scholarly journals Donald Trump and the Lie

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux ◽  
Rory Truex
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Electoral Cycle ◽  
Widespread Acceptance ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Over Time

The legitimacy of democratically elected governments rests in part on widespread acceptance of the outcome of elections, especially among those who lost. This "losers' consent'' allows the winners to govern and, when the incumbent is the losing party, it allows for a peaceful transition of power. What happens in a democratic system when one side not only refuses to concede, but actively perpetuates lies about the outcome? This paper studies the consequences of a Donald Trump's "big lie" using a daily tracking survey, yielding 40-days of polls and over 20,000 responses from American voters. We find that the lie is pervasive and sticky-- the number of Republicans and independents believing that the election was fraudulent is substantial, and this proportion did not change appreciably over time or shift after important political developments. In reaction to the lie, and the threat it brought to the transition of power, there was a significant rise in support for political violence among Democrats, support that only waned after the insurrection of January 6th. We also find there are likely significant, long term consequences to the lie. Republican voters will reward politicians that perpetuate it in the next electoral cycle.

scholarly journals Leading over the Long Run: Rhetorical Consequentialism and Rhetorical Leadership

Res Rhetorica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarke Rountree
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Rhetorical Theory ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rhetorical Leadership

Because the goals leaders and organizations seek typically require persistent engagement over time, rhetorical leadership has as a central concern the long-term consequences of the leader’s rhetorical choices. Although traditional rhetorical theory downplayed this long-term perspective in favor of the singular rhetorical engagement (such as a speech), rhetorical theorists have begun considering the rhetorical implications of persuasion wrought over the long-run. This essay applies rhetorical consequentialism, a theoretical perspective developed by the author, to explain the orientation and strategies the rhetorical leader must consider in longterm persuasion. Leaders must be concerned about consistency over time to avoid charges of waffl ing, delusion, lying, hypocrisy, and the like if they are to maintain their ethos and that of their organizations. They also should take positive steps to create the symbolic and material conditions for rhetorical success over the long run. The essay describes „constraint avoidance” strategies that limit inconsistencies over time, as well as „stage-setting” strategies that prepare the symbolic and material ground for future rhetorical success. The essay draws examples from American political rhetoric, especially that of Donald Trump, to illuminate these strategies. The essay concludes by considering the challenges and prospects of such strategies.

Tracking Emotions over Time (the “ARC”)

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Heather Thompson-Brenner ◽  
Melanie Smith ◽  
Gayle Brooks ◽  
Dee Ross Franklin ◽  
Hallie Espel-Huynh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Over Time

The primary goal for this session is for clients to explore and learn how emotional experiences unfold. This allows clients to learn from their emotional experiences and how these experiences can influence their later behaviors and emotions. During this session, clients learn the steps that unfold over time in emotions: antecedent (A, what happened before), response (R, which includes thoughts, physical sensations, and behaviors/urges), and consequence (C, what happens after). Clients learn to look for patterns in their emotional triggers. They also learn to explore short- and long-term consequences of their emotional responses. Form 8.1: The ARC of Emotional Experiences is introduced.

scholarly journals A Review of Factors to Consider for Permanent Cordon Establishment and Maintenance

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1811
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Brien ◽  
Roberta De Bei ◽  
Mark Sosnowski ◽  
Cassandra Collins
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Normal Flow ◽  
Training Techniques ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Over Time

Decisions made during the establishment and reworking of permanent cordon arms may have long-term consequences on vineyard health and longevity. This review aims to summarise several of the important considerations that must be taken into account during cordon establishment and maintenance. Commonly practiced cordon training techniques such as wrapping developing arms tightly around the cordon wire may result in a constriction of the vascular system, becoming worse over time and disrupting the normal flow of water and nutrients. Studies have shown that other factors of cordon decline such as the onset of vascular diseases may be influenced by pre-existing stress conditions. Such conditions could be further exacerbated by water and heat stress events, an important consideration as these scenarios become more common under the influence of climate change. Vineyard sustainability may be improved by adopting cordon training techniques which promote long-term vitality and avoid a reduction in vine defence response and the costly, premature reworking of vines.

