scholarly journals DURABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF LIFETIME USE OF RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Polupan ◽  
Yu. F. Melnik ◽  
О. D. Biriukova ◽  
M. M. Peredriy
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Parent Groups ◽  
Related Group ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Use

The study was conducted on 325 cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy and Holstein breeds of the herd of the farm “Khristinovske”. These cows were descended from 28 bulls of 12 lines and related groups. A sufficiently high level of indicators of the duration and effectiveness of lifetime use of cows was established. The average life expectancy of the cows under control was 2750, economic use was 1711, and lactation was 1459 days. An average of 26221 kg of milk, 1097 kg of milk fat and 889 kg of protein were obtained from cows in lifetime (3.63 lactations). On average, 8.7 kg was milked per day of life from cows, on day of economic use – 14.6 kg, on day of lactation –17.2 kg. Received 657, 1030 and 122 g of milk fat and protein, respectively. On average, the coefficient of economic use rate was 58.5%, the lactation rate was 85.6%, and productive use was 49.9%. For most of the studied features of the duration and effectiveness of lifetime use, multidirectional and low interspecific differentiation were established. Holstein cows had the same cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breeds as expectancy of life, economic use, and lactation. Cows of the Holstein breed were dominated by cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy for milk fat and protein yield for one day of life, economic use, lactation and lactation rate. In animals of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed with increasing conditional bloodiness by Holstein, duration and effectiveness of lifetime use varied curvilinearly. For the most part, the cows group with 87.5% conditional bloodiness by Holstein had the advantage. A certain level of intergroup differentiation is established by the genetic factors of cows' lineage or related group and father parentage. For the most signes of duration and effectiveness of lifetime use are characterized by the better indicators animals of the P. F. A. Chief 1427381 related group and the genealogical line of R. Citation 267150, and by the worse indicators – P. Astronaut 1458744 line. In some cases, the intergroup difference reaches a significant level (up to P < 0.05). Of the half-sisters by parent groups, the daughters of Tumpi 112367468, Vize 660013269, and Roman 660886883 had the highest prevalence and effectiveness of lifetime use, and the worst were the descendants of Y. J. Gladiator 5840283 and Voron 3206. A dispersion analysis confirmed the genetic predisposition of the phenotypic variability of the studied traits of the duration and effectiveness of economic use of cows. On average, by all counted signs, linear membership determines 6.0% of the total phenotypic variability, and parentage from father – 12.1%. Therefore, when selecting the sires, their linear identity should be taken into account with the unconditional priority of the breeding value of the bulls according to the complex breeding index.

scholarly journals THE BREEDING AND ECONOMIC VALUES OF RELATED LEADER 1926780 GROUP BULLS IN UKRAINIAN RED AND WHITE DAIRY BREED

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
А. P. Кrugliak ◽  
О. D. Birukova ◽  
Т. О. Кrugliak ◽  
О. V. Кrugliak ◽  
N. H. Cherniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Related Group ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Domestic Breeding

