scholarly journals Replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Exp. 1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua K. Hartshorne
Keyword(s):  
Word Segmentation ◽  
Distributional Cues ◽  
Larger Sample

I replicated Exp. 1 of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, of Memory and Language, 35, 606-621, after a prior, largely unsuccessful replication attempt (Garcia et al., 2017, Replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Exp. 1. PsyArXiv doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/QSYD2). The present replication corrected a randomization error in the prior replication and introduced attention checks to ensure that the participants were indeed attending to the stimuli. Despite this, and despite a much larger sample than the original (100 subjects vs. 24), evidence of successful segmentation was once again weak and mixed, and none of the item or condition effects replicated. I consider whether this is more likely to be a failure of replication or a failure of generalization (e.g., to a different population).

scholarly journals Replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Exp. 1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Garcia ◽  
Gina Iozzo ◽  
Katie Lamirato ◽  
James Ledoux ◽  
Jesse Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Word Segmentation ◽  
Distributional Cues ◽  
Larger Sample

We replicated Exp. 1 of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional Cues, Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 606-621, as part of a multi-year project to replicate every published adult statistical word segmentation study. Despite a much larger sample than the original (101 subjects vs. 24), evidence of successful segmentation was weak and mixed, and none of the item or condition effects replicated. We consider whether this is more likely to be a failure of replication or a failure of generalization (e.g., to a different population).

scholarly journals In-lab Replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation:The role of distributional cues, Exp. 1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua K. Hartshorne ◽  
Lauren Skorb
Keyword(s):  
Word Segmentation ◽  
Distributional Cues

These are the results for an in-lab replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 606-621. This replication follows an online replication of the same experiment (Hartshorne 2017, Replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Exp. 1. PsyArXiv doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/E5C64).

scholarly journals Word Segmentation: The Role of Distributional Cues

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny R. Saffran ◽  
Elissa L. Newport ◽  
Richard N. Aslin
Keyword(s):  
Word Segmentation ◽  
Distributional Cues

scholarly journals Fourth Replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Exp. 1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Xiang Choong ◽  
Tiwalayo Eisape ◽  
Shelby Grasso ◽  
Lisa Kurt ◽  
Celine Jia Rong Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Word Segmentation ◽  
Distributional Cues

These are the results for an online replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 606-621. This replication follows two online replications and an in-lab replication of the same experiment (Hartshorne 2017, Replication of Saffran, Newport, & Aslin (1996) Word segmentation: The role of distributional cues, Exp. 1. PsyArXiv doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/E5C64).

Effectiveness of psychological interventions to improve emotion regulation in youth - a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Moltrecht ◽  
Jessica Deighton ◽  
Praveetha Patalay ◽  
Julian Childs
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
What Works ◽  
Large Heterogeneity ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Research investigating the role of emotion regulation (ER) in the development and treatment of psychopathology has increased in recent years. Evidence suggests that an increased focus on ER in treatment can improve existing interventions. Most ER research has neglected young people, therefore the present meta-analysis summarizes the evidence for existing psychosocial intervention and their effectiveness to improve ER in youth. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-one randomized-control-trials (RCTs) assessed changes in ER following a psychological intervention in youth exhibiting various psychopathological symptoms.Results: We found moderate effect sizes for current interventions to decrease emotion dysregulation in youth (g=-.46) and small effect sizes to improve emotion regulation (g=0.36). Significant differences between studies including intervention components, ER measures and populations studied resulted in large heterogeneity. Conclusion: This is the first meta-analysis that summarizes the effectiveness for existing interventions to improve ER in youth. The results suggest that interventions can enhance ER in youth, and that these improvements correlate with improvements in psychopathology. More RCTs including larger sample sizes, different age groups and psychopathologies are needed to increase our understanding of what works for who and when.

The Effects of Testosterone on Cognition in Elderly Men: A Review

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 887-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew F. Warren ◽  
Michael J. Serby ◽  
David M. Roane
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Visuospatial Function ◽  
Androgen Depletion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Larger Sample

ABSTRACTIn this article, the literature examining the relationship between testosterone and various cognitive domains in elderly men is reviewed. The review focuses on the role of endogenous testosterone levels and the effects of androgen depletion and replacement. The cognitive domains most commonly linked to testosterone include memory and visuospatial function. Indeed, the literature suggests that in certain conditions (ie, hypogonadism, cognitive impairment) testosterone levels may be significantly associated with memory and visuospatial function, but not other cognitive functions. Studies with larger sample sizes and more sensitive cognitive measures are indicated, as questions remain about the potential role of testosterone as a cognitive enhancer.

