Meltwater erosion process of frozen soil as affected by thawed depth under concentrated flow in high altitude and cold regions

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (13) ◽  
pp. 2139-2146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunyun Ban ◽  
Tingwu Lei ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Zhe Yin ◽  
Dengfeng Qian
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Concentrated Flow

Simulation of thermal stress and control measures for rock-filled concrete dam in high-altitude and cold regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 111721
Author(s):  
Yuxiang Zhang ◽  
Jianwen Pan ◽  
Xinjian Sun ◽  
Jijun Feng ◽  
Dengqiang Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Concrete Dam ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Simulating cold-region hydrology in an intensively drained agricultural watershed in Manitoba, Canada, using the Cold Regions Hydrological Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3483-3506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos R. C. Cordeiro ◽  
Henry F. Wilson ◽  
Jason Vanrobaeys ◽  
John W. Pomeroy ◽  
Xing Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Red River ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Agricultural Watersheds ◽  
Cold Regions

Abstract. Etrophication and flooding are perennial problems in agricultural watersheds of the northern Great Plains. A high proportion of annual runoff and nutrient transport occurs with snowmelt in this region. Extensive surface drainage modification, frozen soils, and frequent backwater or ice-damming impacts on flow measurement represent unique challenges to accurately modelling watershed-scale hydrological processes. A physically based, non-calibrated model created using the Cold Regions Hydrological Modelling platform (CRHM) was parameterized to simulate hydrological processes within a low slope, clay soil, and intensively surface drained agricultural watershed. These characteristics are common to most tributaries of the Red River of the north. Analysis of the observed water level records for the study watershed (La Salle River) indicates that ice cover and backwater issues at time of peak flow may impact the accuracy of both modelled and measured streamflows, highlighting the value of evaluating a non-calibrated model in this environment. Simulations best matched the streamflow record in years when peak and annual discharges were equal to or above the medians of 6.7 m3 s−1 and 1.25  × 107 m3, respectively, with an average Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.76. Simulation of low-flow years (below the medians) was more challenging (average NSE  <  0), with simulated discharge overestimated by 90 % on average. This result indicates the need for improved understanding of hydrological response in the watershed under drier conditions. Simulation during dry years was improved when infiltration was allowed prior to soil thaw, indicating the potential importance of preferential flow. Representation of in-channel dynamics and travel time under the flooded or ice-jam conditions should also receive attention in further model development efforts. Despite the complexities of the study watershed, simulations of flow for average to high-flow years and other components of the water balance were robust (snow water equivalency (SWE) and soil moisture). A sensitivity analysis of the flow routing model suggests a need for improved understanding of watershed functions under both dry and flooded conditions due to dynamic routing conditions, but overall CRHM is appropriate for simulation of hydrological processes in agricultural watersheds of the Red River. Falsifications of snow sublimation, snow transport, and infiltration to frozen soil processes in the validated base model indicate that these processes were very influential in stream discharge generation.

scholarly journals Failure Patterns and Morphological Soil–Rock Interface Characteristics of Frozen Soil–Rock Mixtures under Compression and Tension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Feng Hu ◽  
Zhiqing Li ◽  
Yifan Tian ◽  
Ruilin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Crack Path ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Failure Pattern ◽  
Rock Block ◽  
Foundation Engineering ◽  
Construction Operations ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Failure Patterns ◽  
Indirect Tension ◽  
Rock Interface

Construction operations in cold regions may encounter frozen geomaterials. In construction, it is important to understand the processes by which geomaterials fail under common loading conditions to avoid accidents and work efficiently. In this work, an artificial frozen soil–rock mixture was used for uniaxial compression and indirect tension loading analysis to investigate macroscopic failure patterns and soil–rock interface crack evolution mechanisms. To further understand and compare the meso-mechanical failure mechanisms of the soil–rock interface, we used two types of rock block particles with different surface roughness for fabricating frozen artificial soil–rock mixtures. Acoustic emission (AE), ultrasonic plus velocity (UPV), and digital microscopy were utilized here to obtain the sample deformation response and analyze the morphology of the soil–rock interface. The results were as follows. From the perspective of macroscopic observation, bulging deformations and short tension cracks represent the main failure pattern under compression, and a tortuous tension crack in the center of the disk is the main failure pattern under indirect tension. From the perspective of microscopic observation, the soil–rock interface will evolve into a soil–rock contact band for the sample containing a rough rock block. The strength of the soil–rock contact band is obviously larger than that of the soil–rock interface. Three main failure patterns of the soil–rock interface were observed: a crack path through the accurate soil–rock interface, a crack path through the envelope of the rough rock block, and a crack path passing through the rough rock block. The experimental results could provide a reference for foundation engineering, especially in pile foundation engineering in cold regions.

