Assessing the vulnerability of public-supply wells to contamination--Glacial aquifer system in Woodbury, Connecticut

The Varaždin aquifer represents the main source of water for public supply, agricultural, and industrial purposes in the Varaždin County in NW Croatia. In the last decades, this area has experienced contamination of groundwater with nitrates. This study describes the conceptualization of the Varaždin aquifer for the purpose of developing numerical model of groundwater flow and nitrate transport. Within the study, three important elements are defined: aquifer geometry, recharge from precipitation, and other boundary conditions. 3D aquifer model revealed that Varaždin aquifer consist of three layers: upper aquifer, semipermeable interlayer, and lower aquifer. The Wetspass-M model was used for the assessment of spatial and temporal distribution of water balance components for the period 2008–2017. Results of the model indicate that the average annual precipitation is distributed as 34% groundwater recharge, 21% surface runoff, and 45% actual evapotranspiration. The maps of equipotential lines show the behavior of the aquifer system and define boundary conditions, i.e., recharge and discharge areas of the aquifer: an inflow boundary from Drava River and accumulation lake Varaždin on the northwest and north, no flow boundary on the west and south, and an outflow boundary on the east.

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Hydrogeological and isotopic study of the multi-aquifer system of the Sibari Plain (Calabria, Southern Italy)

Rendiconti online della Società Geologica Italiana ◽

10.3301/rol.2015.158 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 134-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giovanni Vespasiano ◽

Carmine Apollaro ◽

Luigi Marini ◽

Rocco Dominici ◽

Giuseppe Cianflone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southern Italy ◽

Isotopic Study ◽

Aquifer System

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Using groundwater levels and Specific Yield to Estimate the Recharge, South of Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Academic Journal of Nawroz University ◽

10.25007/ajnu.v7n4a289 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 191

Author(s):

Sherwan Sh. Qurtas

Keyword(s):

Unconfined Aquifer ◽

Middle Part ◽

Water Levels ◽

Specific Yield ◽

Aquifer System ◽

Groundwater Levels ◽

Monitoring Wells ◽

Water Table Fluctuation Method ◽

Recharge Estimation ◽

Fluctuation Method

Recharge estimation accurately is crucial to proper groundwater resource management, for the groundwater is dynamic and replenished natural resource. Usually recharge estimation depends on the; the water balance, water levels, and precipitation. This paper is studying the south-middle part of Erbil basin, with the majority of Quaternary sediments, the unconfined aquifer system is dominant, and the unsaturated zone is ranging from 15 to 50 meters, which groundwater levels response is moderate. The purpose of this study is quantification the natural recharge from precipitation. The water table fluctuation method is applied; using groundwater levels data of selected monitoring wells, neighboring meteorological station of the wells, and the specific yield of the aquifers. This method is widely used for its simplicity, scientific, realistic, and direct measurement. The accuracy depends on the how much the determination of specific yield is accurate, accuracy of the data, and the extrapolations of recession of groundwater levels curves of no rain periods. The normal annual precipitation there is 420 mm, the average recharge is 89 mm, and the average specific yield is around 0.03. The data of one water year of 2009 and 2010 has taken for some technical and accuracy reasons.

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