scholarly journals Effects of using Tamarindus indica Seeds as a natural coagulant aid in landfill leachate treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  

Uncontrolled landfill leachate generation portends danger to the environment and aquatic ecosystem, especially without prior treatment before discharge. The application of Al-based coagulants, such as polyaluminum chloride (PACl), has the potential of introducing Al residuals into water bodies. Therefore, an alternative natural coagulant was recommended to reduce the usage of Al-based coagulants. In this study, a coagulation–flocculation process using the combination of PACl as coagulant and Tamarindus indica seed (TiS) as coagulant aid was used in treating the landfill leachate from the Alor Pongsu Landfill Site in Malaysia. Some of the optimum operational conditions determined were the pH and dosage of the coagulant aid, and their effect was considered on parameters, such as suspended solids (SS), color, and COD, using standard jar test procedures. The combination of TiS flocculant reduced the dosage of PACl coagulant from 5,000 mg/L to 2,750 mg/L with removal efficiencies of 99.3%, 97.3%, and 67.4% for SS, color, and COD, respectively.

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Jenny Siew Lee Chew ◽  
Agnes Yin Yee Ho ◽  
Boon Chin Lim ◽  
Wai Loon Chan ◽  
Yeek Chia Ho ◽  
...  

Natural source of coagulant is certainly being considered in addressing the disadvantages associated with the use of inorganic coagulants. Annona muricata is hypothesized to be new material as natural coagulant aid in coagulation-flocculation process. On the other hand, due to the high lipids content in microalgae, namely, Chlorella vulgaris is used in producing renewable energy, i.e. biodiesel. Coagulation-flocculation is an effective method in microalgae harvesting. Thus, in this study, a novel natural coagulant aid extracted from fruit waste in algae harvesting. It is aimed to (1) to extract natural coagulant aid (hereafter is known as biopolymer) extracted from Annona muricata seeds in algae harvesting, and (2) to evaluate the operational conditions of coagulation-flocculation process by utilizing the biopolymer. As a result, it is observed that acid extraction and extraction through sodium chloride does not show any yield. On the other hand, the harvesting efficiency showed positive response as coagulant aid at 20 mg/L.


2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Faiz Muaz Ahmad Zamri ◽  
Mohd Suffian Yusoff ◽  
Hamidi Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohd Anuar Kamaruddin

In this research, a physico-chemical treatment method of coagulation-flocculation process is implemented in treating partially stabilized leachate from Matang Landfill, Perak, Malaysia. Central composite design has been used to optimize the independent variables namely polyaluminum chloride (PAC) coagulant dosage (A), rapid mixing speed (B) and rapid mixing time (C). The experimental results were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that the percentage of color and COD removal was found increased by increasing rapid mixing speed with optimum removal of 95 % and 56 % respectively. Besides, the R-squared values implied that 86.22 % and 97.34% of the total variation explained by the model equation. Furthermore, the model analysis revealed that rapid mixing speed were significant for removal of color and COD through single parameter (B) and interaction between parameter (AB) respectively. This finding proves the influence of mixing parameter in coagulation-flocculation process for leachate treatment.


2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Suffian Yusoff ◽  
Noor Aina Mohamad Zuki

Landfill still remains the most commonly employed treatment for municipal solid waste disposal around the world, which generates a high-strength wastewater with complex constituents referred to as landfill leachate. As consequences, if not properly treated and safely disposed, leachate can migrate into soil and subsoils which might cause severe damage to eco-system of land, surface water and groundwater. Aim of this paper is to establish the optimum parameters of starch-based coagulant as an alternative coagulant to remove suspended solid (SS), colour, turbidity, carbon oxygen demand (COD), and ammoniacal-nitrogen in leachate treatment by using RSM method. Leachate was collected from Matang Landfill Site, Perak, Malaysia. In this paper, the efficiency of Jackfruit seeds starch (JSS) act as a coagulant aid is established by using Kategunya method with percentage yield of 33.67%. The starch obtained is then used together with polyaluminium chloride (PAC) in leachate sample. The removal efficiency was determined by a series of experiments using jar test. By using three independent variables including pH, dosage of PAC and dosage of JSS for Central Composite Design (CCD) of RSM, optimum removal of response parameters is carried out. As a result, optimum removal of COD at pH 5, 523.32 mg/L of PAC, 400 mg/L of JSS gives Prob.>F significantly with only 4.32% error. The results showed that, addition of JSS as coagulant aid also helps to reduce the dosage of PAC as well as JSS in leachate. As a conclusion, JSS can be used as a coagulant aid to PAC.


