scholarly journals Inheritance of productivity elements and their transgressive variation in bread winter wheat hybrids derived from crossing varieties-carriers of wheat-rye translocations

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (0) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
N. S. Dubovyk ◽  
O. V. Humeniuk ◽  
V. V. Kyrylenko ◽  
H. B. Volohdina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rye Translocations ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

Combining ability and gene action studies for yield-contributing traits in crosses involving winter and spring wheat genotypes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
H. Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

The success of winter × spring wheat hybridization programmes depends upon the ability of the genotypes of these two physiologically distinct ecotypes to combine well with each other. Hence the present investigation was undertaken to study the combining ability and nature of gene action for various morpho-physiological and yield-contributing traits in crosses involving winter and spring wheat genotypes. Five elite and diverse genotypes each of winter and spring wheat ecotypes and their F 1 (spring × spring, winter × winter and winter × spring) hybrids, generated in a diallel mating design excluding reciprocals, were evaluated in a random block design with three replications. Considerable variability was observed among the spring and winter wheat genotypes for all the traits under study. Furthermore, these traits were highly influenced by the winter and spring wheat genetic backgrounds, resulting in significant differences between the spring × spring, winter × winter and winter × spring wheat hybrids for some of the traits. The winter × spring wheat hybrids were observed to be the best with respect to yieldcontributing traits. On the basis of GCA effects, the spring wheat parents HPW 42, HPW 89, HW 3024, PW 552 and UP 2418 and the winter wheat parents Saptdhara, VWFW 452, W 10 and WW 24 were found to be good combiners for the majority of traits. These spring and winter wheat parents could be effectively utilized in future hybridization programmes for wheat improvement. Superior hybrid combinations for one or more traits were identified, all of which involved at least one good general combiner for one or more traits in their parentage, and can thus be exploited in successive generations to develop potential recombinants through various breeding strategies. Genetic studies revealed the preponderance of additive gene action for days to flowering, days to maturity and harvest index, and non-additive gene action for the remaining six traits.

scholarly journals Influence of technological methods of growing on the anatomy-morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat in conditions of the right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

1970 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
V.A. Mazur ◽  
H.V. Pantsyreva ◽  
Y.M. Kopytchuk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Wheat Hybrids ◽  
The Right

Purpose. Study of the anatomical and morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat hybrids depending on fertilization backgrounds and seeding rates in agrocenoses of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe natural zone of Ukraine. Methods. Observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, forecast, field experiment. Results. The study of the dynamics of formation and functioning of the anatomical and morphological structure of the stem of winter wheat plants was carried out. The influence of the background without fertilizers and against the background of their increased level of application on the length of internodes (1-3) of stems in winter wheat agrocenoses was studied. It has been proven that seeding rates significantly influenced the length of the internodes. The influence of the background of mineral nutrition and seeding rates on the main anatomical and morphological parameters of winter wheat stems, in particular, the thickness of the stem and ring of mechanical tissue, the number and diameter of vascular-fibrous bundles was studied. It was found that the strength of the straw is largely determined by the number of vascular-fibrous bundles, as well as their diameter. It was the biggest on the variants with the increased fertilization background. It is noted that anatomical and morphological studies are needed in order to ensure the development of a more durable straw, which determines high resistance to lodging at a seeding rate of 3 and 1.5 million seeds/ha. Conclusions. On the basis of the conducted studies, it was found that the soil and climatic conditions of the years of the study and the factors that were studied have a direct influence on the anatomical and morphological parameters of wheet. At the same time, the best conditions for the maximum realization of the potential of the Patros hybrid of winter wheat plants were created in the experimental variants with a seeding rate of 3 and 1.5 million seeds/ha, ensuring the development of a more durable straw, which led to a high resistance to lodging.

Cytological identification of 1B/1R wheat-rye translocations in winter wheat breeding lines

Euphytica ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lane Rayburn ◽  
Brett F. Carver
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Rye Translocations

HMW-GS composition and rye translocations of U.S. eastern soft winter wheat and their associations with protein strength

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 102799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyun Ma ◽  
Jieun Kim ◽  
Eunjin Cho ◽  
Gina Brown-Guedira ◽  
Chul Soo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Rye Translocations ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

scholarly journals Analyses of a few physiological parameters of hybrid wheat in the case of different nitrogen supply levels

2016 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
László Kiss ◽  
László Zsombik ◽  
Szilvia Veres
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Wheat Hybrids ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Nitrogen Supplies