A long-term study of the effects of housing conditions on the welfare of domestic pigs

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
M. Mendl ◽  
D.M. Broom ◽  
A.J. Zanella
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Alternative Systems ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Over Time

In view of the forthcoming UK ban on stall and tether housing for sows, the long-term consequences of housing pregnant pigs in alternative systems were assessed. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of two indoor group-housing systems on measures of the welfare of pregnant pigs, and to compare pigs housed in these systems with pigs housed in stalls. The study followed 63 female pigs from early life until their fourth pregnancy. A longitudinal experimental design was used to obtain information on how the pigs responded to their initial introduction to the three housing systems (during the first pregnancy), and how they adjusted to the systems over time (in the fourth pregnancy).

Preparing Your Digital Legacy

2014 ◽  
pp. 208-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Braman ◽  
Ursula Thomas ◽  
Giovanni Vincenti ◽  
Alfreda Dudley ◽  
Karen Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Network Usage ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Social Networking Tools ◽  
Digital Identities ◽  
Over Time

With the increasing use of social networking tools and sites available, we must be mindful of the long-term consequences of posting information online. The combination of images, comments, and other personal data shape our online digital persona. Over time and throughout the lifetime of our many online profiles and digital identities, these representations and data become our digital legacy. When we pass away, it is this information that is left behind to represent who we are to other users, family, and friends. Additionally, all of the photos and other content remain online. In this chapter, the authors discuss the construction of one’s digital legacy and focus on the need for additional education about social networking usage for the future. Additionally, they present feedback from a study of college-aged students related to this topic and their views on social network usage.

Commentary on “The experiences of Covid-19 ‘lockdown’ for people with a learning disability: results from surveys in Jersey and Guernsey”

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This paper aims to consider the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown restrictions. Design/methodology/approach This commentary reflects on the issues raised by Morris et al., and in the wider literature. Findings Although there have been some benefits to lockdown for people with intellectual disabilities, mainly they have experienced isolation, increased mental health and well-being challenges, difficulty in accessing services, support and adequate adapted information. Originality/value This commentary argues that it is important to continue to capture the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities now and over time to assess the long-term consequences of the pandemic and to design services which are respondent to their needs.

Using NYC 311 Call Center Data to Assess Short- and Long-Term Needs Following Hurricane Sandy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Adriana Eugene ◽  
Naomi Alpert ◽  
Wil Lieberman-Cribbin ◽  
Emanuela Taioli
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Open Data ◽  
General Information ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Initial Event ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives: Hurricane Sandy made landfall across New York City (NYC) in October 2012, but the long-term consequences of the storm are still not fully understood. We analyzed NYC data to quantify the extent of Hurricane Sandy-related concerns over time. Methods: Data on NYC 311 Call Center inquiries were downloaded from the NYC Open Data website (October 29, 2012 to May 26, 2020) to provide information about Sandy-related calls using the keywords “Hurricane” and “Sandy”. Results: In the first 2 wk after Hurricane Sandy, 15.6% of 311 calls were related to the storm. From 2012 to 2020, the volume of inquiries decreased from 87,209 to 25. The majority of calls in 2012 (49,181; 56%) was requesting general Hurricane Sandy information, and in 2020 assistance with property restoration (20; 79%) Conclusions: The long-term consequences of Hurricane Sandy in NYC persist into 2020, almost 8 y after the initial event. The needs of Hurricane Sandy victims have changed over time from requiring general information regarding closures, property destruction and immediate disaster relief to aid with legal, financial, and mental health consequences. Disaster response policy-makers must understand the changing needs of NYC residents to provide resources and prepare for future disasters.

Short-term and long-term consequences of achievement goals: Predicting interest and performance over time.

