рассматриваются изданные с середины XIX века до 1940-х годов работы, посвященные физико-географическим исследованиям в пределах долины средней Оки в Рязанской области, юго-востока Московской области и юга Владимирской области. Отмечен повышенный интерес к вопросам четвертичной геологии и распределения высот в террасовом комплексе долины. Выделены достижения в области разработки вопросов типизации археологических памятников и геоморфологического районирования. Обозначены тенденции, существовавшие в распределении акцентов в физико-географических исследованиях региона за период с середины XIX века по 40-е годы ХХ столетия. Определены главные методологические черты исследовательской работы, осуществлявшейся ведущими и региональными научными физико-географическими школами в обозначенный период и предметом которой были современное состояние долинных геокомплексов средней Оки и их облик в древности. The article treats research works published in the period between the mid 19th century and the 1940s and devoted to the investigation of the Oka river valley in the Ryazan region, the southeast of the Moscow region and the south of the Vladimir region. The article underlines that the issues of quaternary geology and architecture of river terraces have been investigated by many researchers. The article analyzes works devoted to the classification of archeological and geomorphological structures. It investigates tendencies associated with geographic research of the region during the mid 19th century – the 1940s. It identifies major methodological characteristics of the research of the architecture of the Oka river valley performed by leading and local geographic societies.

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Mound springs in the Dawson River Valley, Queensland. Vegetation-environment relations and consequences of a proposed impoundment on botanical values

Pacific Conservation Biology ◽

10.1071/pc980042 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 42 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. J. Fensham

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

River Valley ◽

Water Levels ◽

Individual Species ◽

Vulnerable Species ◽

Native Plant ◽

Native Plant Species ◽

High Conservation ◽

Maximum Water

Boggomosses are perennial mound springs in the Dawson River Valley, Queensland, an area subject to seasonal and often more prolonged drought. The results of a vegetation survey of the boggomosses are presented and assessed in relation to an impoundment proposed for the area. A classification of site-species data defined four boggomoss communities having distinct associations with soil texture and fertility, landscape position and possibly the age of springs. A measure of biogeographic significance was assigned to the plant species on the basis of rarity, isolation, affinity with the coastal flora and latitudinal limits. An impoundment at the maximum proposed height of 185 m would: a) inundate about 58% of the total number of springs; b) inundate 62% of significant community 1 springs that have high conservation significance; c) inundate all boggomoss populations of 26% of native plant species; d) inundate 30% of the boggomoss populations of the species that currently have two or more boggomoss populations to a level of one or less boggomoss populations; e) inundate all boggomoss populations of two out of 25 biogeographically significant species; f) inundate six out of 12 boggomoss populations of the vulnerable species Arthraxon hispidus; g) not inundate the single population of the vulnerable species Thelypteris confluens although the population would be within 1 m altitude of the maximum water height; h) not inundate the two populations of the endangered species Eriocaulon carsonii and Myriophyllum sp. (Aramac B. Wilson 110). Substantial lessening of impact on community 1 sites are achieved at dam water levels down to 177 m altitude and this trend is reftected in a progessive increase in the security of individual species. For example at the latter level, 88% of species would remain intact in more than one population and all known populations of Arthraxonwould remain intact.

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Setbacks from the crests of slopes along the North Saskatchewan River, Alberta

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t89-007 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 64-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. M. Cruden ◽

K. H. Tedder ◽

S. Thomson

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Water Table ◽

Slope Angle ◽

River Valley ◽

Infinite Slope ◽

Slope Analysis ◽

The North ◽

Site Investigations ◽

River Erosion

Setbacks from the crests of slopes along the North Saskatchewan River valley between Edmonton and Fort Saskatchewan can be estimated from the ultimate angle of the slope and the rate of lateral river erosion. The ultimate slope angle depends on the slope stratigraphy and the position of the water table in the slope. Three slopes, in overburden, with a bedrock base and dominantly in bedrock, typically having groundwater tables at respectively the toe of the slope, halfway up the slope, and at the lower quarter of the slope height, are studied. Theoretical estimates of the ultimate slope angle in each type, from infinite slope analysis and from charts, agree with observations of the inclinations of abandoned slopes along the river valley. The procedure recommended presents a rational estimation of setback distances without extensive site investigations. Key words: setback, slope, ultimate angle, abandoned slopes, river erosion.

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