scholarly journals UDDER MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED UNDER ABSORBING CROSSBREEDING

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
R. Stavetska ◽  
N. Klopenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dairy Breed

The aim of the research was to study morphological characteristics of udder, polymastia and polythelia frequency of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy first-calf heifers under absorbing crossbreeding and detection of correlation between milk yield per day and morphological characteristics of cows’ udder. The study was conducted in the herds of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed in the breeding farms «Suholiske» LLC, AF «Matiushi» LLC and AF «Glushky» LLC, Bila Tserkva district, Kyiv region. To conduct analytical studies based on part of Holstein inheritance researched livestock were divided into three groups: 75,0−87,4 % 87,5−99,9 % and 100 %. According to the results of the own research it was found, that under absorbing crossbreeding and increasing of part of Holstein inheritance morphological characteristics of udder of cows in the researched herds have been improved. The highest level of most udder measurements and indexes had first-calf heifers with part of Holstein inheritance 100 %. On average, in the researched herds, cows with part of Holstein inheritance 100 % had the advantage in udder length by 1,4 cm, width – 0,6 cm, depth – 0,4 cm, girth − 1,2 cm, in the distance from the udder bottom to the floor – 0,3 cm, teat length – 0,3 cm, teat diameter – 0,12 cm compared with cows, which had part of Holstein inheritance 87,5–99,9 %, but the difference in performance was unreliable. The advantage over udder measurements of cows with part of Holstein inheritance 75,0–87,4 % in udder length was 3,2 cm, width – 1,7 cm, depth – 1,4 cm, girth – 6,0 cm, distance from the udder bottom to the floor – 1,0 cm, teat length – 0,3 cm, teat diameter – 0,18 cm. In the herd of AF «Glushky» LLC, cows with part of Holstein inheritance 100 % weren’t significantly inferior in udder format index (by 0,1 %) and had the advantage in relative value udder index (by 5,9 %), relative size udder index (by 2,3 %, Р < 0,001) and conditional udder value index (by 214 conditional units) compared with analogical characteristics of cows with part of Holstein inheritance 75,0–87,4 %. In the herd of AF «Matiushi» LLC, cows with part of Holstein inheritance 100 % were characterized by typical reducing of udder format index (by 0,5 %) and the advantage in form index (by 0,08), relative value udder index (by 8,2 %), relative size udder index (by 2,3 %) and conditional udder value index (by 262 conditional units, Р < 0,01) compared with the udder indexes of cows with part of Holstein inheritance 75,0–87,4 %. Advantage in value of udder indexes of cows with Holstein inheritance 100 % compared with cows with part of Holstein inheritance 87,5−99,9 % was: in form index – 0,06, relative value udder index – 4,3 %, relative size udder index – 1,4 % and conditional udder value index – 56 conditional units. In the herd of «Suholiske» LLC, cows with part of Holstein inheritance 100 % also had lower performance of udder format index (by 0,5 %) and dominated by form index – 0,07, relative value udder index (6,4 %, Р <0,05), relative size udder index (1,9 %, Р < 0,05) and conditional udder value index (by 308 conventional units) compared with same indexes of cows with part of Holstein inheritance 75,0–87,4 %. Therefore, absorbing crossbreeding and increasing of part of Holstein inheritance were accompanied with increasing of udder length, width, depth and girth as well as a gradual increasing of udder indexes at first-calf heifers. In the own research, differences were found in the direction, strength and probability of correlations between milk yield and morphological characteristics of first-calf heifers’ udder. In most cases, the correlations between milk yield and udder measurements were positive and weak in strength. Cows with part of Holstein inheritance 75,0–87,4 % had strong positive probable correlations between milk yield per day and udder length (r = + 0,68, Р < 0,05), milk yield per day and teat length (r = + 0,64, Р < 0,05). Cows with part of Holstein inheritance 87,5−99,9 % had moderate in strength probable correlation between milk yield per day and udder length (r = + 0,45, Р < 0,001). It should be noted that in this group of cows, correlations between milk yield per day and udder morphological characteristics had high probability (Р < 0,001) in all cases. Cows with part of Holstein inheritance 100 % had these correlations different in direction. Weak positive probable correlation between milk yield per day and udder length (r = + 0,14, Р < 0,01), moderate in strength, negative correlation – between milk yield per day and teat length (r = − 0,06, Р < 0,05) and moderate in strength, probable correlation between milk yield per day and distance from the udder bottom to the floor (r = − 0,35, Р < 0,001) were found.  It was found, that absorbing crossbreeding led to decreasing of the frequency of extra teats in cows. The less frequency of extra teats had cows with part of Holstein inheritance 100 %. In the breeding farm AF «Glushky» LLC, the frequency of cows with extra teats under increasing of part of Holstein inheritance from 75,0−87,4 % to 100 % declined from 9,0 to 6,9 %, in AF «Matiushi» LLC − from 16,0 to 5,7 %, in «Suholiske» LLC − from 14,6 to 8,3 %, on average in these herds – from 11,8 to 6,7 %. This is an evidence of positive impact of Holstein breed on extra teats frequency and udder improvement of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows. In the frequency of udder parts atrophy there was observed the opposite trend: under absorbing crossbreeding the frequency of cows with udder parts atrophy had increased.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF HOLSTEIN BREED BULLS BY DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR DAUGHTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
S. L. Voitenko ◽  
O. V. Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Paternal Origin ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dairy Breed