2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (46) ◽  
pp. 21817-21826 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Assou ◽  
L. El Fels ◽  
A. El Asli ◽  
H. Fakidi ◽  
S. Souabi ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Bruno Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Roselene Maria Schneider ◽  
Adriana Garcia do Amaral ◽  
Milene Carvalho Bongiovani ◽  
Ednaldo Antonio de Andrade

Effluents generated in landfills are difficult to treat and require different forms of treatment to reach the necessary polishing for disposal. Leachate is usually treated in stabilization ponds where pollutants are significantly removed, but it might not be enough for disposal. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the applicability of the natural coagulant Tanfloc SG and the chemical coagulant PAC, with the addition of the anionic flocculation auxiliary polymer (PA), in the coagulation / flocculation processes as a post-treatment of landfill effluents. The tests were carried out by means of a jar test, with coagulant dosage ranging from 0 - 1,250 mg.L-1 and pH values ranging from 5 - 9, in three decantation times. The results showed that both Tanfloc SG and PAC are efficient in clarifying the effluents, even though they act well in different dosage values of coagulants and pH. The polymer dosage did not generate significant improvements in the variations of the variables studied, however, in some experiments it was shown to expand removal range in regards to some variables. The PAC coagulant showed to be efficient in the removal of suspended solids, dissolved materials, colloidals and humic substances, and Tanfloc SG acted mainly in the removal of solids. 


Author(s):  
Sedolfo Carrasquero ◽  
María Fernanda Martínez ◽  
María Gabriela Castro ◽  
Altamira Díaz ◽  
Gilberto Colina

  Los coagulantes químicos inorgánicos son los más usados actualmente en el proceso de potabilización; sin embargo, a través de estudios se ha demostrado que los mismos tienen un efecto perjudicial en la salud de los seres humanos. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la eficiencia de las semillas de tamarindo (Tamarindus indica) como coagulante natural en el proceso de potabilización de las aguas. Se usó el ensayo de jarras para simular el proceso de coagulación, floculación y sedimentación, y determinar la efectividad del preparado con semillas, sin desgrasar y desgrasadas, y compararla con la correspondiente al coagulante químico. Se preparó agua turbia sintética (5000 mg/L) utilizando caolín en agua de grifo, se midieron los parámetros: turbidez, pH, color, alcalinidad total, sólidos totales, antes y después de la aplicación de distintas dosis del preparado con semillas (10; 25; 50; 100; 250 y 500 mg/L) en soluciones con diferentes valores de turbidez (10, 15, 25, 50, 75, 100 y 200 UNT). El uso de las semillas de tamarindo sin desgrasar como coagulante en aguas de 200 UNT permitió obtener valores residuales de turbidez menores a los establecidos por las normas sanitarias venezolanas de calidad del agua (5 UNT), con porcentajes promedios de remoción de 97,6%. Sin embargo, en aguas de media (50-75 UNT) y baja turbidez (15 UNT), las aguas tratadas presentaron valores superiores al límite establecido. Con respecto al color, sólidos totales, alcalinidad total y pH, los valores después del tratamiento fueron 10 UC Pt-Co, 150 mg/L, 75 mg CaCO3/L, y 6,79, respectivamente, por lo que la semilla de tamarindo puede ser utilizada con éxito como coagulante en la potabilización de aguas.   Palabras clave: Tamarindus indica, sulfato de aluminio, coagulantes naturales, potabilización.   Abstract   Currently, chemical origins coagulants are used in water purification processes; however, it has been shown through different studies that they have a detrimental effect on the health of humans. The objective of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of seed extract of tamarind as a natural coagulant in water treatment process. A jar test was used in order to simulate the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation processes. A synthetic turbid water using kaolin in tap water was prepared. The parameters turbidity, pH, color, alkalinity and total solids were measured before and after the application of natural coagulant at different doses (25; 50; 100; 250 and 500 mg/L) in solutions with different initial turbidity (10, 15, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 NTU). The use of Tamarindus indica seeds without fat and oils in water of 200 TNU allowed to obtain turbidity residuals values lower than those established by the Venezuelan sanitary norms of water quality (5 NTU) with average removal percentages of 97.6%. However, in waters of medium (50-75 TNU) and low turbidity (15 NTU), the treated waters presented values above the established limit. With respect to color, total solids, total alkalinity and pH, the values after the treatment were 10 CU Pt-CO, 150 mg/L, 75 mg CaCO3/L and 6.79, respectively, so the tamarind seed can be used as a coagulant in water purification.   Key words: coagulant, water treatment, Tamarindus indica, kaolin, aluminum sulfate.


Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfiq J. H. Banch ◽  
Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽  
Abbas F. M. Alkarkhi ◽  
Salem S. Abu Amr

In this study, tannin-based natural coagulant was used to treat stabilized landfill leachate. Tannin modified with amino group was utilized for the treatment process. Central composite design (CCD) was used to investigate and optimize the effect of tannin dosage and pH on four responses. The treatment efficiency was evaluated based on the removal of four selected (responses) parameters; namely, chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, NH3–N and total suspended solids (TSS). The optimum removal efficiency for COD, TSS, NH3–N and color was obtained using a tannin dosage of 0.73 g at a pH of 6. Moreover, the removal efficiency for selected heavy metals from leachate; namely, iron (Fe2+), zinc (Zn2+), copper (Cu2+), chromium (Cr2+), cadmium (Cd2+), lead (Pb2+), arsenic (As3+), and cobalt (Co2+) was also investigated. The results for removal efficiency for COD, TSS, NH3–N, and color were 53.50%, 60.26%, and 91.39%, respectively. The removal of selected heavy metals from leachate for Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, As3+ and cobalt Co2+ were 89.76%, 94.61%, 94.15%, 89.94%, 17.26%, 93.78%, 86.43% and 84.19%, respectively. The results demonstrate that tannin-based natural coagulant could effectively remove organic compounds and heavy metals from stabilized landfill leachate.


2020 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 109737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sze Yin Cheng ◽  
Pau-Loke Show ◽  
Joon Ching Juan ◽  
Tau Chuan Ling ◽  
Beng Fye Lau ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Hamidi Abdul Aziz ◽  
Nur Syahirah Rahmat ◽  
Motasem Y. D. Alazaiza

Chemical-based coagulants and flocculants are commonly used in the coagulation–flocculation process. However, the drawbacks of using these chemical materials have triggered researchers to find natural materials to substitute or reduce the number of chemical-based coagulants and flocculants. This study examines the potential application of Nephelium lappaceum seeds as a natural coagulant–coagulant aid with Tin (IV) chloride (SnCl4) in eliminating suspended solids (SS), colour, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from landfill leachate. Results showed that the efficiency of Nephelium lappaceum was low when used as the main coagulant in the standard jar test. When SnCl4 was applied as a single coagulant, as much as 98.4% of SS, 96.8% of colour and 82.0% of COD was eliminated at an optimal dose of 10.5 g/L and pH 7. The higher removal efficiency of colour (88.8%) was obtained when 8.40 g/L of SnCl4 was applied with a support of 3 g/L of Nephelium lappaceum. When SnCl4 was utilised as a coagulant, and Nephelium lappaceum seed was used as a flocculant, the removal of pollutants generally improved. Overall, this research showed that Nephelium lappaceum seed is a viable natural alternative for treating landfill leachate as a coagulant aid.


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