The winter wheat is one of the most determinant crops because its role was always important in human’s life. To increase the average yield there are several possibilities, which are still not clear fields of agricultural plant production. Our main goal was to examine the responses of winter wheat genotypes to different amounts of nitrogen supplies. The sowing area of hybrid wheats are increasing, they may have different nutrient nitrogen utilization compared to varieties, and the question arose if it is possible to achieve same yield at lower nitrogen fertilizer application or not. The present study analyzes the results of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from tillering growing stage. Under controlled conditions three different wheat hybrids were grown (Hywin, Hystar, Hybiza) with two different amounts of nitrogen supplies (optimal and the fourth part). The dry matter accumulation, relative chlorophyll content and nitrogen content were measured in order to draw conclusions from the different supplies of nitrogen for winter wheat genotypes and their physiological plasticity.

scholarly journals Identification of winter common wheat samples of Kharkiv breeding by protein markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Z. Usova ◽  
O.Y. Leonov ◽  
N.O. Kozub ◽  
I.O. Sozinov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Electrophoretic Patterns ◽  
Rye Translocations ◽  
Promising Line

Aim. Identification of new winter wheat breeding material developed in Kharkiv by electrophoretic patterns of storage proteins to select the most promising lines. Methods. Protein fractionation was performed by APAG- and SDS-electrophoresis. Results. The genotypes of winter wheat samples of the competitive variety trial at seven storage protein loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1, Gli-D1, Gli-A3, Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 were studied. We identified eight alleles at the Gli-A1 locus, seven at Gli-B1, five at Gli-D1, four at Gli-A3, five at Glu-B1, three at Glu-A1, and two at Glu-D1. Most of the identified alleles are typical for Ukrainian winter wheat varieties. Along with them, theree were lines with introgressed alleles marking for the wheat-rye translocations 1AL/1RS and 1BL/1RS. The biotype of the line Erythrospermum 484-19 carries an introgressed allele from Ae. tauschii at the Gli-D1 locus. Conclusions. According to field and laboratory trials of samples, there were neither significant advantages nor disadvantages of lines with wheat-rye translocations compared to lines without translocations (typical for the East Forest-Steppe zone). The promising line of the use of the 1AL/RS or 1BL/RS translocations (carrying disease resistance genes) is their coupling with the allele Glu-B1al associated with high grain quality. Keywords: winter wheat, storage proteins, alleles, translocations.

scholarly journals The efficiency of androgenesis in vitro in anther culture of soft wheat winter varieties and their different generations hybrids

1970 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
M. S. Boiko ◽  
H. O. Dobrova ◽  
S. V. Ahafonova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Culture In Vitro ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Hybrids

Aim. To estimate the level of in vitro haploproduction androgenic ability of different generations populations (F1, F2) soft winter wheat hybrids of the same combination to maximize the use of biotechnology cereals. Methods. Obtaining of bread wheat double haploid lines by anther culture in vitro. The statistical methods. Results. The influence different generation of wheat hybrids on the processes of induction and regeneration in anther culture of winter bread wheat were studied. The 21 green plants-regenerants were received. Conclusions. The using of anthers of the second generation simple hybrids as donor material for the effective technology creation of doubled haploid of bread winter wheat was shown.Keywords: wheat, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration, generation simple hybrids.

scholarly journals Combinative ability by weight of seed from plants of winter wheat cultivars with wheat-rye translocations without them of the north-eastern Forest-steppe of Ukraine

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
V. A. Vlasenko ◽  
O. M. Bakumenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Rye Translocations ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Aim. The aim was to study combinative ability of winter wheat – carriers of wheat-rye translocations by of weight seed from plants to determine their breeding values and model the possibility of valuable generations selection. Methods. Studies were conducted using field, laboratory and mathematical-statistical methods. Results. The highly significant effects of both general combinative ability and specific combinative ability of studied varieties by of weight seed from plants are found out with the disperse analysis. Conclusions. By weight of grains from plants the sources of steady high general and specific combinatve abilities are distinguished: effects general combinatve abilities – Smuhlyanka, Rozkishna; effects specific combinatve abilities – Smuhlyanka / Myronivs’ka rann’ostygla, Rozkishna / Myronivs’ka rann’ostygla, Rozkishna / Remeslivna, Remeslivna / Epoha odeska, Myronivs’ka rann’ostygla / Rozkishna, Kryzhynka / Rozkishna. The mentioned above cultivars are recommended to be involved in hybridization under conditions of Forest-steppe of Ukraine to improve the studied feature. Keywords: winter wheat, wheat-rye translocations, combinative ability, weight seeds from plant.

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