The scientific community has shown that the genetic improvement of dairy cattle depends on many genotypic factors, including paternal ancestry and lineage. With this in mind, the purpose of our research was to evaluate the Holstein bulls of black-and-white and red-and-white suits of different lines for the milk productivity of their daughters. The research was carried out on the basis of primary breeding records of 10 breeding herds of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, 3 – Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed and one – Ukrainian Red Dairy breed, which are subordinated to NAAS. Cows of the studied breeds has divided into groups according to lineage and paternal origin. Studies have revealed a significant differentiation of milk yield of cows of the first and highest lactation not only of one breed, but also of linear affiliation and paternal origin. It was found that the yield of the first lactation in cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed varied from 3211 kg (Damir 7100354042) to 7884 kg (Dzhokus 113080315) of milk. Noteworthy are the daughters of Dzhokus 113080315, from which 9143 kg of milk were obtained for higher lactation, Polyarsten 342347941 and Manteno 344222859 – 8248 kg and 8290 kg of milk, respectively. The significant influence of paternal origin on the yield of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed cows of the first and higher lactation (31.0%; P > 0.999) and 37.3% has been proved; P > 0.999). The influence of genealogical formation on the milk productivity of cows was significant and amounted to 10.8% for the first lactation, higher – 10.2%. Some of the first-born Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed has characterized by high milk productivity, which steadily increased until the third and higher lactation. The yield of cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed of the first lactation varied from 5414 kg (Dialog 2009) to 6689 kg (Larets 6177), testifying to better homogeneity of herds in terms of milk productivity compared to the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. The highest yield of the third and highest lactation – 7626 kg, had cows-daughters of the bull Roman 660886883 Starbuck line 352790. The variability of milking cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed of the first and highest lactation by 25.0% and 15.2%, respectively, was due to the influence of the father offspring and to a lesser extent – belonging to the line. A very high (6517–8013 kg) realization potential of milking cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed was established, but it also depended on the paternal origin and linear affiliation. The highest yield of the first lactation were shown by the daughters of the bull Belisar 365235897, Dzhorin 114414759 and Tumpi 112367468, who produced 8013 kg, 7323 kg and 7170 kg of milk, respectively. In cows of this breed it was found that yield increased with increasing serial number of lactation, with the third and higher lactation cows produced more than 8000 kg of milk per lactation, and the daughters of bull Dzhorin 114414759 – more than 9000 kg. The influence of the bull on the milk productivity of the first-born cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed (16.7%; P > 0.999) is almost three times higher than this linear affiliation. Significant phenotypic variability of milk productivity of cows of different breeds of half-sisters by the father is established. The advantage of the daughters of the bull Belisar 365235897 of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed on milking of the first lactation over the representatives of the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed was 1932 kg (p < 0.001). The difference in milk yield of the first lactation of the half-sisters by the father, the bull Konbeo 579810507 was 1007 kg (p < 0.01), and Roman 660886883 – 717 kg. Thus, a significant phenotypic variability of milk productivity of cows of different breeds of half-sisters by father was established. At the same time, regardless of the breeder, the cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed were characterized by higher milk yield of the first lactation in comparison with the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed.