The results of breeding and economic value of related group Leader 1926780 bulls, which are used in Ukrainian red and white dairy breed of cattle are given an account. It has been determined, that the bulls of this group keep the breeding value at complex of milk productivity traits on high level during 8–11 years and well transfer these traits by inheritance to the native offspring. The initial breeding value for the daughter`s milk productivity of bulls of foreign selection was +400 – +1406 and domestic – +748 and +1261 kg. Along with a high level of breeding value the bulls of this related group are characterized by high contents of fat and protein in milk. Thus, the fat content in milk of the daughters of bulls (10 heads), which ware estimated in Germany, was at the level of 4.16–4.55% and protein content – 3.28–3.53%. The pedigree value of bulls by these traits ware +0.10 – +0.59 and +0.02 – +0.35% and exceeds the standard of Ukrainian red and white dairy breed on 12.5–30.0 and 9.1% respectively. Typical, that the bulls of domestic breeding inherit high fat content in milk (breeding value is +0.02 – +0.18%) and protein (+0.02 – +0.15%). During a long-term using, the breeding value of all bulls is decreasing annually due to increasing the level of genetic trend of milk productivity in herds, remains at a positive level and provides improvement of the animals of the breeding herds in which they are used, according to the complex of breeding traits. The milk productivity of the 15 first-born cows-daughters of bull Golf, for 305 days of lactation in the state enterprise "Gontarivka" constituted 6113 kg with 4.03% fat and 3.33% protein, while in the "Agrosvit" breeding plant from each of 41 first-born Golf`s cows was obtained at 6893 kg of milk with 4.01% fat content and 3.38% protein.The breeding value of this bull is +526 kg milk, +0.31% fat and +0.28% protein, which prevails breed standard for milk yield on 91–115; fat content 8.3–9.0; and protein by 0.1–2.4% respectively. The bull Konbeo Red DE 579810507 was used simultaneously with the Jornado Red DE 114386106, whose breeding value was +1100 kg +0.02% +42 kg +0.0 +33 kg at the farm «Kolos» breeding plant in the Vinnitsa region. The milk productivity of the Konbeo daughters during the first two lactations exceeded the compararies at 334–392 kg of milk, the fat content +0.03 – +0.04 and the protein at +0.02–0.04%. Among the bulls of domestic breeding should be noted Agrus Red UA 320080992043, was estimated in 2015 SI +706 (94 d. – 8739 kg – 3.96% fat – 347 kg of milk fat; 3.17% protein and 277 kg of protein). The breeding value was: +744 kg – +0.18% +44 kg +0.02% and +18 kg. The economic efficiency of using the bulls-improvers of the complex traits of the related group Leader's 1926780 dependent from the level of the breeding value of the bull and the number of received daughters and varied from 223.2 to 1361.8 thousand UAH. According to the number of animals, genealogical structure, level of the influence to the breed`s consolidation, it is possible use wide this group of bulls in the breeding herds of the Ukrainian red and white dairy breed and to create new bloodline with high content fat and protein in milk.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE FAMILY FOR GENEALOGICAL STRUCTURE OF VOLYN BEEF OF CATTLE

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 82-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ye. Pochukalin
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
The Family ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Economic Use

One of the ways of increasing level of animal economically useful traits is selection work with farm families. In pedigree cattle breeding of Ukraine families are a statistical component of breed genealogy. Among the main scientific works on working with families, it should be noted minimum number of female ancestors, proposed by D. T. Vinnichuk, to determine the breeding value, different categories, classification and techniques for evaluating related groups of females. The aim of our research was to analyse importance of farm families for genealogical structure of the breed. The research was on basis of data of primary breeding records at the herd of Volyn Beef cattle of “Zorya” breeding farm, Kovel district, Volyn region. Akula 102, Galka 37 and Galka 1537 families belonging to Krasavchyk 3004 bloodline, Smorodyna 613, Korona 2382 and Visla 1016 families – Tsebryk 3888 bloodline, Kalyna 212, Verba 1536 and Garna 536 families – Yamb 3066 bloodlines, Kazka 433, Galka 421 and Bystra 1124 families – Buinyi 3042 bloodline, Rozetka 1313, Arfa 599 and Bulana 943 families – Sonnyi-Kaktus 3307-9828 bloodline, and Palma 275, Desna 870 and Veselka 444 families – Mudryi 9100 bloodline were characterized. Belonging to a bloodline was determined by the father's side of female ancestors. Structural units of families: branches, branching with identifying the best individuals on breeding traits were submitted to identify the best combinations and successful use of closely related breeding. Comparing assessment of related groups of females on the main breeding traits belonging to Krasavchyk 3004 bloodline, it was noted that the cows of Akula 102 family predominated in live weight at 5 years’ age, milk ability and economic use duration, whereas the cows of Galka 1537 family – on traits of reproductive ability. Smorodyna 613 family of Tsebryk 3888 bloodline had high duration of economic use and cows’ live weight at 5 years’ age compared with Korana 2382 and Visla 1016 families with equal values of the exterior traits (height measures) and coefficient of reproductive ability. The families of Mudryi 9100 bloodline in terms of reproduction (calving interval, coefficient of reproductive ability) had the highest figures of cows’ milk ability and live weight. The cows of Bulana 943 family had a considerable predominance over representatives of Rozetka 1313 and Arfa 599 families of Sonnyi-Kaktus 3307-9828 bloodline by main economically useful traits. High indices of reproductive ability were noted in these families. Heifers of the families of Buinyi 3042 bloodline had high live weight at 18 months’ age at average values of milk ability and cows’ live weight at 5 years’ age. More equal figures of growth rate, exterior and economic use duration were observed in the cows of Kalyna 212, Verba 1536 and Garna 536 families of Yamb 3066 bloodline. Breeding by families in beef cattle breeding is an important element of selection, because it allows to evaluate not only related group of female ancestor, but also to analyse a successful combination with lines and purposeful use of closely related breeding by the best representatives of a breed.

scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF THE ECONOMIC USE AND LIFETIME PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED DEPENDING ON THE REASONS OF THEIR DISPOSAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Shulyar
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Reproductive Capability ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Dairy Breed

An important selection peculiarity of dairy cows is their productive longevity. Besides, the indicators of cow productivity along with genetic potential are the most important criteria of the economic efficiency of their use. Low or not sufficient level of lifetime productivity indicators and of the period of the economic use of cows determine the necessity of monitoring of the selection information according to these indicators in the breed herds as well as the of using corresponding selection methods for their improvement. The goal of our research was the estimation of an economic use of lifetime cow productivity of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed depending on the reasons of their disposal from the herd and genotype. The research was conducted at a private agrarian firm (PAF) «Yerchyky» Zhytomyr oblast according to the data of breeding and productive use of 497 cows which were disposed from the herd on different reasons. The reasons for the cow disposal were determined according to the veterinary disposal acts. The indicators of cow economic use and lifetime productivity were determined on the ground of the term of rearing, life duration, term of economic use, amount of lactations, the total duration of lactation period, milk yields, milk yield per one lactation day, per life, and per economic use. Statistical processing was performed by means of Microsoft Excel software kit using the methods of variation statistics. As follows from the results of the research, in the process of holsteinization the dynamics of the parameters of the economic use of cows is characterized by curvilineal type: as follows from the heterotic effect they increased in animals with an conditional share of genetic heredity of Holstein breed from 50 and 62.5 to 75%, and then when the genetic heredity share of the improved breed increased by more than 75% they got worse due to the contradiction “genotype-environment”. At the same time within the determined genotypes (1st group-up to 50%, 5th group-87.6–100%) the indicators of lifetime productivity increase in case of 66% of reliable results. Besides, the interconnection level of the indices of lifetime use of the dairy cows of different genotypes has been studied. The criteria of the significance of the correlation coefficients according to Student has been used. The closer the linkage, the higher the correlation coefficients and the higher the criteria of their reliability. Generalized criteria of reliability on the grounds of all indicators of lifetime use was the lowest in cows of the 1st and 2nd groups, and the highest in cows of the 3rd group with further decrease in high half-bred cows and pure-breed cows of the 4th and 5th groups. It testifies to the fact that there is a close interconnection between given parameters and real milk yields in 3rd group cows (62.6–75.0% of the improved Holstein breed). At present, the reason of the shortening of the period of economic use is an early disposal of cows from the herd. A greater part of milking cows is disposed in the most productive period or even before it. At the given enterprise, a vast majority of holsteinized cows (77.5%) was disposed from the herd on four main reasons: unsatisfactory reproductive capability (32.2%), limbs diseases (22.3%), postpartal complications (13.9%) and low productivity (9.1%). The other reasons for cow disposal were within 1.6–7.0% (totaled up 22.5%) as to the total number of cow population that were disposed of the herd. It should be mentioned that the disposal caused by low productivity was only in the first calvers of the 1st and 2nd groups, in which the conditional share of genetic heredity of a Holstein breed did not exceed 62.5%. The parameters of the economic use and of lifetime productivity of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows of different genotypes which were disposed of the herd because of their unsatisfactory reproductive capability, limbs diseases, postpartal complications and low milking productivity have been also analyzed. It has been determined that the indicated reasons for the disposal had different effects on the parameters of an economic use and on cow productivity. Because of any of four indicated reasons for cow disposal of the herd under condition of in-barn keeping and optimal feeding the preference on lifetime productivity belongs to the cows of the 4th and 5th groups (with a conditional share of Holstein heredity of more than 75%) with simultaneous worsening of the indicators of economic use. As a third part of cows at this enterprise was disposed of the herd ahead of time on the reason of unsatisfactory reproductive capability, that results in breeding value and in the results of the economic use of cows, the updating of the technology of artificial animal insemination and renewal will promote to solving the problem.

scholarly journals CONDITIONALITY OF PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY AND LIFELONG PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF BLACK-WHITE BREED BY GENETIC FACTORS

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 222-227
Author(s):  
T. M. Komendant
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Use

