scholarly journals ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ МЕТЕОРОЛОГІЧНИХ ФАКТОРІВ НА ВРОЖАЙНІСТЬ ОЗИМИХ КУЛЬТУР В УМОВАХ ПІВНІЧНОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ЛУГАНСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

2012 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
О. Р. Зубов ◽  
Л. Г. Зубова ◽  
Ю. В. Славгородська
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Correlation Dependence ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Crop Capacity

На прикладі типового аграрного підприємствапівночі Луганської області здійснено комплекснийаналіз кліматичних факторів і продуктивностіаграрних ландшафтів. У результаті дослідженьвизначено математико-статистичні моделі коре-ляційної залежності врожайності озимих культурвід метеорологічних факторів за 36-річний період.Установлено, що для пшениці озимої найбільшвпливовими метеорологічними факторами є кіль-кість опадів червня, вересня і травня; для житаозимого – кількість опадів червня, вересня і квітня. In the article the complex analysis of climate factors andproductivity of agricultural landscapes is carried out at thetypical agricultural enterprise in the north of Lugansk Regionhaving taken as an example. Mathematical and statisticalmodels of correlation dependence of crop capacity for wintercrops upon weather factors for the 36-year period are defined asa result of the investigations. The most influential weatherfactors for winter wheat are determined to be the quantity ofprecipitation in June, September and May; for winter rye – thequantity of precipitation in June, September and April.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ УРОЖАЙНОСТІ ОЗИМОЇ ПШЕНИЦІ ВІД ВПЛИВУ МЕТЕОРОЛОГІЧНИХ ФАКТОРІВ В УМОВАХ ЗОНИ ЛІСОСТЕПУ

2017 ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Г. П. Довгаль
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Crop Capacity ◽  
The Impact

У статті на прикладі типових аграрних підприємств зони Лісостепу здійснено комплексний аналіз кліматичних факторів і продуктивності агроекосистем. У результаті досліджень встановлено кореляційну залежність урожайності озимої пшениці від окремих кліматичних чинників за 20-річний період (1997–2016 рр.). За визначеними математичними моделями були побудовані графіки функцій, які дають змогу прогнозувати рівень урожайності культури за різного впливу кліматичних факторів. Установлено, що для пшениці озимої найвагомішими метеорологічними факторами є кількість опадів  травня і червня, а також запаси продуктивної вологи в 20 см шарі ґрунту у квітні та травні. In the article the complex analysis of climatic factors and productivity of agro-ecosystems was made by the example of typical Forest-Steppe zones of agricultural enterprises. The studies found the correlation dependence of crop capacity of winter wheat yield of some climatic factors for the 20-year period (1997–2016). By certain mathematical models the graphics features that enable us to predict the level of productivity of various crops by the impact of climate factors were built. It is found that the most significant meteorological factors for winter wheat are rainfalls in May and June, and productive moisture reserves in the soil layer 20 cm in April and May.

INFLUENCE OF DATE OF SEEDING ON YIELD AND OTHER AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF WINTER WHEAT AND RYE GROWN IN SASKATCHEWAN

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. FOWLER
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Significant Trial ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Optimum Period

Four wheat and two rye cultivars were seeded at 2-wk intervals between 1 Aug. and 15 Oct. in five summer-fallow and two stubble-seeded trials at three locations in the north-central part of the agricultural area of Saskatchewan. Averaged over 3 yr, the optimum dates for planting both winter wheat and rye were between 15 Aug. and 1 Sept. Seeding earlier than this usually resulted in reduced yield and lower 1000-kernel weight. Later seeding usually resulted in a yield reduction, delayed heading, later maturity and reduced hectoliter weight. Reduced height in rye and reduced 1000-kernel weight in wheat were also associated with delayed seeding dates. However, exceptions to these generalizations did occur with the result that a significant trial by date of seeding interaction was recorded for all characters measured. For the optimum period for seeding, rye cultivars were higher yielding, earlier heading and maturing, taller and had lower 1000-kernel and hectoliter weight than winter wheat cultivars.Key words: Winter wheat, winter rye, yield, seeding date, maturity

SCREENING OF WHEAT LR-GENES FOR RESISTANCE TO PUCCINIA TRITICINA IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS REGION CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
G. V. Volkova ◽  
O. A. Kudinova ◽  
O. F. Vaganova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Lr Genes ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
The North ◽  
Wheat Rust

Currently, more than 70 wheat rust resistance genes are known, but few of them are effective. The purpose of this work is to screen lines of Lr gene carriers for resistance to leaf rust under conditions of the North Caucasus region. Investigations were carried out in 2016-2018 at the infectious site of VNIIBZR. Research material was 49 near isogenic lines of winter wheat cultivar Thatcher. Infectious material was the combined populations of P. triticina, obtained as a result of route surveys of industrial and breeding crops of winter wheat in the areas of the Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories and the Rostov Region, conducted in 2016-2018. According to the assessment, the genes are ranked as follows: - highly efficient genes (plants with no signs of damage): Lr9, Lr42, Lr43 + 24 and Lr50; effective (1R-5R) Lr genes: 19, 24, 29, 36, 37, 38, 45, 47; moderately effective (10MR-20MR) Lr genes: 17, 18, 21, 22a, 28, 32, 41, 52. The remaining Lr-lines were susceptible to P. triticina (25 MR - 90S) to varying degrees. Highly efficient and effective genes Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr29, Lr38, Lr42, Lr43 + 24, Lr47 and Lr50 showed resistance in the seedling phase and can be recommended for inclusion in breeding programs to protect wheat from leaf rust in different phases of plant ontogenesis in the North Caucasus region.