Milk productivity of cows depending on their origin on genealogical line

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
M. V. Voronov ◽  
N. A. Fedoseeva ◽  
T. N. Pimkina ◽  
O. V. Gorelik
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Difference

The improvement of cattle of Black-and-White breed by mating of maternal stock with the sires of Holstein breed continues at the present time. Therefore, breeding in pedigree farms for the production of milk is carried out including the use of Holstein lines. The purpose of the work was to assess the milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed, with a high proportion of blood in Holstein breed, depending on their linear origin. In the herd of the breeding farm where the research has been carried out, the lines Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 occupy the dominant position in terms of the specific weight of cattle, followed by the line Montwick Chieftain 95679. The difference in milk yield between groups of cows of different lines was from 3,0 to 354 kg or 0,04 to 4,6 %. The highest milk yield was shown by the first-calf heifers of the line Wes Ideal 933122 – 7787±123,21 kg. In the milk of the first-calf heifers of the line Pabst Governor 882933 compared with herdmates of other lines the increased content of fat and protein has been noted,. The difference in the mass fraction of fat in milk was significant in favor of Pabst Governor 882933 cows (P ≤ 0,01–0,001). There was also the significant difference in the mass fraction of fat in milk between the groups of cows of the lines Montwick Chieftain 95679, Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 in favor of the latter at P ≤ 0,05–0,01. A definite association between milk yield and the mass fraction of fat in milk has not been established. There is a pattern of the positive association between the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein in milk and it is clearly seen that with the increase in the mass fraction of fat in milk, there is the increase in the mass fraction of protein.

scholarly journals Variability of dairy productivity of cows depending on the breeding method by lines

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
L. Khmelnychyi ◽  
A. Salohub
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Statistical Reliability ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
Dairy Breed

The effectiveness of intraline and interline selection at breeding of Sumy intrabreed type of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed were carried out in the breeding farms of Pidlisnivskoyi branch of PJSC “Raise-Maximko” and “Pershe Travnya” in the Sumy district. According to the results of researches of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, regularities of influence on the level of traits of dairy productivity of different variants of selection were determined and confirmed by statistical reliability. According to the evaluation of cows under control herds obtained during intra-linear and interlinear selections, it was found that most often among the evaluated variants the offspring obtained from interlinear crosses were the best on the grounds of milk productivity. In the herd of breeding farm “Pershe Travnya” sires of Starbak's parental line 352790 were successfully combined in all investigated variants of interlinear crosses with maternal Eleveyshna 1491007, Valianta 1650414, S.T. Rokita 252803 and P.F.A. Chifa 1427381, as evidenced by the high milk yield of cows, received from these combinations, which was according to the first lactation 5837-6223 kg of milk and higher - 6525-7474 kg. The difference in milk yield of first-born cows obtained in the interlinear crosses with Starbak's parent line 352790 ranged from 404 (P <0.05) to 790 kg (P <0.001). In the system of linear breeding the reasonableness of carrying out regular monitoring to evaluate the combination of lines in the breeding process of dairy breeds is motivated. Reapplication of the most successful and abandonment of ineffective selection options will help to increase the genetic potential of dairy productivity of cattle produced by Ukrainian breeds. Key words: Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, lines, milk productivity.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE BLOOD SHARE AND THE LINEAR ACCESSORY ON INDEXES OF DAIRY EFFICIENCY OF COWS

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
A. L. Rozhentsov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Blood Content ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Blood Inflow ◽  
The Impact

Blood inflow of Holstein breed in Mari El cattle breeding, which began in 80s of the last century, had a positive impact on the dairy productivity of Black-and-White cattle. The research explores the impact of Holstein breed bloodline and lineage on the main indicators of cows’ dairy productivity in OAO Ovoshchevod. The productive age increasing, the live weight of cows in the main herd increased as well while the animals were relatively small. The cows of the eighth and ninth calves had the maximum live weight. On average, the cows with the third complete lactation (6791.5 kg) had the highest milk yield. The mass fraction of fat was on average higher than the basic fraction and was equal to 3.71%. The increase of milk fat concentration was observed in cows of the fifth and sixth lactations, with the offsprings of Black-and-White bull lines being the most fatty. There is a direct correlation between milk yield and the degree of blood flow in the Holstein breed. The fattiest milk cows were those with a blood content of 19%, while the cattle with a blood content of 75% had the lowest fat concentration in milk. According to the hospitalization data, most of the cows in the herd (including the first heifer cows) belong to the R. Sawring line. The female offsprings of Adam, Rikus and M. Chiftein bulls differed in the most productive longevity. The most abundant were cows belonging to M. Chiftein line. Female offsprings of Black-and-White bulls were inferior to the Holstein ones in average by 324 kg of milk. This feature was traced from first to fifth lactation. In the lactation section, the most fatty-milk cows of the Rikus and M. Chiftein lines were the fattest. As the share of blood in the Holstein breed increased, the milk yield per cow in the main herd increased as well. Thus, for cows with blood content of 18.75%, the average milk yield for all lactations was 6313 kg of milk. Further blood inflow of Holstein bulls led to this parameter increasing by 4% on average for cows with blood content of 25 and 37.5% for Holstein breed.