Objective: to study the dependence of productive longevity of cows of black and motley breed on genetically determined factors - linearity and bloodiness in Holstein breed. Methods: zootechnical, biological, statistical. The materials of the studies were pedigree cards of cows  and bulls, bull catalogs, zootechnical reports on pedigree work with the herd, the cattle base of the Grodno region, and also registers of rearing and rearing of the litter. To study the effect on the longevity of cows and their lifelong productivity of the "linear accessory" factor, all animals that were eliminated in 2006-2014 were divided into groups according to the lines: Adema 25437, Annas Adema 30587, Vis Eidial 933122, Montvik Chiftein 95679, Nico 31652 , Pabst Governera 882933, Reflection Sovering 198998, S. Sensation 1267271, Hiltes Adema 37910. Depending on the bloodiness of the Holstein breed, the animals were divided into four groups: I - up to 25% of Holstein genes, II- 25,0 – 49,9% of the genes of the Holstein genus, III - Holstein blood 50% and more, IV - purebred black-motley cows. Indicators of milk productivity (life-time milk yield (kg) and lifetime yield of milk fat (kg), milk yield for 1 day of lactation (kg), total duration of the lactation period (days) were studied in the experimental animals, and the duration of economic use (lactations). Main results. The results obtained during the statistical processing of data indicate that the cows belonging to the Pabst Governera line 882933 differed in the longest period of economic use among the abandoned animals. Duration of use in animals of this line was 8.43 lactations, which is more than for cows of other lines at 1,72-6,67 lactation. It should be noted that cows belonging to the Adem 25437 lines (6,71 lactations) and S. Sensation 1267271 (5,49 lactations) were also characterized by a rather long period of economic use. Due to the long period of use of the cow, the Pabst Governera line 882933 had the highest indicator of lifelong milk yield – 51535,58 kg of milk and the yield of milk fat – 1914,03. But as for milk for one day of lactation, here the leadership belonged to individuals belonging to the line Vis Eidial 933122 and amounted to 21,19 kg of milk per day. Also, a fairly high indicator of milk yield for one day of lactation was observed in animals belonging to the line Montvik Chiftain 95679 – 21,02 kg of milk. As a result of the research it was found that the largest term of economic use was characterized by low-breed hybrids with Holstein breed (up to 25%) – 3,63 lactations. This group of animals exceeded the individuals of the remaining groups by 0,21-0,76 lactations. It is worth noting that purebred black-motley individuals also differed by a long period of productive use – 3,42 lactations. Conclusions. Analysis of the impact on productive longevity and indicators of lifetime productivity of the "linearity" factor among abandoned animals in the "Progress-Vertelishki" made it possible to establish the existence of significant differences in the duration of economic use of cows of different linear affiliation. Cows of the Pabst Governera line 882933 – 8,43 lactations, 51535,58 kg of milk and 1914,03 kg of milk fat were distinguished by the greatest period of productive longevity, and also by the highest milk yield and milk fat content. It was established that the crossing of black and white cattle with Holstein breed positively influenced the productive longevity of animals, but on condition that the blood on the improving rock did not exceed 25%. Low-breed hybrids with Holstein breed exceeded the animals of other groups by the duration of their economic use by 0,21-0,76 lactations. Thus, we recommend breeding cows of black and motley breeds in the "Progress-Vertelishki", taking into account the impact on productive longevity and milk productivity of such factors as linearity and bloodiness in Holstein breed.

Milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed depending on the part of Holstein blood

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
T. Shishkina ◽  
T. Guseva ◽  
A. Galiullin ◽  
N. Semikova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
White Breed ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Best Parameters

A retrospective analysis of the dynamics of traits of milk productivity of Black-and-White cows with increased the part of Holstein breed blood has been carried out. Two groups have been formed from the number of culling animals of two adjacent generations: the 1st group (basic generation) with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4 (75 %) and the 2nd group with the part of Holstein breed blood of 7/8 (87,5 %) per 35 heads in each. As a result, it has been found that cows with the part of blood of 7/8 had the best indicators of milk productivity for I, II and III lactation. They significantly exceeded the indicators of cows with part of Holstein blood of 3/4 in terms of milk yield and yield of milk fat. The decrease in average daily milk yields for months of lactation in high-blooded cows was lower by 3 %, and the indicator of full-competed lactation was higher by 17,8 %. High-blooded animals have been culled out of the herd more intensively. By the end of the third lactation, the livability of livestock in the 1st group was 100 %, and in the second group – 23 %. The best parameters of productive longevity were distinguished by animals of the basic generation with the part of Holstein breed blood of 3/4. They signifi cantly surpassed of high-blooded animals in terms of longevity and period of productive longevity, respectively, by 1109 (P < 0,001) and 739 (P < 0,001) days, and in terms of lifetime milk yield – by 14392 kg (P < 0,001). The increase of the part of the blood of cows to 7/8 was carried out using purebred producers of foreign selection, the new generation of high-blooded animals had a relatively high genetic potential. However, 7/8-blooded cows of Holstein breed used it only by 53,4 %, which was by 24,3 % (P < 0,001) lower than the base generation. Thus, in the current environments of CJSC “Konstantinovo” high-blooded animals of Holstein breed do not suffi ciently realize the genetic potential, and the increase in productivity is associated with the loss of milk due to the decrease in the duration of economic use of animals. Based on this, we propose at the present stage to suspend the upgrading crossbreeding and return to the using Holsteinized sires domestic selection with the part of Holstein breed blood of 75 to 85 %.

