scholarly journals KOTA-KOTA EKS KERESIDENAN KEDU (KAJIAN MORFOLOGI KOTA BERSEJARAH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-182
Author(s):  
Dwi Pradnyawan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Morphology ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Growth And Change ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
City Structure ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

The cities of the former Kedu Residency are part of cities in Java that have experienced growth and change over time. Although not a big cities in its time, the cities of the former Kedu Residency show an important role in the interior of Central Java. Its distinctive history in the 19th and 20th centuries formed a city center with an interesting city structure to study. This study aims to study the urban centers of the former Kedu Residency, namely the City of Magelang, Purworejo, Temanggung, Wonosobo, and Kebumen through urban morphology approach by observing the forms (morpho) of the city, such as urban tissue or city shaped, road tissue, land arrangements and buildings. The morphology analysis of the city in the urban centers of the former Kedu Residency shows the interesting facts, namely the development of the city, specifically the city center, from time to time while maintaining the basic characteristics of the traditional city morphology.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Urban Morphology to the Formation of the Microclimate in Compact Urban Cores: A Study in the City Center of Thessaloniki

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Georgios-Rafail Kouklis ◽  
Athena Yiannakou
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
City Center ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contribution of urban morphology to the formation of microclimatic conditions prevailing within urban outdoor spaces. We studied the compact form of a city and examined, at a detailed, street plan level, elements related to air temperature, urban ventilation, and the individual’s thermal comfort. All elements examined are directly affected by both the urban form and the availability of open and green spaces. The field study took place in a typical compact urban fabric of an old city center, the city center of Thessaloniki, where we investigated the relationship between urban morphology and microclimate. Urban morphology was gauged by examining the detailed street plan, along with the local building patterns. We used a simulation method based on the ENVI-met© software. The findings of the field study highlight the fact that the street layout, the urban canyon, and the open and green spaces in a compact urban form contribute decisively both to the creation of the microclimatic conditions and to the influence of the bioclimatic parameters.

scholarly journals Circular Statistics Applied to the Study of the Solar Radiation Potential of Rooftops in a Medium-Sized City

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2813 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Eugenia Polo ◽  
Mar Pozo ◽  
Elia Quirós
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Circular Data ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
City Center ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
The City

Solar energy constitutes one of the most effective alternative energy sources for combating climate change. However, the solar potential in a city can vary depending on the urban morphology. The purpose of this paper is to perform a directional statistical analysis of the distribution of the monthly solar potential of rooftops in the city of Cáceres, Spain, in relation to the orientations and slopes of the rooftops. Two residential areas, one in the city center and one on the outskirts of the city, and an industrial zone, all of which exhibit different urban morphologies, have been evaluated. Statistics have been assessed in consideration of the orientation and slope values of the rooftops as circular data, and the radiation values as linear data. The three dissimilar urban morphologies result in different solar potential values, and the monthly disaggregation of the data enables the ability to detect the differences existing in the solar potential between each zone, during each month. The proposed analysis could also be extrapolated to urban planning for the design of more sustainable cities to face the challenges associated with climate change.

scholarly journals The Decreasing Population Bias in Tornado Reports across the Central Plains

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Elsner ◽  
Laura E. Michaels ◽  
Kelsey N. Scheitlin ◽  
Ian J. Elsner
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
City Center ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Country Report ◽  
Bias Model ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Population Bias ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Tornado–hazard assessment is hampered by a population bias in the available data. Here, the authors demonstrate a way to statistically quantify this bias using the ratio of city to country report densities. The expected report densities come from a model of the number of reports as a function of distance from the nearest city center. On average since 1950, reports near cities with populations of at least 1000 in a 5.5° latitude × 5.5° longitude region centered on Russell, Kansas, exceed those in the country by 70% [54%, 84%; 95% confidence interval (CI)]. The model is applied to 10-yr moving windows to show that the percentage is decreasing with time. Over the most recent period (2002–11), the tornado report density in the city is slightly fewer than 3 reports (100 km2)−1 (100 yr)−1, and this value is statistically indistinguishable from the report density in the country. On average, the population bias is less pronounced for Fujita (F) scale F0 tornadoes, but the bias disappears more quickly over time for the F1 and stronger tornadoes. The authors show evidence that this decline could be related in part to an increase in the number of storm chasers. The population-bias model can enhance the usefulness of the Storm Prediction Center's tornado database and help create more meaningful spatial climatologies.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Ring Road Conclusion to the City of Guimarães, Portugal: Analysis of Variations of Traffic Flows and Accessibilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
High Traffic Volume ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The high traffic volume is the main source of the congestion in cities, which is a big problem on transportation systems. This congestion is the main cause of the increase in the level of noise and air pollution in urban centers what directly affects the quality of life of the population. Also, contributing to the big number of vehicle conflicts that affects the performance of the transportation systems and the quality of life of the population. These problems are the result of the high volumes of the through traffic. Therefore, to reduce the traffic volume in urban center of Guimarães, Portugal we studied a possible conclusion of the ring road, on the slope of the Penha hill for the morning peak hour. To carry out our study, the Origin – Destination Matrix for peak hour was estimated from the data of traffic counts. Concluding that there was a reduction of the traffic volume in the section of the ring road that was already built. However, in the city center there were no major variations of the traffic volume and accessibilities.