scholarly journals GENETIC FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Vechorka ◽  
L. M. Khmelnychyi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Line P ◽  
Dairy Breed

The purpose of research was to study the influence of genetic factors (belonging to the line and conditional blood on the improvement breed) on the formation of milk productivity of cows in Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed in the basic pedigree herds (“Mayak” of Zolotonosha district of Cherkasy region and LLC “Vladana” of Sumy district in the Sumy region) in the conditions of the central and northeastern region of Ukraine at the present stage of breeding. The level of indicators of dairy productivity of cows in the controlled herds of two breeding farms of breed which was created according to the classical scheme of reproductive crossbreeding, testified to excellent results of the breed formation. The milk yield of cows during the evaluation of seven lactations changed to third, and after the fourth, the number of animals in both households slightly decreased. For the best lactation, he equaled 6548 kg from cows of the farm "Mayak", and 7326 kg from cows of "Vladana" farm. With regard to the content of fat in milk, a very important breeding indicator – its quality, it varied within 0,78–3,86% in cows of herds of the farm "Mayak" and 3,75–3,99% – in cows herds of the economy "Vladana". However, the best possible characterization of the genetic potential of dairy animals was milk yield for the best lactation, which was determined in controlled herds of farms "Mayak" and "Vladana", respectively – 8276 and 8779 kg of milk. According to the results of research, differentiation of indicators characterizing the milk yield of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White milk breeds undeniably testified to the hereditary effect of genealogical formations on their variability. In the herd of "Mayak" farm, the best were lines of Inhance 343514 and Valiant 1650414 and the genealogical line – Starbuck 352790 were found to be the best. The reliable difference of filial dgeneration of the above mentioned lines for milk yield of the first (654–1598 kg; P < 0.001) and the best (1238–2062 kg; P < 0.001) of lactation in comparison with the progeny of lines Eleveishn, Mett and P. F. A. Chif testified about their hereditary influence on the development of this trait. Sufficiently well characterized performance indicators in the herd "Vladana" most numerous offspring of bull-sires line P. F. A. Chif with a yield for the first and best lactation respectively – 6580 and 7886 kg of milk. Their difference by this indicator at the age of the first lactation was significant in comparison with offspring of Eleveishn line (1537 kg; P < 0.001), R. Sovrin (1430 kg; P < 0.001) and Starbuck (509 kg; P < 0.001). According to the higher lactation, offspring of the sires of line P. F. A. Chif dominated on cows of remaining lines with a very high difference of 905 kg (P < 0.001; Hanover line) to 1164 kg (P < 0.001; R. Sovrein's line). When studying the effect of conditional inheritance Holstein dairy efficiency it found that the best highest milk yield according to the first lactation were both controlled by the crossbred animal herds with a high proportion of Holstein blood, whereas in low-blooded animal milk yield was significantly less. The difference in favor of animals with Holstein heredity 87.6–100% in comparison with all groups of cows with lower blood in the herd "Mayak" was according to the first lactation from 263 kg (P < 0.01; 75.1–87.5% ) to 1765 kg (P < 0.001, 50.1–62.5%). In the herd "Vladana", high-blood animals by Holstein breed (87.6–100%) dominated on the rest group of crossbred cows for milk yield in the first lactation 704–2429 kg with high reliability (P < 0.001). Conclusions. Created Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed at the present stage of breeding consolidation has been characterized by excellent results on the basis of milk productivity, regardless of the region of its use, which depending on the successful selection of genealogical formations. Structuring of the breed into differentiated genealogical and stud lines was a prerequisite for further effective intrabreed breeding. According to the research of two leading breeding flocks found a significant impact on conventional blood by the improvement breed formation on milk production of cows, including best performance obtained by absorbing crossing.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPE FEATURES APPEARANCE OF DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT UKRAINIAN DAIRY BLACK-AND-WHITE BREED COWS GENOTYPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Pendyuk ◽  
V. V. Fedorovych ◽  
N. P. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
A Share

