scholarly journals Status of Critically Endangered Vultures in Dang Deukhuri Foothill Forests and West Rapti Wetlands

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Shrestha ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Absolute Count ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Gyps Bengalensis ◽  
Conservation Threats ◽  
Absolute Population

Vultures play a highly important ecological role through the rapid consumption of animal carcasses. Of 22 vulture species in the world, eight species are found in Nepal. The study was carried out in Dang Deukhuri valley with objectives of assessing present population status of critically endangered vultures and conservation threats to these vultures. To study population status, direct survey and repeated absolute count methods were used; population size estimated through Jacknife technique; nest occupancy determined by nest census method. Similarly, interview/household surveys were conducted to assess the present food availability and livestock condition; conservation threats to vultures. The range of absolute population size of the critically endangered vultures; Gyps bengalensis, Gyps tenuirostris and Sarcogyps calvus were found 44, 21 and 18 respectively in Dang Deukhuri valley. The major threat to vultures is diclofenac contamination of livestock carcasses and other threats are habitat destruction, disturbance & hunting, lack of awareness, food shortage, poisoning and pesticide use in the area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v4i0.5533The Initiation Vol.4 2011 28-34

scholarly journals Population status of the Madagascar Fish Eagle Haliaeetus vociferoides in 2005–2006

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
GILBERT RAZAFIMANJATO ◽  
THE SEING SAM ◽  
MARIUS RAKOTONDRATSIMA ◽  
LILY-ARISON RENE DE ROLAND ◽  
RUSSELL THORSTROM
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Population Status ◽  
The South ◽  
Single Adults ◽  
The North ◽  
Breeding Seasons

SummaryCoastal and inland surveys for the endemic and “Critically Endangered” Madagascar Fish Eagle Haliaeetus vociferoides were conducted in western Madagascar from Antsiranana in the north to Manja in the south during the 2005 and 2006 breeding seasons (May–October). Surveys covered typical Madagascar Fish Eagle habitat: lakes, rivers, mangroves, estuaries, and marine islands within their known distribution. In total, 287 individuals were encountered, including 98 breeding pairs (196 individuals), 23 breeding trios (69 individuals), 15 single adults and seven immature birds. Of these 287 birds, 128 individuals (44.6%) were observed on lakes; 116 (40.4%) in coastal areas, consisting of 103 (35.9%) in mangroves and 13 (4.5%) in estuaries; 32 (11.2%) on marine islands and 11 (3.8%) on rivers. There was an increase between surveys in 1995 and this study in the number of Madagascar Fish Eagles counted, from 222 to 287, and in the number of pairs from 99 to 121. This study confirms that the Madagascar Fish Eagle population is still low due to human persecution (hunting, collection of eggs and nestlings), overfishing and habitat destruction. We recommend monitoring fish eagles annually at the higher concentration sites to evaluate human activities and conducting a population survey every five years throughout western and northern Madagascar.

scholarly journals The Critically Endangered White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis in Sigur Plateau, Western Ghats, India: Population, breeding ecology, and threats

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 16752-16763
Author(s):  
Arockianathan Samson ◽  
Balasundaram Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Carcass Disposal ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Population Breeding ◽  
Vulture Conservation ◽  
Gyps Bengalensis ◽  
Conservation Threats

The present study aimed to assess the population status, breeding ecology, and conservation threats of Critically Endangered White-rumped Vulture in Sigur Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India from June 2011 to May 2012. The population of White-rumped vulture was estimated in the roosting and nesting sites twice in a month. Nesting colonies were systematically visited four times in a month during the breeding season to study nesting and breeding ecology. Carcasses and vulture counting was done by opportunistic count method. Two sets of questionnaires namely ‘precise and closed’ and ‘broad and open-ended’ were developed to asses the people’s perception on vulture conservation.  The overall population of White-rumped Vultures was estimated about 70 to 115 individuals.  In total, 68 nests were observed in two nesting colonies. Most of the nests (97%) were recorded on Terminalia arjuna and only 3% on Spondias mangifera. Among the 68 constructed nests, 34 were incubated and 30 chicks were fledged out from the nests with 88% breeding success. Feeding behavior was observed from 28 carcasses, Vultures were attended only 15 caracasses an average of 56.04±3.29 individuals of vultures were recorded. Interestingly, Elephant (61.8±5.1) and Indian Gaur (58.5±0.3) carcasses were attracted in greater numbers of vultures in susiquent days (3.5±0.2) than other carcasses. People’s attitude to vulture conservation was positive and useful in 90.82% of the cases (n=99). Cattle carcass disposal method favored to vultures in these regions.  The Sigur Plateau to be declared as “Vulture Sanctuary” in order to legally protect and conserve the country’s southern-most wild and viable Critically Endangered White-rumped Vulture population in the landscape.