scholarly journals The water-saving potential of using micro-sprinkling irrigation for winter wheat production on the North China Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1687-1700
Author(s):  
Li-chao ZHAI ◽  
Li-hua LÜ ◽  
Zhi-qiang DONG ◽  
Li-hua ZHANG ◽  
Jing-ting ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain

scholarly journals Resistance of winter wheat varieties to tan spot in the North Caucasus region of Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Yu. Kremneva ◽  
Nina V. Mironenko ◽  
Galina V. Volkova ◽  
Olga A. Baranova ◽  
Yuri S. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

scholarly journals Does Crop Rotation Enhance Groundwater Health? A Review of the Winter Wheat Fallow Policy in the North China Plain

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2416
Author(s):  
Ming Lei ◽  
Yuqian Zhang ◽  
Yuxuan Dang ◽  
Xiangbin Kong ◽  
Jingtao Yao
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
The World ◽  
Shallow Groundwater Level

Agricultural water management is a vital component of realizing the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals because of water shortages worldwide leading to a severe threat to ecological environments and global food security. As an agro-intensified irrigation area, the North China Plain (NCP) is the most important grain basket in China, which produces 30%–40% of the maize and 60%–80% of the wheat for China. However, this area has already been one of the largest groundwater funnels in the world due to long-term over-exploitation of groundwater. Due to the low precipitation during the growing period, winter wheat requires a large amount of groundwater to be pumped for irrigation, which consumes 70% of the groundwater irrigation. To alleviate the overexploitation of groundwater, the Chinese government implemented the Winter Wheat Fallow Policy (WWFP) in 2014. The evaluation and summarization of the WWFP will be beneficial for improving the groundwater overexploitation areas under high-intensity irrigation over all the world. So far, there have been few attempts at estimating the effectiveness of this policy. To fill this gap, we assessed the planting area of field crops and calculated the evapotranspiration of crops based on remote-sensed and meteorological data in the key area—Hengshui. We compared the agricultural water consumption before and after the implementation of this policy, and we analyzed the relationship between changes in crop planting structure and groundwater variations based on geographically weighted regression. Our results showed the overall classification accuracies for 2013 and 2015 were 85.56% and 82.22%, respectively. The planting area of winter wheat, as the most reduced crop, decreased from 35.71% (314,053 ha) in 2013 to 32.98% (289,986 ha) in 2015. The actual reduction in area of winter wheat reached 84% of the target (26 thousand ha) of the WWFP. The water consumption of major crops decreased from 2.98 billion m3 of water in 2013 to 2.83 billion m3 in 2015, a total reduction of 146 million m3, and 88.43% of reduced target of the WWFP (166 million m3). The planting changes of winter wheat did not directly affect the change of shallow groundwater level, but ET was positively related to shallow groundwater level and precipitation was negatively related to shallow groundwater levels. This study can provide a basis for the WWFP’s improvement and the development of sustainable agriculture in high-intensity irrigation areas.

scholarly journals Ecologically safe methods for presowing treatment of cereal seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-207
Author(s):  
V. V. Bezpal'ko ◽  
L. V. Zhukova ◽  
S. V. Stankevich ◽  
Yu. H. Ogurtsov ◽  
I. I. Klymenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Extremely High Frequency ◽  
Presowing Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Crop Capacity

We analyzed various sources of scientific literature and our data at the experimental field of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences Plant Growing Institute named after V.Ya. Yuryev within 2010-2013. The irradiation of winter wheat and spring barley seeds with the electromagnetic fields of the extremely high frequencies (MWF of EHF) was carried out with the help of the equipment of the Kharkiv Technical University of Radio Electronics. The treatment of seeds with the microwave oscillations of the extremely high frequency electromagnetic field (MWF of EHF) that is widely used for the operation of many radio and home microwave devices was done at the frequency range of 2.5-3.4 GHz, at the power of 0.9-1.8 kW for 5-95 seconds per 1 kg of seeds. The sowing quality of the seeds before and after treatment was determined in accordance with the current State Standard of Ukraine 4138-2002 in the laboratory of the seed production and seed science of the Plant Growing Institute named after V.Ya. Yuryev. The field experiments were performed in the crop rotation laboratory of the seed production and seed science. Pea for grain was sown before spring barley and the black fallow preceded winter wheat. During the experiments the area of the studied plot was 20 m2, the recurrence was four-times, and the placement of the plots were systemic.We suggested the optimum regimes of seeds irradiation with the microwave field of an extremely high frequency (MWF of EHF). They should be at range of 2.4-3.4 GHz with the power consumption of 0.9 kW per 1 kg of seed and at exposure of 45 seconds of 1.8 kW per 1 kg of seeds and exposure of 15-20 seconds. Such regimes cause the increased energy of germination, seeds sprouting, and crop capacity. We proposed to use this solution for improving and increasing the ecological features of winter wheat and spring barley by using the presowing microwave irradiation of seeds instead of chemical treatment. We considered the complex presowing treatment of seeds with MWF of EHF in combination with the plant growth regulators should be adopted and further enhanced.

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