scholarly journals Soil Excavation pH level Modification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Ubani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conditions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Soil Excavation ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

Territories are becoming new areas for conservationist replanting and forestation. Excavators are capable of producing entrainment s for new reservations. There lacks knowledge of soil conditions and methods of measurement of fertility of the developments. This research improves knowledge on the subject of excavations. To decide on territories which can be a best fit for excavations.

scholarly journals Revised soil erodibility K-factor for soils in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vopravil ◽  
M. Janeček ◽  
M. Tippl
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
K Factor ◽  
The Subject

In the territory of the Czech Republic there are more than 50% of agricultural soils exposed to water erosion; it is a very urgent problem both at present and for the future. It must be solved now when there is still something to be protected. It is rather complicated to describe the soil properties in terms of soil susceptibility to water erosion because it is a complex relation in which many factors participate. For the complex evaluation of all main factors participating in erosion origination it is possible to apply the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). It consists of six factors interacting with each other and participating in the origination of soil erosion. One of these factors is the soil erodibility factor (K-factor), the revision of which for soil conditions of the CR is the subject of this study. In total ca. 5000 soil pits from the whole territory of the country were processed and evaluated in detail. The main results of this study are K-factor values (means and variances) for the soil types, subtypes and varieties (represented in the database) according to the Taxonomic Classification System of Soils of the Czech Republic.

scholarly journals A new differential dilatometer for the determination of volume changes during solidification

1927 ◽  
Vol 115 (772) ◽  
pp. 554-570
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Linear Expansion ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Eutectic Alloys ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Hydrostatic Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Form ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

In recent years, the practical requirements of the metal industries have made it necessary to study the factors which govern the production of good castings. One of the most important of these factors is the change of volume which accompanies solidification. The experimental methods which have hitherto been used to determine this change have given discordant results, and it has seemed desirable to devise a new method, less liable to error. The new form of volumenometer which is the subject of this paper is intended to eliminate most of the errors inherent in the older methods. It has been applied to the measurement of the volume changes of two eutectic alloys, those of lead and tin and of tin and bismuth, the former of which contracts during solidification, whilst the latter shows a distinct expansion. The results indicate that the method is trustworthy. Previous Methods of Measurement . The older methods, which have been used for the experimental determination of the changes in volume, associated with the change in state of bodies, may be divided into the following classes:— ( a )The coefficients of expansion of the solid and liquid, over limited ranges of temperature, are measured and the volume change occurring at the melting point is found by extrapolation. The coefficient of expansion of the solid is found either by direct measurement of the linear expansion or deduced from measurements derived from some hydrostatic method in which Archimedes’ Principle is employed. The expansion of the liquid melt is inferred from observations on some dilatometric or hydrostatic method.

scholarly journals Influence of substrate pH on the growth and flowering of Mandevilla Lindl. Sundaville® ‘Pretty Red’

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kapczyńska ◽  
Katarzyna Magdziarz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
The World ◽  
Single Flower ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Substrate Ph

Abstract Sundaville is the brand name of a new collection of cultivars of the genus Mandevilla (syn. Dipladenia), with the potential to become a leading vine in the world horticultural market. The research was carried out in order to analyse the growth of Sundaville ‘Pretty Red’ at different values of substrate pH (4.0, 4.7, 5.3 and 5.5). The study shows that flowers appeared after more than six months irrespective of soil conditions. Plants cultivated at pH 4.0 had the longest leaves, but at the highest substrate pH the widest leaf laminae were observed. Regardless of the substrate pH, the diameter of a single flower remained the same. Plants cultivated at a pH lower than 5.0 produced more flower buds and more flowers in comparison with the plants exposed to the higher pH. Moreover, pH < 5.0 positively affected the number of stems. The soil pH did not only affect the growth, but also the health of the plants. The lowest pH level (4.0) caused adverse changes to the leaves.

Heritability of the Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2d:4d): A Twin Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon N. Paul ◽  
Bernet S. Kato ◽  
Lynn F. Cherkas ◽  
Toby Andrew ◽  
Tim D. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Variance Components Analysis ◽  
Fourth Finger ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Best Fit

AbstractThe second to fourth finger length ratio (2d:4d) has been the subject of much recent work and is thought to be related to diverse gender and hormone-related traits including sports ability, disease susceptibility, attractiveness and sexuality. It is established in utero and remains constant in adulthood. Familial clustering has been thought to contribute to the development of 2d:4d from early studies but no twin studies exploring heritability have been reported to date. In this study, a sample of 456 female twin pairs (148 monozygotic [MZ], 308 dizygotic [DZ]) aged 18 to 79 years was used to estimate the heritability of 2d:4d for the right and left hands. Finger lengths were derived from hand xrays. Variance components analysis was used to estimate and contrast genetic and environmental effects on this phenotype. The mean 2d:4d was 0.92 (SD = 0.001) for both hands. The MZ intraclass correlation was higher than in DZ (.66 vs. .35 for right 2d:4d, and .71 vs. .37 for left 2d:4d). The best fit model included additive polygenic and unique environmental effects (‘AE’ model), with no significant common environmental effects detected. Heritability was estimated to be approximately 66% for 2d:4d (95% confidence interval 0.5–0.78). These results suggest a substantial genetic contribution to the determination of this hormonally related skeletal ratio in women, which could be more influential than the effects of common prenatal environmental factors. However the current study design does not preclude the possibility of confounding between heritability estimates and unobserved prenatal effects.

scholarly journals III. Photochemical researches.—Part V. On the measurement of the chemical action of direct and diffuse sunlight

1863 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Chemical Action ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

In one of the four communications which the authors have already had the honour of presenting to the Royal Society on the subject of the measurement of the chemical action of light, the attempt was made to determine experimentally the laws regulating the distribution of the chemical action of the sunlight and diffuse daylight on the surface of the earth when the sky is perfectly unclouded and the atmosphere clear. The methods of measurement there employed do not, unfortunately, apply to the much more usually occurring case of cloudy skies and hazy atmosphere.

