scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of the stem bark of Allanblackia parviflora Chev. (Clusiaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adu Joseph Kwasi ◽  
◽  
Amoah Eunice ◽  
Ayensu Isaac ◽  
Osei-Djarbeng Samuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Allanblackia Parviflora

This study has successfully explored the photochemistry and antimicrobial properties of the methanolic, aqueous and pet ether stem bark extracts of Allanblackia parviflora (Chevalier) (Clusiaceae). The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tanins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugar, triterpenoids, anthraquinones, saponins and phytosterols in the various plant samples and the absence of cyanogenic glycosides in all the samples screened. The antimicrobial assay employed Agar-well diffusion for the preliminary screening and Micro broth dilution method for the MIC determination. Ten (10) microbial strains including one fungus (Candida albicans), five gram-negative (Salmonella typhi, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli ATCC 2592, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 4853) and four gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Streptococcus paratypi A and Bacillus subtilis NCTC 10073) were employed in the assay using Ciprofloxacin as the reference drug. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest activity against E. faecalis with zone of inhibition 20 mm and MIC of 2.5 mg/ml. Pet ether extract on the other hand was inactive against test microbes. The results from the study therefore suggest that the stem bark of Allanblackia parviflora possess some phytochemicals that acts synergistically to provide the observed antimicrobial properties as claimed by traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred O Obonga ◽  
Philip F Uzor ◽  
Emmanuel O Ekwealor ◽  
Sampson C Nwabuko
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

The present study was aimed at a comparative study of the phytoconstituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of four medicinal plants, Ficus capensis, Aristolochia ringens, Albizia zygia and Lannea welwitschii. The leaf of F. capensis and stem bark of A. ringens, A. zygia and L. welwitschii were extracted using methanol. Phytochemical analysis was done spectrophotometrically. Three in vitro antioxidant tests-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydroxyl (DPPH) scavenging models were employed. Antimicrobial test was done by agar diffusion method against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiela pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Candida albicans and Aspergittus spp. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the most abundant phytoconstituents were flavonoids (F. capensis and A. zygia), reducing sugar, terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins. In the antioxidant models, A. zygia was found to produce the least IC50 in two of the models (NO and DPPH). Results of the antimicrobial tests showed that A. zygia showed a broader spectrum of activity than other plants. This study has shown that these plants possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities which further justify their usage in traditional medicines. A. zygia featured prominently in these activities. Also flavonoids could be responsible for the bioactivities of these plants.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 16(2): 147-157, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Efficacy, Secondary Metabolite Constituents, Ligand Docking of Enantia chlorantha on Selected Multidrug Resistance Bacteria and Fungi

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Thonda Oluwakemi Abike ◽  
Oludare Temitope Osuntokun ◽  
Aladejana Oluwatoyin Modupe ◽  
Ajadi Fatima Adenike ◽  
Akinyemi R. Atinuke
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Ligand Docking ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

This study aimed at determining the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial efficacy of Enantia chlorantha on multidrug resistance microorganisms.And also to study the interaction of plant secondary metabolite (phytochemicals) from Enantia chlorantha with three proteins. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts of E. chlorantha (leaf and stem bark) against selected microorganisms was done using agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were also determined using standard methods. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of E. chlorantha were also determined. The molecular docking was determined using in-silico techniques and was elucidated. Protein generation, Ligand generation and Ligand Docking using GLIDE were determined. Standard precision (SP) flexible ligand docking was carried out in Glide of Schrödinger-Maestro 11.1 and the extra-precision (XP) mode. The crude extracts tested showed antimicrobial activities against all the test bacterial and fungal isolates for the stem bark extract while the leaf extract showed antimicrobial activities against some of the isolates with little differences. The zones of inhibition ranges between 9mm-24mm at 100mg/ml for the ethanol extract and 10mm-13mm at 12.5mg/ml. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) at which the isolates were sensitive to the various extracts differed and the MIC values ranged from 12.5mg/ml to 100mg/ml while the MBC for the organisms ranged from 25mg/ml to 100mg/ml.The qualitative phytochemical screening of Enantia chlorantha leaf and stem bark revealed the presence of medicinally active constituent such as cardiac glycoside, steroids, anthraquinone,tannin, saponin, phenol, and reducing sugar. The quantitative phytochemical screening of E. chlorantha stem bark and leaf using different solvents, showed the presence of different phytoconstituents in different quantities. Molecular docking results revealed some components of the plant to be more active compared to levofloxacin by inhibiting topoisomerase IV. Jartrorrhizine-1 and canadine-1 present in Enantia chlorantha have docking scores of -2.267 and -1.625 respectively which are greater than that of levofloxacin (-1.557) against Salmonella typhi. For Staphylococcus aureus, Argentine.sdf (-7.373) and Jartrorrhizine.sdf (-4.225) have high docking scores compared to Levofloxacin.sdf (-3.436) as well as Candida albican.The promising evidence for the antimicrobial effects of E. chlorantha against bacterial and fungal isolates in this study especially the stem bark extract showed that Enantia chlorantha is more effective at treating diseases caused by Salmonella typhi and other organisms and therefore can be used as an alternative source of therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Scutia buxifolia Reissek essential oil: in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1463-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALINE A. BOLIGON ◽  
MARIANA PIANA ◽  
THIELE F. DE BRUM ◽  
AMANDA L.F. FROEDER ◽  
BIANCA V. BELKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

