scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban schools in Kamsar Republic of Guinea

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Ibrahima K. Ibrahima BARRY ◽  
Ibrahima CONDE ◽  
Emmanuel CAMARA ◽  
Marie E. HYJAZI ◽  
Moustapha KOUYATE
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Republic Of Guinea

Introduction. Overweight is a consequence of nutritional transitions, seden-tarity lifestyle, and poverty. Objective. To determine the prevalence of overweight in schools. Population and methods. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, uni and bi varied analytics, and logistic regression. The CHI2 of Pearson, and Wald have been ap-plied. Odds ratio (OR), and risk factors were estimated. Results. Data concerned 300 children (49% of boys), with a sex ratio of 1.02, an average age of 14 (±2 years), and an overweight of 25%. Factors associated with overweight were ethnicity type [P - 0.000 (OR to 95%) 1.00 (0.000 – 2.000)], gender [P - 0.006 (OR to 95% CI) 2.00 (1.000 – 3.000)], family history: obesity [P - 0.000 (OR to 95% CI) 3.00 (1.000 – 6.000)], high blood pressure (HBP) [P - 0.015 (OR to 95% CI) 1.00 (1.000 – 3.000)],type 2 diabetes (T2D) [P - 0.002 (OR to 95% CI) 2.00 (1.000 – 4.000)], meals number [P - 0.000 (OR to 95% CI) 3.00 (2.000 – 6.000)], activities by week [P - 0.000 (OR to 95% CI) 4.00 (2.000 – 7.000)], and age [P - 0.000 (OR to 95% CI) 7.00 (4.068 –12.000)]. Conclusion. Overweight is high in boys. Family history, as obesity, T2D, HBP, meals number, lacks of activities increase this risk.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Okoth Achila ◽  
Millen Ghebretinsae ◽  
Abraham Kidane ◽  
Michael Simon ◽  
Shewit Makonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

The values of cardio-ankle vascular and ankle-brachial indices in patients with carbohydrate metabolic disorders: The ESSE-RF study in the Kemerovo Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
A N Sumin ◽  
N A Bezdenezhnykh ◽  
N V Fedorova ◽  
A V Shcheglova ◽  
E V Indukaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Aim. To investigate factors associated with pathological cardio-ankle vascular and ankle-brachial indices (CAVI and ABI) in patients with carbohydrate metabolic disorders (CMD). Subjects and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the framework of the multicenter epidemiological study “Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Risk Factors in the Russian Federation” (ESSE-RF) in March to October 2013. The standard ESSE-RF protocol was extended by an additional study of peripheral arterial stiffness, by estimating CAVI and ABI automatically. A sample of 1619 people was formed in several stages, in which 311 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes were identified and divided into 3 groups: 1) 41 patients with pathological CAVI values (≥9.0); 2) 241 with normal CAVI (

scholarly journals Rural prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 082-086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetal Rathod ◽  
Sanjay Darade ◽  
Uday Chitnis ◽  
Jitendra Bhawalkar ◽  
Sudhir Jadhav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio

Abstract Background: Recent studies in India indicate rising trends of diabetes even in rural areas. Continuous monitoring of the diabetes situation is required by repeated cross sectional studies in different parts of the country both urban rural to plan control measures. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in a sample of rural population and explore associations between diabetes and known risk factors. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in 3 villages in the rural field practice area of a medical college in Pune, India. All eligible adults of both genders were included and screened for diabetes by house to house survey. A total of 1000 subjects were examined. Physical examination included measuring height, weight, and waist hip ratio. Blood glucose was estimated using glucometer. Family history of diabetes was also elicited. Data was analysed by descriptive statistics using proportions with 95% confidence intervals. Various associations were explored using using Odds Ratio with 95% confidence intervals as applicable. Results: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 9.1% (91/1000; 95% CI 7.4, 11). Most cases of newly detected diabetics were in the age group 36 - 40 years. There was no association between gender and diabetes (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.88, 2.17). Overweight status was associated with diabetes: 38.5% (35/91) of diabetics were overweight compared to 18.6% (169/909) of non-diabetics (OR = 2.74, 95% CI 1.69, 4.41). Similarly abnormal waist hip ratio was associated with diabetes: 47.25% (43/91) of diabetics had high waist hip ratio compared with 29.59% (269/909) of non-diabetics (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.35, 3.37). Also family history was strongly associated with diabetes: 27.5% (25/91) of diabetics gave positive family history compared with 9.4% (85/909) of non-diabetics (OR = 3.67, 95% CI = 2.13, 6.30). Conclusion: The burden of diabetes was present in the rural population studied. The associated known risk factors were also prevalent and showed strong relationship with diabetes. Diabetes mellitus erstwhile thought to be a disease of urban life appears to be equally prevalent in the rural setting.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

scholarly journals A retrospective cross-sectional study for predicting 72-h mortality in patients with serum aspartate aminotransferase levels ≥ 3000 U/L

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Saito ◽  
Hitoshi Sugawara ◽  
Tamami Watanabe ◽  
Akira Ishii ◽  
Takahiko Fukuchi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase

AbstractRisk factors associated with 72-h mortality in patients with extremely high serum aspartate aminotransferase levels (AST; ≥ 3000 U/L) are unknown. This single-centre, retrospective, case-controlled, cross-sectional study obtained data from medical records of adult patients treated at Saitama Medical Center, Japan, from 2005 to 2019. We conducted a multivariate logistic after adjusting for age, sex, height, weight, body mass index, Brinkman Index, vital signs, biochemical values, updated Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, CCI components, and underlying causes. A logistic regression model with selected validity risks and higher C-statistic for predicting 72-h mortality was established. During the 15-year period, 428 patients (133 non-survivors and 295 survivors [cases and controls by survival < 72 and ≥ 72 h, respectively]) with AST levels ≥ 3000 U/L were identified. The 72-h mortality rate was 133/428 (31.1%). The model used for predicting 72-h mortality through the assessment of alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, serum sodium, potassium, and phosphorus levels had a C-statistic value of 0.852 (sensitivity and specificity, 76.6%). The main independent risk factors associated with 72-h mortality among patients with AST levels ≥ 3000 U/L included higher serum values of alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, serum sodium, potassium, and phosphorus.

A cross-sectional study to collect risk factors associated with stillbirths in pig herds

2010 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vanderhaeghe ◽  
J. Dewulf ◽  
S. Ribbens ◽  
A. de Kruif ◽  
D. Maes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document