The main task of breeding in dairy cattle breeding is to raise dairy productivity of cows. Improvement of productive qualities of domestic dairy cattle with the use of Holstein breeders of high breeding value led to serious disadvantages, including impairment of animal health, reproductive capacity and quality of milk. Therefore, the purpose of our research was to examine the milk productivity of cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and ascertain the relationship between quantitative and qualitative indicators of milk. Research conducted at agricultural limited liability company "Lishche" Lutsk district of Volyn region on cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. 5 groups of animals were formed: I − cows with a proportion of Holstein breed 75% or less, II − with a share Holstein heredity 75.1–81.25%, III − Holstein heredity share 81.26–87.50%, ІV − with a share of the heredity of the Holstein 87.51–93.75% and V − with a share of the heredity of the Holstein more than 93.75%. Evaluation of milk productivity was carried out by milk yield, fat content in milk and the amount of milk fat for the first, second, third and highest lactations according to the data of zootechnical accounting. It was found that the largest number of animals under control (33.7%) was with the relative share of Holstein heredity of 81.26–87.50%, and the lowest (9.3%) was with relative share of the Holstein breed's heredity more than 93.75%. Analysis of the level of milk yield of cows of different genotypes showed that the increase of Holstein heredity increases milk yields, however, significantly reduces the fat content of milk. If the animals have a share of Holstein heredity up to 75% the milk yields was 5154, and the amount of milk fat − 199.7 kg, and cows with hereditary of 75.10–81.25% showed figures increased by 16.4 and 15.5%, with Holstein heredity 81.26–87.50% by 23.3 and 20.8%, Holstein heredity 87.51–93.75% for 26.1 and 23.2% and with Holstein heredity more than 93.75% for 34.8 and 31.4%, and fat content in milk, on the contrary, decreased, depending on the genotype of animals, by 1.6–2.3%. In all in the above cases, these changes were highly significant (P < 0.001). The effectiveness of breeding on increasing the milk productivity of cows depends on the efficiency of selection and selection of animals, taking into account the phenotypic and genetic correlation between economically useful features. It was found that the studied cows of all genotypes had highest highly reliable (P < 0.001) positive values of correlation coefficients between milk yield and milk fat (Table 2). These features are the most predicted because strong relationship between them (r = 0.912–0.987). There was also observed direct positive ligament (r = 0.039–0.533, P < 0.05–0.001) between fat content in milk and milk fat content, and mostly weak, and only in some cases correlation coefficients had average values. The cows of the studied genotypes had the lowest and for the most part unreliable values of relative variability by the milk yields and fat content milk. The heifers with conditional share of Holstein heredity, more than 75% had negative and weak relationship features, and the older cows were diversified from weak to average values. One of the reliable criteria for determining the level of heredity of features is the coefficient of frequency, which indicates their heredity stability in age. Coefficients of age-related frequency of milk yield, fat content of milk and the highest milk fat content of cows with a conditional share of Holstein heredity of up to 75% had indicating a higher degree of heredity of these features compared to high half-bred cows. With the increasing of heredity of the Holstein breed the genotype of controlled animals values were decreasing for the most part. The most significant and reliable (P < 0.001) genotype of animals affected milk yields (13.3–18.1% of the total variability of this feature), less – the fat content of milk (9.3–13.2% (P < 0.001) and the amount of milk fat (6.6–14.1% (P < 0.001), with the highest genotype influence on the studied features indicated in the first lactation.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE CONFORMATION TYPE OF DAIRY CATTLE OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN AND CORRELATIVE VARIABILITY OF LINEAR TYPE TRAITS WITH MILK YIELD COWS OF HOLSTEIN BREED

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Khmelnychyi ◽  
V. V. Vechorka ◽  
S. L. Khmelnychyi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Point System ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reliable Correlation