EVALUATION OF THE HOLSTEIN BREED SIRES BY THE QUALITY OF OFFSPRING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.И. САКСА
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Holstein Bulls

Приведены результаты использования быков голштинской породы, оцененных по качеству потомства, в хозяйствах Российской Федерации, в зависимости от происхождения, метода разведения и уровня их племенной ценности в стране происхождения. Анализ материалов оценки голштинских быков по качеству потомства показал, что из 1995 быков 40,9% являются улучшателями удоя (+183 кг молока, +7,2 кг молочного жира), 52,7% — нейтральными (-86 кг молока, -3,3 кг молочного жира) и только 0,3% — ухудшателями (-407 кг молока, -15,2 кг молочного жира). Высокая доля нейтральных быков (52,7%) и отрицательная оценка их племенной ценности по удою — результат действующей «инструкции», согласно которой производителям при оценке до -1404 кг молока по сравнению со сверстницами присваивают категорию «нейтральный». Выявлены племенные качества голштинских быков в зависимости от метода разведения. Высокую племенную ценность по удою (+439 кг молока) имеют голштинские быки, оцененные по качеству потомства на маточном поголовье скота ярославской породы. Племенная ценность быков, оцененных на маточном поголовье холмогорского скота, составила +153 кг, на поголовье черно-пестрого — +23 кг молока; при чистопородном разведении — +5 кг молока. Результаты использования импортной спермы 196 быков различного происхождения на поголовье 17087 дочерей-первотелок (8665 кг молока, 3,89% жира, 3,23% белка) свидетельствуют, что одни и те же быки имели наиболее высокую племенную ценность по удою при скрещивании с черно-пестрыми коровами (от +100 кг до 272 кг молока) по сравнению с чистопородным разведением (от +14 кг до -81 кг молока). Вышеуказанная закономерность сохраняется при оценке голштинских быков различного происхождения с уровнем племенной ценности до +601 кг молока в стране происхождения. Только выдающиеся по своим племенным качествам производители (+601 кг молока и более в стране происхождения), оцененные в отечественных стадах, имели высокую племенную ценность как при чистопородном разведении (+490 кг молока), так и при скрещивании (+539 кг молока) при продуктивности дочерей свыше 9000 кг молока. Выделены быки с высокими индивидуальными значениями племенной ценности. Для совершенствования продуктивных качеств скота голштинской породы необходимо использовать в воспроизводстве быков с оценкой племенной ценности по удою методом «дочери—сверстницы» не менее +200 кг молока. Требования к уровню племенной ценности быков увеличиваются с ростом продуктивности стад. The results of the use of Holstein breed bulls, evaluated by the merit of the offspring, in the farms of the Russian Federation, depending on the origin, breeding method and the level of their breeding value in the country of origin, are presented. Analysis of data for evaluating Holstein bulls by the merit of their offspring showed that out of 1995 bulls 40.9% are milk yield improvers (+183 kg of milk, +7.2 kg of milk fat), 52.7% are neutral (-86 kg of milk, -3, 3 kg of milk fat) and only 0.3% — deteriorating (-407 kg of milk, -15.2 kg of milk fat). The high proportion of neutral bulls (52.7%) and a negative evaluation of their breeding value for milk yield is the result of the current “instruction”, according to which sires, when evaluating up to -1404 kg of milk compared to their herd-mates, are assigned the category “neutral”. The breeding merits of Holstein bulls were revealed depending on the breeding method. Holstein bulls have a high breeding value for milk yield (+439 kg of milk), evaluated by their offspring merit when using Yaroslavl cattle mothers. The breeding value of bulls evaluated on the Kholmogory breeding mothers was +153 kg, on the Black and White stock - +23 kg of milk; with purebred breeding — +5 kg of milk. The results of using imported semen from 196 sires of various origins in a herd of 17087 first-calf daughters (8665 kg of milk, 3.89% fat, 3.23% protein) indicate that the same bulls had the highest breeding value for milk yield when mated with Black and White cows (+100 kg to +272 kg of milk) in comparison with purebred breeding (+14 kg to -81 kg of milk). The above mentioned rule holds true when evaluating Holstein bulls of various origins with a breeding value of up to +601 kg of milk in the country of origin. Only top sires with outstanding breeding merit (+601 kg of milk and more in the country of origin), evaluated in domestic herds, had a high breeding value both in pure-bred stocks (+490 kg of milk) and when crossing (+539 kg of milk) with the productivity of daughters over 9000 kg of milk. Bulls with high individual values of breeding merit have been identified. In order to improve the productive qualities of Holstein cattle, it is necessary to use bulls with the evaluation of the milk yield breeding merit of at least 200 kg of milk by the "daughter-herd mates" method. The requirements for the level of breeding value of bulls increase with the increase of the herd productive ability.

ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ КОРОВ ХОЛМОГОРСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ С РАЗЛИЧНОЙ СТЕПЕНЬЮ ГОЛШТИНИЗАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КОМИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. NIKOLAEV ◽  
N.A. SHEMURANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Blood Content ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Economic Use

Представлены данные о продуктивности коров холмогорской породы и их помесей с различной степенью голштинизации. В период с 2000 по 2019 год установлено, что в условиях Республики Коми коровы с долей кровности более 75 по голштинской породе превосходят чистопородный холмогорский скот по показателям молочной продуктивности и жира в молоке за 1-ю лактацию на 40,3 и 0,63 абс., а в 3-ю на 52,8 и 0,64 абс., соответственно. Однако повышение молочности за лактацию не приводит к увеличению пожизненного производства молока, что обусловлено снижением продолжительности хозяйственного использования. У коров с долей кровности по голштинам более 75 средний возраст выбытия составляет 2,400,11 отела, что в 1,5 раза меньше по сравнению с чистопородными животными.Наибольший пожизненный удой имеют животные с кровностью 50, полученные при скрещивании чистопородного голштинского и холмогорского скота (19850618 кг), а наименьший с кровностью 2550 при разведении помесей в себе (123281134 кг). Продукция молочного жира за все лактации у коров с кровностью 50 составляет 799,625,3 кг, что в 1,9 раз больше аналогичного показателя животных с долей кровности до 25. При учете молочной продуктивности на 1 день жизни животного установлено, что наибольший показатель наблюдается у коров с кровностью 50 7,4 кг молока натуральной жирности, а при пересчете на базисную жирность (3,4) у высококровных (более 75) по голштинской породе помесей (9,00,3 кг), где также наблюдается наибольший показатель производства молочного жира на 1 день жизни 307,310,1 г.The article presents data on the productivity of cows of the Kholmogorskaya breed and their crosses with varying degrees of holsteinische. In the course of studies conducted in the period from 2000 to 2019, it was found that in the Komi Republic, cows with a blood content of more than 75 of the Holstein breed outperform pure-bred Kholmogorsky cattle in terms of milk productivity and fat in milk for the first lactation by 40.3 and 0.63, and in the third by 52.8 and 0.64 respectively. However, an increase in milk yield per lactation does not lead to an increase in lifetime milk production, which is due to a decrease in the duration of economic use: in cows with a Holstein blood ratio of more than 75, the average leaving age is 2.400.11 calving, which is 1.5 times less than in purebred animals. The highest lifetime yield is given to animals with a blood content of 50 obtained by crossing Chi-pedigree Holstein and Kholmogorsky cattle (19850618 kg), and the lowest with a blood content of 2550 when breeding crossbreeds in themselves (123281134 kg). The production of milk fat during all lactation in cows with a blood content of 50 is 799.625.3 kg, which is 1.9 times more than in animals with a blood content of up to 25. When accounting for milk production on a day in the life of an animal is established that the highest milk yield observed in cows with percentage of the blood 50 and 7.4 kg of milk, natural fat content, and at recalculation on basic fat content (3.4) from 75 of the Holstein breed hybrids (9.00.3 kg), which also has the highest production of milk fat on day 1 of life 307.310.1 grams

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPIC AND PARATHIPIC FACTORS ON THE TRAITS OF MILK PRODUCTION OF COWS UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
А. M. Salohub
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Fisher’S Criterion ◽  
Dairy Breed