scholarly journals Investigating Association of rs5918 Human Platelets Antigen 1 and rs1800790 Fibrinogen β Chain as Critical Players with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Karami ◽  
Maliheh Askari ◽  
Mohammad Modarressi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
P Value ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Β Chain ◽  
Larger Sample

Thrombophilia gene variants have been shown to be associated with higher risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Due to the role of human platelets antigen 1 (HPA-1) and fibrinogen β chain (FGB) as critical players in the coagulation process, their most important variants including rs5918 T > C and rs1800790 G > A were selected to be studied in women affected by RPL. Three milliliters of peripheral blood were drawn from 110 women with history of at least two consecutive spontaneous abortion and 110 healthy women controls. rs5918 T > C and rs1800790 G > A of HPA-1 and FGB genes, respectively, were selected to be analyzed through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR_RFLP) following DNA isolation using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit. Heterozygote genotype (TC) of HPA-1 gene rs5918 polymorphism was significantly associated with risk of RPL (p-value = 0.02). Although, rs1800790 G > A of FGB gene was not associated with RPL, its combination with rs5918 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of RPL. Owing to the critical roles of FGB and HPA-1 genes in coagulation, and thrombosis and several confinements on the meaningful association between the combination of those polymorphism with risk of RPL, including them in the thrombophilia panel may increase detection rate of hereditary thrombophilia patients. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are required to shed light on the exact role of the studied gene polymorphism, especially rs1800790 G > A of FGB gene variant in pathogenesis of RPL.

scholarly journals The Role Of The Academic Portfolio In Documenting Faculty Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Pinto Zipp ◽  
Susan Simpkins
Keyword(s):  
Faculty Development ◽  
Personnel Decisions ◽  
Larger Sample

The academic portfolio provides a means for faculty to organize, present and reflect on their accomplishments in the areas of teaching, scholarship and service. Since the portfolio represents faculty accomplishments in these key areas it may be used to support an application for promotion, tenure or merit reviews. Given this, it is important to identify faculty’s knowledge and perspectives on the structure and utility of the academic portfolio. Surveys were sent to faculty at Seton Hall University to gather information on what faculty know about academic portfolios and whether portfolios should be used for promotion/tenure or merit reviews. Results indicate that faculty understand the characteristics and organization of a portfolio, but are not certain about whether portfolios should be used for personnel decisions. The lack of objective criteria for evaluating portfolios may be a factor underlying this perspective. Further research using a larger sample is warranted.

scholarly journals The Role of Maternal Progesterone and Estradiol Levels in Predicting the Success of Induction of Labour: A Preliminary Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Kanadi Sumapraja ◽  
Hilda R Badruddin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Induction Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Objective: to evaluate whether maternal progesterone and estradiol levels could be used to predictthe success ofinduction of labour (IOL) Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Women’s Health Clinic as well as delivery suite of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the period of May 2016 to April 2017. Blood samples of term pregnant women who were indicated for IOL wereobtainedbefore birth. Results:A total 44 subject were recruited in this study.Of these, 24 subjects had successful IOL while the other 20 subjects had IOL failure. There was no significant difference of progesterone among both groups (66,7% vs 75%, p=0,55). The estradiol levels in subjects who successfully performed induction had an average of 16,916.28 ± 2,574.75 pg/mL which did not differ significantly from the failed of induction group with estradiol levels of 14,832.24 ± 2374.47 pg/mL (p = 0,65). Conclusion:We found no significant association between both maternal progesterone and estradiol levels and the success rate of IOL. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm whether progesterone and estradiol play pivotal roles in the success of IOL. Keywords: progesterone, estradiol, induction of labour   Tujuan: mengevaluasi kadar progesteron dan estradiol ibu sebagai prediktor kesuksesan induksi persalinan Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang yang berlangsung pada bulan Mei 2016 hingga April 2017 di Poliklinik dan IGD Kebidanan Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Rujukan Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo. Pasien hamil aterm yang dilakukan induksi persalinan dan memenuhi kriteria penelitian akan diambil sampel darah sebelum persalinan. Hasil: Dari 44 subjek yang mengikuti penelitian, 24 subjek berhasil dilakukan induksi persalinan dan 20 subjek gagal.Tidakterdapatperbedaanbermaknapadakadarprogesterone Antarakeduagrup(66,7% vs 75%, p=0,55). Kadar estradiol padapasien yang berhasildilakukaninduksimemiliki rata-rata 16.916,28 + 2.574,75pg/mL yang tidakberbedajauhdengankadar estradiol pasien yang gagalinduksiyaitu 14.832,24 + 2374,47pg/mL (p = 0,65). Kesimpulan: Tidakterdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar progesteron dan estradiol maternal terhadap keberhasilan induksi persalinan. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dibutuhkan untuk mengkonfirmasi hubungan ini dengan lebih baik. Kata kunci: progesteron, estradiol, induksi persalinan

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