Researches were carried out on estimation cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy and Holstein breeds by the method of linear classification in the herd of pedigree farm LLC "Vladana" in Sumy region. When comparing cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy with Holstein, the improving influence sires of Holstein breed on the development of conformation of cows in the herd according to indicators of the linear assessment by 100-point system was found. The difference was based on the group traits of dairy type 1,1 score, legs – 1,3, udder – 1,6 and final score – 1,2. In all comparisons, the difference was highly reliable at P < 0.001. By descriptive traits improvement with a significant difference were observed in height (by 0,3 scores; P < 0,05), body depth (by 0,3 scores; P < 0,05), rump width (by 0,6 scores; P < 0,001), angle of pelvic limbs (by 0,4 scores, P < 0,001), foot angle (by 0,9 scores, P < 0,001), front udder attachment (by 0,4 scores, P < 0,001), central ligament (by 0,8 scores; P < 0,001), udder depth (by 0,9 scores; P < 0,001) and teats length (by 0,3 scores; P < 0.01). Animals of Holstein breed compared to Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy became more narrow-chested (by 0,7 scores; P < 0,001). The identified relationships between linear traits and value of milk yield of first-born cows in the controlled herd were determined the existence of a reliable correlation between estimation both for individual complexes of conformation traits and overall assessment by 100-point classification system (r = 0,198–0,464; P < 0,001). Positive and reliable correlation with milk yield was observed by a number of descriptive traits: height (r = 0,359), body depth (r = 0,384), angularity (r = 0,474), rump width (r = 0,311), posture of pelvic limbs (r = 0,361), foot angle (r = 0,273), front (r = 0,355) and rear udder attachment (r = 0,330), central ligament (r = 0,311), locomotion (r = 0,305). Body condition score was correlated negatively (r = -0,168). Thus, the determined correlations between linear traits of the conformation and milk yield for lactation have been indicated the reliability of selection of cows by conformation type, simultaneously improving milk production. The using sires of Holstein breed during absorbed crossing with Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed have been improved linear traits of the conformation type in their offspring. Positive relationship between group and main descriptive linear traits characterizing conformation, and value of milk yield would be facilitated by efficient indirect selection based on the type and productivity.

scholarly journals INTERDEPENDENCE OF COMPLEX GENOTYPES OF ALFA-LACTALBUMIN AND BETA-LACTOGLOBULIN WITH COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MILK OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
О. P. Plivachuk ◽  
T. M. Dyman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Beta Lactoglobulin ◽  
Dairy Breed

The objective of this work was to study the effect of phenotypic combination of genetic variants α-LA and β-LG on the content of technologically and nutritionally important components of milk in cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed. Method PCR-RFLP was used to identify cow’s genotypes on the indicated genes. Milk yield was calculated based on the results of monthly control milking. It has been determined such indices of cow’s milk: fat content, protein content, total solids content, milk solids non-fat (MSNF) content, lactose content, casein content, casein number, milk density, milk rennet ability, heat stability (alcohol number) of milk. Statistical analysis was carried out using program Statistica 6.0. The study of genetic structure of the herd of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle showed the high level of polymorphism on α-LA and β-LG genes. 6 genotypes were identified. Genetic structure of the herd on two genes simultaneously was determined. 9 complex genotypes were revealed. Phenotypic variants α-LA АВ/β-LG АВ, α-LAАА/β-LG АА and α-LAАВ/β-LG АА had the highest frequency – 26, 21,5and 14 % respectively. Frequencies of remaining genotypes were not higher than 10 %. The highest milk yield (5617 kg) was received from cows with genotype α-LA ВВ/β-LG АА. The percentage of these animals in the herd was only 7,5 %. The lowest milk yield (5367 kg) was fixed for the group of animals with complex genotypeα-LA АА/β-LG ВВ. The frequency of this genotype was 7 %. Three the most distributed complex genotypes (61,5 %) characterized by medium features of milk yield. Cows with genotypes α-LAАВ/β-LGВВ had the highest indices of fat content (3,93 %). The percentage of these animals in the herd was 5 %. The difference between cows’ groups with the highest and the lowest indices of fat content was 0,14% (td=2,5; p<0,05). Cows with genotypes α-LAАВ/β-LG АА had the highest protein content. Their percentage in the herd was 14 %. The difference between cows’ groups with highest and lowest indices of protein content was 0,06 % (td=1,1; p<0,05). The highest indices of casein content and casein number (2,42 % and 78,3 % respectively) were observed in animals with complex genotypes α-LAВВ/β-LG АВ andα-LAВВ/β-LGВВ, their frequency in the studied herd was 11 %. The difference between cows’ groups with highest and lowest above indicators was 0,05 % (td=1,8; p<0,05) and 3 % (td=2,38; p<0,001) respectively. Thus, milk from 11 % of cows of the studied herd of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed complied with the requirements for cheese manufacture better. Indicator of rennet ability confirmed this. The lowest time of milk coagulation (rennet ability) we observed in milk from cows with complex genotype α-LAВВ/β-LGВВ – 27,7 min. We can assume that expression of alleles B of α-LA and β-LG in this phenotypic combination determines such desirable properties for cheese making. At the same time, milk from cows with complex genotypes α-LAВВ/β-LG АВ and α-LAВВ/β-LGВВ had the worst indices of heat stability, its alcohol number was 2,17 ml. High heat stability of milk was determined by expression of A allele of genes α-LA and β-LG in phenotypic combination α-LA/β-LG. Milk from cows with genotype α-LA АВ/β-LG АВ had the highest lactose content (4,53 %). The difference between cows’ groups with highest and lowest indices of lactose content was 0,06% (td=1,1; p<0,05). Significant differences between the cows of different complex genotypes were not found for the total solids content. At the same time, some differences on MSNF content were observed. The highest indices (8,65 %) were revealed in groups of animals with genotypesα-LAАА/β-LG АА andα-LAВВ/β-LG АА, lowest (8,57 %) – with genotype α-LAАВ/β-LGВВ, but these differences were not statistically significant. The result presented here shows the relationship between the combination of alfa-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin genetic variants in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle and the productivity traits of animals, technological properties of their milk.