The volatile oil from the stem bark of Scutia buxifolia (Rhamnaceae) has been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty-one components were identified representing 99.93 % of the total oil composition, spathulenol (35.87%), β-cubebene (17.26%), germacrene D (6.43%), linalool (5.19%), carvacrol (4.05%) were the main components of S. buxifolia essential oil. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the essential oil were evaluated by free radical scavenging (DPPH) assay and micro broth dilution method, respectively. S. buxifolia essential oil presented interesting radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 15.03 ± 0.11 µg/mL). The antibacterial assay showed that S. buxifolia stem bark essential oil was moderately active against the Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus sp. (MIC = 500 µg/mL) and Escherichia coli (250 µg/mL). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil from the S. buxifolia collected from Brazil.

scholarly journals In VitroAntimicrobial Activity of Extracts from Plants Used Traditionally in South Africa to Treat Tuberculosis and Related Symptoms

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balungile Madikizela ◽  
Ashwell Rungano Ndhlala ◽  
Jeffrey Franklin Finnie ◽  
Johannes Van Staden
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
African Plants ◽  
Mycobacterium Aurum

Respiratory ailments are major human killers, especially in developing countries. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease causing a threat to human healthcare. Many South African plants are used in the traditional treatment of TB and related symptoms, but there has not been a sufficient focus on evaluating their antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of plants used traditionally to treat TB and related symptoms against microorganisms (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus,andMycobacterium aurumA+) associated with respiratory infections using the microdilution assay. Ten plants were selected based on a survey of available literature of medicinal plants used in South Africa for the treatment of TB and related symptoms. The petroleum ether, dichloromethane, 80% ethanol, and water extracts of the selected plants were evaluated for antibacterial activity. Out of 68 extracts tested from different parts of the 10 plant species, 17 showed good antimicrobial activities against at least one or more of the microbial strains tested, with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.195 to 12.5 mg/mL. The good antimicrobial properties ofAbrus precatorius, Terminalia phanerophlebia, Indigofera arrecta,andPentanisia prunelloidesauthenticate their traditional use in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Thus, further pharmacological and phytochemical analysis is required.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Piper abbreviatum, P. erecticaule and P. lanatum (Piperaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ◽  
Farediah Ahmad ◽  
Khong Heng Yen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Weak Activity

The study was designed to examine the chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from the aerial parts of three Piper species: Piper abbreviatum, P. erecticaule and P. lanatum, all from Malaysia. GC and GC/MS analysis showed qualitative and quantitative differences between these oils. GC and GC-MS analysis of P. abbreviatum, P. erecticaule and P. lanatum oils resulted in the identification of 33, 35 and 39 components, representing 70.5%, 63.4% and 78.2% of the components, respectively. The major components of P. abbreviatum oil were spathulenol (11.2%), ( E)-nerolidol (8.5%) and β-caryophyllene (7.8%), whereas P. erecticaule oil mainly contained β-caryophyllene (5.7%) and spathulenol (5.1%). Borneol (7.5%), β-caryophyllene (6.6%) and α-amorphene (5.6%) were the most abundant components in P. lanatum oil. Antimicrobial activity was carried out using disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution method against nine microorganisms. All of the essential oils displayed weak activity towards Gram-positive bacteria with MIC values in the range 250–500 μg/mL. P. erecticaule oil showed the best activity on Aspergillus niger (MIC 31.3 μg/mL), followed by P. lanatum oil (MIC 62.5 μg/mL). This study demonstrated that the essential oils have potential as antimicrobial agents and may be useful in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.

scholarly journals Characterization, Antimicrobial Properties and Coatings Application of Gellan Gum Oxidized with Hydrogen Peroxide

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushuang Lu ◽  
Xiaojian Zhao ◽  
Sheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
H2o2 Oxidation

The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation on the physicochemical, gelation and antimicrobial properties of gellan gum was studied. The oxidized gellan gum (OGG) was characterized by measuring the carboxyl/carbonyl group contents, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The H2O2 oxidation resulted in a large increase in the carboxyl groups in gellan gum. The OGG lost gelation ability by oxidation even in the presence of metal ions. The antimicrobial activities of the OGG against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and fungal (Aspergillus niger) were tested. The OGG could inhibit the growth of both bacteria and fungal, and the activity was improved with an increase in the oxidation level. Finally, the application of the OGG as an active coatings material to extend the storage of apples was tested.

Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial Activities and Nutritional content of Jatropha Tanjorensis Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
B A Anhwange ◽  
I G Agbidye ◽  
B A Kyenge ◽  
P O Ngbede
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Hexane Extracts

The leaves of Jatropha tanjarensis were collected and assessed for their phytochemical compositions and antimicrobial activities using methanolic and hexane extracts as to determine the bioactive components and their effects on microorganisms. Also, the nutritional potential was investigated through the determination of proximate composition using standard procedures. The result of phytochemical screening indicated the presence of saponins, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugars, steroids, alkaloids and flavonoids in methanolic extract, the same observation was recorded in n-hexane extract except that reducing sugars were absent and phlobotannins were present. The antimicrobial activities of the leaves extract show that it have some antimicrobial properties. Results of the proximate composition and mineral analysis revealed that the plant is a good source of fiber and minerals. Therefore, leaves of Jatropha tanjarensisapart from being used as antimicrobial agents, can serve as good sources of fiber and minerals when used as vegetables.

scholarly journals Synthesis of sulfonamides bearing 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoline and 4-thiazolidinone moieties as novel antimicrobial agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Thi-Dan Thach ◽  
Thi Le ◽  
Thien-Annguyen Nguyen ◽  
Chi-Hien Dang ◽  
Van-Su Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Mercaptoacetic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Microbial Strains

Two series of sulfonamides were synthesized from 4-hydrazinylbenzenesulfonamide as the key starting material. 1,3,5-Triarylpyrazoline sulfonamides (2a?i) were obtained by cyclocondensation of various chalcones in 53? ?64 % yields, while 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (4a?e) were synthesized by cyclocondensation between mercaptoacetic acid and different phenylhydrazones in 43?62 % yields. The synthesized compounds were characterized based on FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HRMS data. The sulfonamides were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against four bacterial strains (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtillis and S aureus), two filamentous fungal strains (A. niger and F. oxysporum) and two yeast strains (C. albicans and S. cerevisiae). Seven pyrazolines, 2a?c and 2e?h, exhibited significant inhibition of different microbial strains. Among them, compound 2b displayed good antifungal activity against A. niger (MIC value at 12.5 ?g mL-1) over the reference drug.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and toxicity on Cavia porcellus of Dialium angolense Welw. Ex Oliv, a traditional medicinal plant from Bagira in Eastern of DR Congo

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-180
Author(s):  
Bashige Chiribagula V ◽  
Bakari Amuri S ◽  
Okusa Ndjolo Philippe ◽  
Kahumba Byanga J ◽  
Duez P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
E Coli

Dialium angolense is used in Bagira for its various medicinal properties particularly in the management of infectious diseases. In this study, the methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves and fruits were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and their in vivo toxicity on Cavia porcellus. The major phytochemical classes of extracts were screened using standard in-tube reactions. The antimicrobial study was tested on Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae using agar well diffusion and dilution methods, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by a DPPH assay. For the acute toxicity study, animals (6/group) were orally given in a single dose 5000, 1000 or 15000 mg of extract/kg body weight (BW) then observed for 14 days. In sub-acute toxicity assays, 150 or 300 mg/kg BW/day were orally given, and animals observed for 28 days. Total phenolics and total flavonoids contents ranged 1.19 to 1.61 mg GAE.g-1 and 0.45 to 1.01 mg QEg-1, respectively. The extracts presented antioxidant activity with IC50 ranging 4.9 to 6.9 µg/mL. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) on tested strains ranged from 1.9 to 500 µg/mL with the aqueous extract of fruits as a most active extract: MIC=1.9 µg/mL on E. coli and C. albicans. No signs of toxicity were noted during the acute and sub-acute toxicity assessments, suggesting a maximal tolerate doses (MDT) and LD50 > 15000 mg/kg BW. This study highlights the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Dialium angolense and suggests that further studies be directed towards the isolation of active compounds.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies of SnO2 Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Sumathi . P
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticle ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

This study was involved to synthesize and investigate the antimicrobial properties of highly pure nanocrystalline SnO2 by simple chemical method. In the nanorods, SnO2 nanoparticles, with a size of about 74 nm, the SnO2 nanoparticles were maximum antibacterial activity against both bacterial and fungal with the zone of inhibition for Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aures, Salmonella typhi and Ascerpergillus Flavus, Ascerpergillus Niger from 25μg/ml and 100 μg/ml respectively. SnO2 nanoparticles showed good activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria confirming these as future broad spectrum antibacterial a cost effective way and to study its antimicrobial properties. We observed an effective antibacterial and antifungal activity of the SnO2 nanoparticle against bacteria and fungi. The results showed that SnO2 nanoparticles enhanced the good antibacterial activity.

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