scholarly journals STUDY ON SEISMIC RESPONSE OF A BUILDING SUPPORTED BY PILES IN FROZEN SOIL AT COLD REGIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (717) ◽  
pp. 1667-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang XING ◽  
Yuji MIYAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Cold Regions

scholarly journals Simulating cold-region hydrology in an intensively drained agricultural watershed in Manitoba, Canada, using the Cold Regions Hydrological Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3483-3506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos R. C. Cordeiro ◽  
Henry F. Wilson ◽  
Jason Vanrobaeys ◽  
John W. Pomeroy ◽  
Xing Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Red River ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Cold Regions

Abstract. Etrophication and flooding are perennial problems in agricultural watersheds of the northern Great Plains. A high proportion of annual runoff and nutrient transport occurs with snowmelt in this region. Extensive surface drainage modification, frozen soils, and frequent backwater or ice-damming impacts on flow measurement represent unique challenges to accurately modelling watershed-scale hydrological processes. A physically based, non-calibrated model created using the Cold Regions Hydrological Modelling platform (CRHM) was parameterized to simulate hydrological processes within a low slope, clay soil, and intensively surface drained agricultural watershed. These characteristics are common to most tributaries of the Red River of the north. Analysis of the observed water level records for the study watershed (La Salle River) indicates that ice cover and backwater issues at time of peak flow may impact the accuracy of both modelled and measured streamflows, highlighting the value of evaluating a non-calibrated model in this environment. Simulations best matched the streamflow record in years when peak and annual discharges were equal to or above the medians of 6.7 m3 s−1 and 1.25  × 107 m3, respectively, with an average Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.76. Simulation of low-flow years (below the medians) was more challenging (average NSE  <  0), with simulated discharge overestimated by 90 % on average. This result indicates the need for improved understanding of hydrological response in the watershed under drier conditions. Simulation during dry years was improved when infiltration was allowed prior to soil thaw, indicating the potential importance of preferential flow. Representation of in-channel dynamics and travel time under the flooded or ice-jam conditions should also receive attention in further model development efforts. Despite the complexities of the study watershed, simulations of flow for average to high-flow years and other components of the water balance were robust (snow water equivalency (SWE) and soil moisture). A sensitivity analysis of the flow routing model suggests a need for improved understanding of watershed functions under both dry and flooded conditions due to dynamic routing conditions, but overall CRHM is appropriate for simulation of hydrological processes in agricultural watersheds of the Red River. Falsifications of snow sublimation, snow transport, and infiltration to frozen soil processes in the validated base model indicate that these processes were very influential in stream discharge generation.

scholarly journals Failure Patterns and Morphological Soil–Rock Interface Characteristics of Frozen Soil–Rock Mixtures under Compression and Tension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Feng Hu ◽  
Zhiqing Li ◽  
Yifan Tian ◽  
Ruilin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Crack Path ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Failure Pattern ◽  
Rock Block ◽  
Foundation Engineering ◽  
Construction Operations ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Failure Patterns ◽  
Indirect Tension ◽  
Rock Interface

Construction operations in cold regions may encounter frozen geomaterials. In construction, it is important to understand the processes by which geomaterials fail under common loading conditions to avoid accidents and work efficiently. In this work, an artificial frozen soil–rock mixture was used for uniaxial compression and indirect tension loading analysis to investigate macroscopic failure patterns and soil–rock interface crack evolution mechanisms. To further understand and compare the meso-mechanical failure mechanisms of the soil–rock interface, we used two types of rock block particles with different surface roughness for fabricating frozen artificial soil–rock mixtures. Acoustic emission (AE), ultrasonic plus velocity (UPV), and digital microscopy were utilized here to obtain the sample deformation response and analyze the morphology of the soil–rock interface. The results were as follows. From the perspective of macroscopic observation, bulging deformations and short tension cracks represent the main failure pattern under compression, and a tortuous tension crack in the center of the disk is the main failure pattern under indirect tension. From the perspective of microscopic observation, the soil–rock interface will evolve into a soil–rock contact band for the sample containing a rough rock block. The strength of the soil–rock contact band is obviously larger than that of the soil–rock interface. Three main failure patterns of the soil–rock interface were observed: a crack path through the accurate soil–rock interface, a crack path through the envelope of the rough rock block, and a crack path passing through the rough rock block. The experimental results could provide a reference for foundation engineering, especially in pile foundation engineering in cold regions.

scholarly journals Analysis of main points of channel freezing-thawing disease in cold region and influence of channel base soil on the disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 01090
Author(s):  
Liqing Liang
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Seasonal Frozen Soil ◽  
Base Soil

The frozen soil area in China is more than two thirds of the total territory, so the problem of frost heave is obvious. Especially in northeast, northwest, north China and other cold regions, the problem of frost heave of hydraulic structures is very common. Canal is a common hydraulic structure in agricultural water, which is affected by seasonal frozen soil and may cause problems such as lining damage, seepage and irrigation efficiency. Therefore, this paper mainly summarizes the necessity of research on channel freezingthawing damage, the research direction of channel freezing-thawing damage, and expounds the influence of seasonal frozen soil on freezing and thawing diseases in cold regions by taking the particle size of saturated soil based on channel as an example.

scholarly journals A Modified ABCD Model with Temperature-Dependent Parameters for Cold Regions: Application to Reconstruct the Changing Runoff in the Headwater Catchment of the Golmud River, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1812
Author(s):  
Xiaoshu Wang ◽  
Bing Gao ◽  
Xusheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Monthly Runoff ◽  
Headwater Catchment