Review of construction journals on causes of project cost overruns

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdar Durdyev
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Number Of Citations

PurposeThe study investigates the causes of project cost overruns (COs) that have been reported in the construction-management-related articles since 1985.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the aim and provide recommendations to avoid project COs, 48 selected journal articles were reviewed and assessed with regard to the countries, institutions and researchers that have contributed to the subject.FindingsThe review of the articles shows that the subject has attracted a considerable attention from the researchers worldwide. However, the problem mainly occurred in developing countries and the researchers drew the attention on the resource-related, economic/financial as well as political problems. While 79 causes of COs were identified, the top ten causes of project COs, which have received the highest number of citations by the reviewed articles, were presented and discussed. These causes are: design problems and incomplete design, inaccurate estimation, poor planning, weather, poor communication, stakeholder's skill, experience and competence, financial problems/poor financial management, price fluctuations, contract management issues and ground/soil conditions.Research limitations/implicationsThe study findings have several implications, which are not only for the academic world, but also for the construction front line. For scholars, the study provides a list of project COs that the researchers in the area could benefit for their future studies. The industry practitioners could find ways to improve project cost performance by giving attention to the causative factors that are significantly affecting construction projects and investing their resources and efforts towards the most occurred ones.Originality/valueThus, this study provides insight into the research output on the subject and a checklist of COs, which is believed to provide a better understanding of significant areas requiring attention where steps should be taken to minimize or control factors causing COs in construction projects.

Influence of Mix Proportions on Water Absorption of RCA Concretes

2016 ◽  
Vol 722 ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Roman Jaskulski ◽  
Paweł Las ◽  
Wojciech Kubissa
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Good Agreement

The subject of the work is to develop probabilistic models defining the water absorption of concretes made ​​with the use of recycled aggregate (RCA). For the study 16 series of concrete mixtures were made with a 50 mass% share of recycled aggregate in the whole amount of coarse aggregate. The analysis of test results aimed at formulating a relationship between water absorption value and selected parameters of the composition of concretes. The objective was to find a model giving the best fit between calculated values and test results. Formulated models were then used in probabilistic modeling absorption using a Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicate a good agreement of the mean values of water absorption and possibility of good fitting of the standard deviation if an additional summand is introduced into the model.

General Form Tolerance Evaluation Using Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Tzong Yau ◽  
Kuei-Wu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Data ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Turbine Wheel ◽  
B Splines ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Form Tolerance ◽  
Modern Manufacturing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Form Features ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract Tolerance evaluation is critical to quality assurance in modern manufacturing. In contrast to traditional measurement which relies on specific hard gauges, coordinate measuring machines provide more flexibility for dimensional measurement and tolerance evaluations. To fully automate CMM inspection and tolerance evaluation, CAD/CMM integration is an important key. Although the subject of CAD-directed inspection has been widely researched, CAD model-based tolerance evaluation has received less attention. This paper presents a CAD model-based approach for evaluating general form tolerances using non-uniform rational B-splines. Unlike classical methods which construct substitute geometric features from the measurement data, this method evaluates form tolerances by comparing the measurement data with a nominal CAD model. Nonuniform rational B-splines (NURBS) is used to represent general form features since NURBS offers a common format for modeling precisely all the different form features. With this unified database, a general best-fit algorithm is developed that can be applied to the evaluation of various form tolerances. Computer simulations have been performed on different form features to study the robustness and efficiency of the algorithm. Application to the measurement of turbine wheel die segment is also presented.

scholarly journals IX. On a failure of the law in photography that when the products of the intensity of the light acting and of the time of exposure are equal, equal amounts of chemical action will be produced

1894 ◽  
Vol 54 (326-330) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Action ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

It has been generally assumed that when the products of the intensity of light acting on a sensitive surface and the time of exposure are equal similar amounts of chemical action are produced, and with the ordinary exposures and intensities of light employed such, no doubt, is practically the case, and any methods of measurement hitherto practicable have been insufficiently delicate to discover any departure from this law, if such departure existed. In some recent experiments however, I have discovered that this law breaks down under certain conditions, and I think the fact worthy the attention of those interested in the subject, since it is possible that these conditions may arise with other experimenters.

scholarly journals Reversibility of Assets of Concessionaires of Local Fixed Telephony considering the Theory of Responsive Regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-126
Author(s):  
Alexandre Pereira Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
The Public ◽  
Normative Framework ◽  
Telecommunications Sector ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Responsive Regulation ◽  
Best Fit

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to investigate whether the reversal to the public domain of assets owned by the current service provider, in the context of concession of public telecommunications service, is still the only, or even better, way to achieve the objectives it aims, especially the continuity of the service, in relation to the theoretical framework of Ayres and Braithwaite’s Theory of Responsive Regulation. Methodology/approach/design – The research will consider the structuring statutes of the telecommunications sector, the secondary norms produced by Anatel, as well as national and foreign literature on the subject. Findings – After analyzing the doctrinal and normative framework on the subject of reversible assets in the telecommunications sector in light of the Responsive Theory of Regulation, it is believed that it will be possible to discern solutions that best fit the analyzed Theory, and there are many arguments against the preservation of the current model, which does not incorporate adequate regulatory modeling to address the issue.

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