The research was carried out to study the influence of genotypic and paratypical factors on the traits of milk production of cows Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed LLC "Mena-Avangard" Chernihiv region. In the conditions of pedigree herd, studied four groups of crossbred animals with conditional share heredity of Holstein breed: I – < 62.5%; ІІ – 62.6–75.0; III – 75.0–87.5 and IV – 87.6 and > . According to results of researches cow’s crossbred groups of breeding herd Ukrainian Red-and-White breed with a different conditional blood by Holstein breed, was found reliable influence of heredity of improving breed on the level of milk yield and output of milk fat in the dynamics of estimated lactation. Cow’s milk yield with each heredity increase of improver breed grew respectively by 12.5% within crossbred groups. Thus, when comparing cow's group of Holstein blood < 62.5% with their counterparts with blood 62.6–75.0%, advantage was 301 kg in favor of the latter with reliable difference at P < 0.01. Next blood increase to 75.0–87.5% led to a corresponding increase in yield at 262 kg (P < 0.01). Animals with heredity Holstein breed 87.6% higher than the previous generation dominated with a high difference 345 kg of milk (P < 0.001). The blood flow of Holstein breed by 25% resulted in increased milk yield of first-calf cows by 908 kg (P < 0.001). The fat content in milk through this crossing the blood decreased only 0.05% and was not confirmed by reliability, whereas milk fat yield increased with a high significance difference of 31.9 kg (P < 0.001). According to results of one-factor dispersion analysis, was found that value of yield and output level of milk fat in the first lactation cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, respectively, by 5.5–6.2 and 4.7–9.2%, depend on paratypical factors (year and season of birth and year and season of the first calving), as confirmed by high reliability according to Fisher's criterion. The level of milk yield and milk fat cows in first lactation significantly - correspondingly 25.3 and 15.8%, depending on the conditional share of heredity Holstein breed. However, the highest rates of influence on yield level and milk fat of the first-calf cows were obtained by size of comprehensive selection index of cow's mother (57.1 and 44.7%), average breeding value of mother for milk yield (64.4 and 45.4%), and for milk fat (53.5 and 38.9%). With high reliability on indicators of milk production influencing standardized breeding value parent by quantity of milk yield and milk fat (= 0.283 and 0.178). Calculations show that dispersion of traits development of yield and milk fat of cows first-calf due to the influence of heredity of sires used lines and is respectively 15.7 and 10.9%. Fisher's criterion reliability by these indicators exceed the threshold of the third level (P < 0.001). Thus, the power of influence heredity of Holstein breed, selection indexes of mothers and parents of cows and father lines on the milk yield level and milk yield output indicating the possibility of effective breeding of the studied dairy cattle by selection of ancestors with a high estimation of selection indices and pedigree value.

scholarly journals Результати використання бугаїв-плідників голштинської породи при створенні високопродуктивного стада

2019 ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
Т. В. Підпала ◽  
Є. М. Зайцев ◽  
А. О. Правда
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Service Period ◽  
High Level