scholarly journals Analysis of main points of channel freezing-thawing disease in cold region and influence of channel base soil on the disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 01090
Author(s):  
Liqing Liang
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Hydraulic Structure ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Frost Heave ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Seasonal Frozen Soil ◽  
Base Soil

The frozen soil area in China is more than two thirds of the total territory, so the problem of frost heave is obvious. Especially in northeast, northwest, north China and other cold regions, the problem of frost heave of hydraulic structures is very common. Canal is a common hydraulic structure in agricultural water, which is affected by seasonal frozen soil and may cause problems such as lining damage, seepage and irrigation efficiency. Therefore, this paper mainly summarizes the necessity of research on channel freezingthawing damage, the research direction of channel freezing-thawing damage, and expounds the influence of seasonal frozen soil on freezing and thawing diseases in cold regions by taking the particle size of saturated soil based on channel as an example.

scholarly journals A Modified ABCD Model with Temperature-Dependent Parameters for Cold Regions: Application to Reconstruct the Changing Runoff in the Headwater Catchment of the Golmud River, China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1812
Author(s):  
Xiaoshu Wang ◽  
Bing Gao ◽  
Xusheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Monthly Runoff ◽  
Headwater Catchment

The runoff changes due to global warming in hydrological basins in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) have received worldwide attention. The headwater catchment of the Golmud River, located in the northern QTP, is the main source of water resources for the Golmud city in an arid region but has been poorly known for the hydroclimatological behaviors. In this study, a widely-used hydrological model, the ABCD model (Thomas, H.A., Washington, DC, USA), is modified by incorporating temperature-dependent hydrological processes and groundwater evapotranspiration in cold regions with a few additional parameters. The new model is used to reconstruct the monthly runoff in the past decades for the headwater catchment of the Golmud River and performs better than other comparable models. As indicated, the annual snowmelt runoff increased with the increasing air temperature and became more concentrated in April than in May. The frozen soil degradation could increase the hydraulic conductivity of soils and lead to a rise in cold season runoff. The groundwater level in the Golmud city was positively correlated to the annual runoff in the headwater catchment of the Golmud River, indicating that an increase of the groundwater level could be triggered by the rising trend in the streamflow of the Golmud River. This study suggests a useful hydrological model for the groundwater management in the Golmud city.

Research on Construction Environment Control of High Altitude Cold Regions Tunnel

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 337-340
Author(s):  
Yu Wei Zhang ◽  
Yong Li Xie ◽  
You Yun Li
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Tunnel Construction ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Environment Control

High altitude cold regions tunnel construction environment is the key factor of tunnel construction progress, also relates to the technical personnel's health, this paper analyzes several key factors of restricting the construction environment, the field test of dust and CO several important indexes such as the maximum value, it is concluded that high altitude cold regions tunnel construction environment is relatively poor, dust and CO value beyond the standard requirements. Based on this, puts forward the measures to control the environment of high altitude cold regions tunnel construction for reference by the similar projects.

scholarly journals Analysis methodology and assessment indices of vulnerability for asphalt pavement in cold regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongxu Wang ◽  
Xianyong Ma ◽  
Huanyu Li ◽  
Zejiao Dong
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAsphalt pavement structures in cold regions, which suffer from complicated environmental and geological conditions, such as large temperature difference and frozen soil, are prone to cracking, rutting, and moisture damage. However, most of the existing assessment methodologies focus on the vulnerability of the overall road traffic network, ignoring the impact of regional differences and pavements’ structural performance. To establish a highly targeted vulnerability analysis methodology for cold regional asphalt pavements, the concept of highway vulnerability and the assessment model composed of exposure, fragility, and resilience were proposed in this paper firstly. Meanwhile, the assessment indices and standards for exposure, fragility, and resilience were respectively discussed. Then, the calculation process for each index weight and vulnerability index was proposed based on AHP-fuzzy comprehensive assessment methodology. Consequently, the vulnerability grade of asphalt pavements in cold regions could be determined. Finally, the vulnerability assessment indices and methodology for cold regional asphalt pavements were illustrated and presented, providing a theoretical basis for asphalt pavement performance evaluation and vulnerability assessment serviced under cold regional climate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document