scholarly journals DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED COWS DEPENDING ON THE GENOTYPE

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
O. V. Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Group V ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Dairy Breed

The research was carried out according to the materials of pedigree records of 10 breeding farms for breeding Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle. Following the requirements of the Instruction on grading cattle of dairy and dairy-meat breeds, regarding the distribution of local animals by generations on the basis of the conditional share of blood by breeding breed, cows in these herds were divided into 5 groups with the corresponding conditional share of blood by Holstein breed: group I – 50.0–74.9%; ІІ – 75.0–87.4%; III – 87.5–93.7%; IV – 93.8–96.8%; V – 96.9% or more. It was found that in breeding herds among 1940 first-born cows the number of crossbreed animals of the I–III generation was 905 heads (46.6%), and the IV generation and older – 1035 heads (53.4%). During the first lactation, cows of the I group exceeded their peers of the II group by 386 kg (p < 0.05), III – by 159 kg, IV – by 332 kg, but were 114 kg inferior to individuals of the V group. The highest yield of cows for the first lactation – 5996 kg of milk, obtained in group V. The largest amount of milk fat was obtained from cows of group I – 225.5 kg, which is 3.2–20.2 kg (p < 0.01), more than peers of other studied groups. During the second lactation, the hopes of cows of groups II–IV did not increase in comparison with group I with the increase in their genotype of conditional blood by Holstein breed. Cows of the I group exceeded the expectations of the representatives of the II group by 277 kg, III – by 125 kg and IV – by 264 kg, but were 237 kg inferior to animals of the V group. The amount of milk fat during the second lactation did not depend on the conditional blood by the improving breed and was the highest in individuals of group I – 244.2 kg, respectively. During the third lactation, the largest amount of milk was obtained from cows of group V – 6654 kg. In turn, this lactation is also characterized by a decrease in milk yield in cows of groups II–IV compared to the first and V groups. It was determined that cows of group I produced 277 kg more milk than representatives of group II and 260 and 415 kg – III and IV groups, respectively. The obtained amount of milk fat did not correlate with the conditional blood of cows by the breeding breed. During the IV lactation, cows of the experimental groups produced from 5880 to 6879 kg of milk while maintaining the trend of uneven milk yield depending on the influence of conditional blood in their genotype of Holstein breed. It was found that cows of group I for 305 days of the fourth lactation produced 6173 kg of milk and outnumbered only representatives of group II (293 kg), but inferior to individuals of group III by 23 kg, IV – by 297 kg and V – by 706 kg. Group V cows were also characterized by the highest amount of milk fat in milk. It is established that only from V lactation a clear dependence of yield cows on conditional blood for the improving breed. Thus, cows of group I produced 301–1613 kg (p < 0.01) less milk per lactation than individuals of other groups, whose conditional blood content by Holstein breed was higher. A similar trend is set for the amount of milk fat. Dairy productivity of VI lactating cows, similarly to V, has a clear tendency to increase with increasing conditional blood of Holstein breed in their genotype. Cows of group I in terms of milk yield were inferior to representatives of group II by 1052 kg, III – by 1179 kg, IV – by 1395 and V – by 2257 kg (p < 0.05). The amount of milk fat was consistent with the amount of milk obtained. It was found that in local cows with a conditional share of blood for the improving breed at the level of 50.0–74.9% of hopes increased from I to III lactation. In cows with a conditional share of blood by Holstein breed in the range of 75.0–87.4% of hopes increased from I to III lactation, with a further decrease in productivity from IV to VI lactation. The amount of milk fat correlated with the milk yield per lactation in cows, a statistically significant difference was found only between the first and second lactations. Crossbreed cows of the III genotypic group, conditional blood according to Holsteins in which 87.5–93.7%, showed the highest milk productivity during the third lactation – 6286 kg. The largest amount of milk fat was obtained in the milk of animals of the third lactation – 239.4 kg. High-blooded cows of the IV genotype group differed significantly in milk productivity from the representatives of other groups. In cows of this group, milk yield increased from I to V lactation and decreased during VI lactation. The amount of milk fat depended on milk yield and increased in proportion to the amount of milk obtained during lactation. It is determined that the content of the most high-blooded Holstein cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed, the conditional share of blood which is 96.9% and above is the most economically advantageous for milk production, as they increase milk productivity from I to V lactation.