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith M. Harackiewicz ◽  
Kenneth E. Barron ◽  
John M. Tauer ◽  
Suzanne M. Carter ◽  
Andrew J. Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Goals ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Over Time

Subsequent Practice and Evolutive Interpretation: Techniques of Treaty Interpretation over Time and Their Diverse Consequences

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Arato
Keyword(s):  
Basic Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Treaty Provision ◽  
Practical Matter ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Treaty Interpretation ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThis paper compares two different means of treaty interpretation by which a treaty or treaty provision may change over time: the interpretation and reinterpretation of a treaty on the basis of its evolutive character, and the (re)interpretation of a treaty on the basis of the subsequent practice of the parties. I contend that evolutive interpretation and interpretation based on subsequent practice do not simply refer to two different and distinct phenomena ‐ as a practical matter they constitute two different “techniques of interpretation” which may or may not both be applicable in a particular case, and may sometimes both be applicable but mutually exclusive. The basic problem of the paper revolves around the following question: where the evidence is uncertain, or ambivalent, which technique ‐ if any ‐ should be applied? My goal is to show that although both techniques may be applicable to a treaty in a given case, the application of one or the other doctrine will have different consequences in the short and long term. In so doing, I will first expound the immediate effects of the techniques by examining them individually with an eye to their evidentiary criteria and their relative expansive potentialities. I shall then illustrate and compare their respective long term consequences, which I categorize as “vertical” (with respect to successive interpretations of the particular treaty in question) and “horizontal” (referring to effects on the interpretation of other treaties). Ultimately, I want to argue that neither means of interpretation is more appropriate across the board, and therefore the choice between the two techniques should be informed by the consideration of their consequences in light of the object and purpose of the particular treaty to be interpreted.

P3751The reinnrevation with pulmonary vein isolation associated cardiac autonomic dysfunction

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Kodama ◽  
T K Kikuchi ◽  
A Yoneyama
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Pulmonary Vein ◽  
Pulmonary Vein Isolation ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Holter Ecg ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background It is well-known that cardiac autonomic nerve is impaired after Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for atrial fibrillation (Af), but the the long-term change in cardiac autonomic function is unclear. Objective We followed the long-term cardiac autonomic nervous function after PVI and clarified its recoverability. Subjects Of 136 patients who received 1st session PVI from 2013 to 2017, 49 patients [Male: 86%, 62±11y, Diabetes meritus: 16%, radiofrequency (RF) ablation: 59%, cryoballoontechnique (Cryo): 41%, left atrial diameter: 37.2±4.5mm, LVEF: 67.4±9.7%, BNP: 103±108pg/dl]who satisfied the Inclusion criteria (No history of cardiac surgery, no recurrence of Afafter PVI for more than 1 year, with Holter ECG record of sinus rhythm before PVI and every 3 months after PVI for 1 year or more. Method Heart rate variability (HRV) parameters for each period (before PVI and after PVI 0–3 months, 3–6 months, 6–9 months, 9–12 months) were obtained from each Holter ECG records using MemCalcsystem. We defined the HRV before PVI as 100% and examined the rate of change for each HRV (see Figure) after PVI retrospectively. Result All of HRV indicators after PVI had been decreased significantly at 0–3 months after PVI (from 21.7% to maximum of 77.9% down). Figure is a series of indexes from front to back in order of decreasing HRV at 0–3 months after PVI, and the frequency domain index concentrates on the front. These decreased HRVs gradually recovered through 12 months after PVI (shown in figure left), but this change is more responsive in the frequency domain index than in the time-domain index, and after 3–6 months, all indices has already showed a significant rise compared with 0–3 months after PVI. In any of the indices, this increase over time did not receive interaction due to the difference in the procedure (RF, Cryo). Conclusion HRV decreased by PVI showed a significant rise over time, mainly in the frequency domain, at 3–6th month after PVI, suggesting the existence of reinnervation of cardiac autonomic nerve at this period.

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