Global population size of a critically endangered lemur, Perrier's sifaka

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Banks ◽  
E. R. Ellis ◽  
Antonio ◽  
P. C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Global Population

Extreme rainfall-related clutch size variation in the Critically Endangered Raso Lark Alauda razae of the arid Cape Verde islands

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. de L. BROOKE
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cape Verde Islands ◽  
Rainy Period ◽  
Island Endemic

SummaryThe Raso Lark Alauda razae is a single island endemic confined to the island of Raso in the Cape Verde islands. It has been studied via short (11–20 day), similarly-timed visits every year from 2001 to 2017. These November/December visits have occurred towards the end of the main rainy period (August–October) in the Cape Verdes. Average clutch size ranged from zero (no nests found) to 3.57 in different years and was strongly correlated with rainfall in the three months preceding the year’s visit, but not with population size, which varied 25-fold during the study period. Since the nomadic pursuit of rain is not an option for the Raso Lark, the species adjusts clutch size according to conditions prevailing on Raso.

scholarly journals Microhabitats Affect Population Size and Plant Vigor of Three Critically Endangered Endemic Plants in Southern Sinai Mountains, Egypt

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal M. Fakhry ◽  
Ali El-Keblawy ◽  
Hatem A. Shabana ◽  
Ibrahim El Gamal ◽  
Amir Shalouf
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Steep Slopes

Endemic species on mountains often have narrow altitudinal ranges and are more threatened at the higher altitudes, especially with climate changes. However, plants could use special microhabitats at the mountain tops as proper places for surviving the climate change (i.e., refugia). We assessed population attributes of three critically endangered endemic species (Primula boveana Decne ex Duby, Rosa arabica Crep., and Silene leucophylla Boiss.) in two growing seasons (2006/2007 and 2013/2014), differing in the received rainfalls in microhabitats at the high mountains of southern Sinai. Both P. boveana and S. leucophylla had very small population size, but significantly increased in the 2013/2014 growing season which received above average rainfalls. The population of R. arabica is the smallest (around 40 individuals) and did not increase, even after the increase in rainfalls. Whereas P. boveana is present in fewer sites and grew in small number of specific microhabitats, both S. leucophylla and R. arabica were recorded in most studied sites and habitat types. Unlike R. arabica, both P. boveana and S. leucophylla were recorded in caves and steep slopes and on the top of the mountains. This indicates that these sheltered mist microhabitats are the best for future conservation of these species after climate change.

scholarly journals Endophytic fungi and latent pathogens in the sedge Carex secalina (Cyperaceae), a critically endangered species in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Górzyńska Karolina ◽  
Węgrzyn Ewa ◽  
Sandecki Rafał ◽  
Lembicz Marlena
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Colletotrichum Destructivum ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Roadside Area ◽  
Latent Pathogens

Endophytic fungi are widespread in plants and affect the host fitness and population size. We found 12 fungal taxa in C. secalina, a critically endangered species in several European countries, at two study sites in Poland. The most frequently occurring fungal taxa were Colletotrichum destructivum and Acremonium sp. Both taxa were found in half of the examined tussocks. The highest number of fungal taxa was noted in the C. secalina plants growing in the roadside area, where 7 of the 12 identified fungal taxa occurred. These fungi, inhabiting leaf tissues, are known for their pathogenicity but no visible symptoms of any diseases were observed on C. secalina leaves. This suggests that these fungi are latent pathogens.

scholarly journals Decline towards extinction of Mexico's vaquita porpoise ( Phocoena sinus )

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 190598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando M. Jaramillo-Legorreta ◽  
Gustavo Cardenas-Hinojosa ◽  
Edwyna Nieto-Garcia ◽  
Lorenzo Rojas-Bracho ◽  
Len Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Posterior Mean ◽  
Bayesian Credible Interval ◽  
Independent Estimate ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Passive Acoustic

The vaquita ( Phocoena sinus ) is a small porpoise endemic to Mexico. It is listed by IUCN as Critically Endangered because of unsustainable levels of bycatch in gillnets. The population has been monitored with passive acoustic detectors every summer from 2011 to 2018; here we report results for 2017 and 2018. We combine the acoustic trends with an independent estimate of population size from 2015, and visual observations of at least seven animals in 2017 and six in 2018. Despite adoption of an emergency gillnet ban in May 2015, the estimated rate of decline remains extremely high: 48% decline in 2017 (95% Bayesian credible interval (CRI) 78% decline to 9% increase) and 47% in 2018 (95% CRI 80% decline to 13% increase). Estimated total population decline since 2011 is 98.6%, with greater than 99% probability the decline is greater than 33% yr −1 . We estimate fewer than 19 vaquitas remained as of summer 2018 (posterior mean 9, median 8, 95% CRI 6–19). From March 2016 to March 2019, 10 dead vaquitas killed in gillnets were found. The ongoing presence of illegal gillnets despite the emergency ban continues to drive the vaquita towards extinction. Immediate management action is required if the species is to be saved.

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