INFLUENCE OF LIVE WEIGHT IN CULTIVATION ON THE DURATION OF PRODUCTIVE USE OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED OF DIFFERENT BLOODLINE ON THE HOLSTEIN BREED

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
L. M. Danets ◽  
I. V. Tkachova ◽  
V. P. Shablia
Keyword(s):  
Average Duration ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Complex Integral ◽  
The Cost ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Integral Feature ◽  
A Share

The duration of productive use is a complex integral feature and is determined by both genetic and paratypical factors. This feature should ensure maximum milk productivity of animals, economic efficiency of dairy farms and generally limit the cost of raising and keeping cows. Research conducted in the experimental farms of state enterprises "Kutuzovka", Kharkov district of Kharkov region using cow’s Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed (4038 cows). We studied the duration of productive use of cows divided into gradations according to the conditional bloodline for the Holstein breed, depending on the weight in the control age periods of cultivation (at birth, at 6, 12 and 18 months). The maximum value of the duration of productive use was recorded in the group of cows with a share of conditional blood for the Holstein breed up to 30% inclusive (the average duration of productive use is 2.77 lactations). The highest indicator of the duration of productive use of the studied animals was 4.09 lactations. Among cows with a share of conditional blood for the Holstein breed up to 30% longer produced those born with a weight of more than 40 kg (4.09 lactations), at 6 months of age weighed 100-149 kg, at 12 months – 200-249 kg, at 18 months of age – 350-399 kg. Among animals with a share of bloodline of 31-60 %, those that had a weight at the age of 6 months produced the longest: 155-190 kg (3.17 lactations), at 12 months – 250-299 kg (2.98 lactations), at 18 months – 350-399 kg (3.06 lactations). In the most numerous gradation with the share of bloodline for the Holstein breed 61-90 %, the longest productive use was characterized by animals born with a weight of 30-39 kg (2.12 lactation), at 6 months of age they weighed more than 200 kg (3.29 lactation), at 12 months-300-349 kg (3.40 lactation), at 18 months – 400-449 kg (2.82 lactation). The average duration of productive use of cows of this grade is quite low – in the range of 2.82-3.29 lactations. The highest degree of influence on the duration of productive use in this gradation of animals was recorded by the live weight factor at 6 months of age (η2 = 10.8). Сcomparative assessment of the cows gradation with a share of conditional blood for the Holstein breed of 91 % or more found that the longest productive use was characterized by cows that had a live weight at birth of 30-39 kg (1.93 lactation), in 6 months – 155-199 kg (2.73 lactation), in 12 months – 250-299 kg (2.87 lactation) and in 18 months – 350-399 kg (2.62 lactation). The degree of influence of live weight at this age on the duration of productive use of cows is insignificant, except for live weight at 6 months of age (η2 = 11.8).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document