The runoff changes due to global warming in hydrological basins in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) have received worldwide attention. The headwater catchment of the Golmud River, located in the northern QTP, is the main source of water resources for the Golmud city in an arid region but has been poorly known for the hydroclimatological behaviors. In this study, a widely-used hydrological model, the ABCD model (Thomas, H.A., Washington, DC, USA), is modified by incorporating temperature-dependent hydrological processes and groundwater evapotranspiration in cold regions with a few additional parameters. The new model is used to reconstruct the monthly runoff in the past decades for the headwater catchment of the Golmud River and performs better than other comparable models. As indicated, the annual snowmelt runoff increased with the increasing air temperature and became more concentrated in April than in May. The frozen soil degradation could increase the hydraulic conductivity of soils and lead to a rise in cold season runoff. The groundwater level in the Golmud city was positively correlated to the annual runoff in the headwater catchment of the Golmud River, indicating that an increase of the groundwater level could be triggered by the rising trend in the streamflow of the Golmud River. This study suggests a useful hydrological model for the groundwater management in the Golmud city.

scholarly journals Analysis methodology and assessment indices of vulnerability for asphalt pavement in cold regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongxu Wang ◽  
Xianyong Ma ◽  
Huanyu Li ◽  
Zejiao Dong
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAsphalt pavement structures in cold regions, which suffer from complicated environmental and geological conditions, such as large temperature difference and frozen soil, are prone to cracking, rutting, and moisture damage. However, most of the existing assessment methodologies focus on the vulnerability of the overall road traffic network, ignoring the impact of regional differences and pavements’ structural performance. To establish a highly targeted vulnerability analysis methodology for cold regional asphalt pavements, the concept of highway vulnerability and the assessment model composed of exposure, fragility, and resilience were proposed in this paper firstly. Meanwhile, the assessment indices and standards for exposure, fragility, and resilience were respectively discussed. Then, the calculation process for each index weight and vulnerability index was proposed based on AHP-fuzzy comprehensive assessment methodology. Consequently, the vulnerability grade of asphalt pavements in cold regions could be determined. Finally, the vulnerability assessment indices and methodology for cold regional asphalt pavements were illustrated and presented, providing a theoretical basis for asphalt pavement performance evaluation and vulnerability assessment serviced under cold regional climate.

Investigation on the Impact of Seasonally Frozen Soil on Seismic Response of Bridge Columns

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam M. Wotherspoon ◽  
Sri Sritharan ◽  
Michael J. Pender ◽  
Athol J. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Bridge Columns ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
The Impact

Meltwater erosion process of frozen soil as affected by thawed depth under concentrated flow in high altitude and cold regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (13) ◽  
pp. 2139-2146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunyun Ban ◽  
Tingwu Lei ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Zhe Yin ◽  
Dengfeng Qian
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Concentrated Flow

Impacts of climate change on the hydrology of northern midlatitude cold regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okan Aygün ◽  
Christophe Kinnard ◽  
Stéphane Campeau
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Subsurface Flows ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Cold region hydrology is conditioned by distinct cryospheric and hydrological processes. While snowmelt is the main contributor to both surface and subsurface flows, seasonally frozen soil also influences the partition of meltwater and rain between these flows. Cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes have been shown to be sensitive to climate change. Assessing the impacts of climate change on the hydrology of this region is therefore crucial, as it supports a significant amount of population relying on hydrological services and subjected to changing hydrological risks. We present an exhaustive review of the literature on historical and projected future changes on cold region hydrology in response to climate change. Changes in snow, soil, and streamflow key metrics were investigated and summarized at the hemispheric scale, down to the basin scale. We found substantial evidence of both historical and projected changes in the reviewed hydrological metrics. These metrics were shown to display different sensitivities to climate change, depending on the cold season temperature regime of a given region. Given the historical and projected future warming during the 21st century, the most drastic changes were found to be occurring over regions with near-freezing air temperatures. Colder regions, on the other hand, were found to be comparatively less sensitive to climate change. The complex interactions between the snow and soil metrics resulted in either colder or warmer soils, which led to increasing or decreasing frost depths, influencing the partitioning rates between the surface and subsurface flows. The most consistent and salient hydrological responses to both historical and projected climate change were an earlier occurrence of snowmelt floods, an overall increase in water availability and streamflow during winter, and a decrease in water availability and streamflow during the warm season, which calls for renewed assessments of existing water supply and flood risk management strategies.

Seismic Response Characteristics of a Building Supported by Pile Foundation in Frozen Soil Based on Shaking Table Test

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 1640005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Xing ◽  
Miyamoto Yuji
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Pile Foundation ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Saturated Sand ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Response Characteristics

This paper focuses on the influence of frozen soil on seismic response of a building supported by pile foundation. Firstly, the saturated sand soil is frozen artificially, and then shaking table tests are conducted. Specifically, seismic responses of buildings with different natural frequencies and with different freezing depths of the saturated soil are investigated, respectively. In this study, it is confirmed that for buildings with high rigidity, the effect of interaction becomes smaller when the soil is frozen. Moreover, it is observed that the resonant frequency of frozen ground is closer to the natural frequency of superstructure, and thus the response of the superstructure becomes larger. It is also observed that the bending moment along the pile is remarkably reduced by improving the rigidity of the soil.

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