Мета статті – оцінити прояв господарсько корисних ознак у корів-дочок різних бугаїв-плідників голштинської породи. Методика дослідження. У процесі дослідження використані загальноприйняті зоотехнічні методи (індивідуальний облік молочної продуктивності, відтворювальної здатності), лабораторні (визначення якісного складу молока), ретроспективний аналіз (показники за весь період використання тварин), варіаційно-статистичний метод (визначення параметрів ознак). Результати дослідження. У результаті вивчення використання бугаїв-плідників голштинської породи при створенні високопродуктивного стада молочної худоби з’ясовано, що на рівень розвитку продуктивних, відтворювальних і адаптивних властивостей корів-дочок впливає походження за батьком. Встановлено взаємозв’язок між господарсько корисними ознаками корів первісток голштинської породи німецької та української селекції, які походять від різних бугаїв. Незалежно від походження піддослідних тварин зберігається позитивна високого ступеня кореляція між надоєм і кількістю молочного жиру та білка. Загальною закономірністю для потомства бугаїв голштинської породи є наявність позитивної кореляції низького, середнього і високого ступенів між надоєм і тривалістю сервіс-періоду. Визначено відмінності за напрямом і ступенем кореляційної залежності між продуктивними і відтворювальними ознаками у корів-первісток, які й характеризують різноманітність впливу бугаїв на їхніх дочок. Елементи наукової новизни. Набули подальшого розвитку теоретичні та практичні положення щодо підвищення продуктивності тварин та створення високопродуктивних стад молочної худоби за використання генофонду голштинської породи. Практична значущість. Одержані результати потрібно враховувати у процесі поліпшуючої селекції під час формування високопродуктивного стада молочної худоби голштинської породи. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the manifestation of economically useful signs of cow-daughters of Holstein breed different servicing bulls. Methods of the research. In the course of the study, commonly used zoo-technical methods (individual accounting of milk productivity, reproductive capacity), laboratory (determining the qualitative milk composition), retrospective analysis (indicators for the entire period of using animals), variation-statistical method (determining sign parameters) were used. The research results. As a result of using bulls for service of Holstein breed in creating a highly productive herd of dairy cattle it has been established that the level of developing productive, reproductive and adaptive properties of cow-daughters is influenced by the origin of the father-parent.  The correlation has been established between economically useful signs of cows-firstlings of the Holstein breed of German and Ukrainian selection from various bulls. Regardless of the experimental animals’ origin, there is a high-level positive correlation between the milk yield and the amount of milk fat and protein. The common peculiarity for the offspring of the Holstein breed is the presence of a positive correlation of the low, middle and high levels between the milk yield and the duration of the service period. The differences as to the direction and the degree of correlation dependence between productive and reproductive features of cows-firstlings have been determined, which characterize the diversity of bulls’ influence on their daughters. The elements of scientific novelty. The theoretical and practical propositions for raising the productivity of animals and creating highly productive herds of dairy cattle by using the gene pool of Holstein breed have been further developed. Practical significance. The obtained results should be taken into account in the process of improving the selection during the formation of a highly productive herd of the Holstein breed dairy cattle.

PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY DAUGHTERS OF SIRES UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 134-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Khmelnychyy ◽  
V. V. Vechorka
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Average Lifetime ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Domestic Breeding

In pedigree farm of Cherkasy region, in the modern highly mechanized technologies of milk production, research on studying influence of sires’ heredity on the duration of use and lifetime productivity of their daughters was conducted. The research materials were withdrawn livestock of daughters of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Holstein sires in the amount of 784 head. Duration of lactation, milk yield, content and yield of milk fat for the entire lactation were recorded for each lactation. The following indicators were studied: lifetime, duration of economic use, lifetime milk yield, lifetime milk fat yield, average lifetime fat content in milk, average milk yield per day, average milk yield for a day of economic use and the number of used lactations. On assessing lifetime, the best were daughters of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy sires with indicators 3589 and 3303 days. A reliable difference in their favor in comparison with the average for the herd was 1351 and 1065 days (P < 0.001). Comparison of progeny of native sires and Holstein sires also showed significant predominance in lifetime of daughters in their favor, which ranged from 373 to 1841 days (P < 0.001), and duration of productive use – from 438 to 1815 days (P < 0.001). Variability in the number of used lactations varied widely from 1.7 to 6.1 units. In the ranking on the ground of number of used lactations the first and second were sires of domestic breeding – Fajans (6.1lact.) and Avans (5.2 lact.). Most daughters of Holstein sires were used less than the average for the herd. Highly reliable negative correlation between milk yield during the first lactation and the use duration indicators, the lack of correlation between the first lactation yield and lifetime yield obtained in our studies on experimental livestock of 784 head, gives grounds to assert that high milk yield during the first lactation leads to reduction in duration of use and does not always guarantee high figures of lifetime productivity. Milk yield for a day of economic use has a high positive correlation with yield in the first lactation (r = 0.438), lifetime milk yield (r = 0.325), lifetime milk fat yield (r = 0.283) and, especially, yield for a day of life (r = 0.701). With traits of lifetime, economic use duration and CEU, milk yield per day of life has slight negative correlation. Thus, according to figures of use duration and lifetime productivity for progeny of estimated sires of different origin, it is possible to make the generalization that improvement of Ukrainian dairy breeds should be based on the best genetic resources of sires of domestic breeding. When you use foreign breeding sires it is advisable to combine their breeding qualities with assessment of longevity. According to the research should make the following conclusions. The duration of use and lifetime productivity of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows in the breeding herd are determined by of sires’ individual heredity. High level of milk yield during the first lactation in estimated sires’ progeny does not guarantee an increase in traits of economic use and lifetime productivity. Progeny of domestic breeding bulls was better by traits of productive longevity than purebred progeny of Holstein sires.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document