scholarly journals Motivations for choosing brick-and-mortar stores between urban commerce and shopping centers: the case of Logroño retail

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Yolanda Sierra-Murillo ◽  
Jorge Pelegrín-Borondo ◽  
Cristina Olarte-Pascual ◽  
Natalia Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The City ◽  
Fundamental Conclusion

The aim of this work is to identify the reasons behind the choice of brick-and-mortar stores to make purchases and provide new evidence of the role that such establishments play in the omnichannel environment. An empirical study carried out in the city of Logroño (Spain) shows that utilitarian and hedonic motives are intertwined and differ according to age. Young people opt for shopping centers and the range of products and services they have to offer. Adults and elderly customers associate personal attention with shops located in the city center. The fundamental conclusion of the present work is that the establishments located in shopping centers and urban centers can coexist, each developing their own strengths. Both types of establishments provide interesting benefits for consumers who, in certain situations, opt for brick-and-mortar stores and value the offline shopping experience.

The Panathenaia and Local Festivals

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Julia L. Shear
Keyword(s):  
Change Over Time ◽  
Civil Strife ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Unlike the four Panhellenic festivals with their focus on what it meant to be Greek, regional and city celebrations and their competitions concentrated on more local concerns. At the Panathenaia at Athens, the Eretrian Artemisia at Amarynthos, and the Delia on Delos, how one participated in the competitions and other spectacles was crucial to the dynamics of the festival and the construction of its politics. In the case of the Panathenaia, the restrictions on participation kept the focus on Athenians and those closely associated with the city. The Artemisia concentrated on local issues, particularly in the years after 340 bce on recovering from civil strife, while the Delia functioned at the level of the region. Both the Artemisia and the Delia show how the politics of a celebration may change over time. These local festivals existed in tension between the needs of the sponsoring community and its relationships to other cities and region(s).

scholarly journals The Marginal Cost of Traffic Congestion and Road Pricing: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 418-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
Avralt-Od Purevjav ◽  
Shanjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Restriction Policy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Severe traffic congestion is ubiquitous in large urban centers. This paper provides the first causal estimate of the relationship between traffic density and speed and optimal congestion charges using real-time fine-scale traffic data in Beijing. The identification relies on plausibly exogenous variation in traffic density induced by Beijing’s driving restriction policy. Optimal congestion charges range from 5 to 39 cents per km depending on time and location. Road pricing would increase traffic speed by 11 percent within the city center and lead to an annual welfare gain of ¥1.5 billion from reduced congestion and revenue of ¥10.5 billion. (JEL H23, O18, P25, R41, R48)

scholarly journals Patterns of origin, formation and spatial movement of the center of Saint-Petersburg in the 1703-1730s

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 04028
Author(s):  
Sergey Sementsov ◽  
Yuri Pukharenko
Keyword(s):  
City Center ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Spatial Concepts ◽  
The Real ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Spatial Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

On the basis of numerous archival and published materials and data, project ideas and the real history of the formation and development of the historical center of Saint-Petersburg on the Gorodskoy Island (in 1703-1720), Vasilyevsky Island (in 1721-1730) and on the Admiralteyskaya side (since the 1730s) are considered as stages of gradual crystallization of various spatial concepts of the capital’s development. The structure of the city center that changed over time is revealed. The results of the study: a fairly clear correspondence is shown between the stages of development of spatial and structural ideas and the transfer of the capital’s center to new territories, depending on changes in the state’s prestigious landmarks.

scholarly journals Medan Plaza Hotel and Mall As One of The Icons of Medan City (Monumental Architecture)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Albert Tambunan ◽  
Wahyu Utami
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
General Public ◽  
Complex Society ◽  
City Center ◽  
Monumental Architecture ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
The Times ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Medan Plaza that built in 1982 is one of the pioneers of high-rise malls and buildings that can be considered modern and became the pride of the city of Medan. Over time, more than twenty years later, more and more malls have sprung up in Medan and also building mall coupled with the hotel or apartment. The liability to build high-rise buildings is also the answer to the increasing lack of land in the city center. Besides that, high-rise buildings which interconnected with each other are answers to the needs of the times, that constitute an integrated unit of an organism, the city, which has various activities connected to each other in a system. Hotel and mall have a crucial role in meeting the needs of society. The existence of a single entity with the hotel mall gives ease in meeting the needs of shopping and sightseeing the hotel guests. Facilities at the hotel also required of the general public that with the restaurant, pool, ballroom, gym, etc. Hotel and the mall is a response to the needs of a complex society.

scholarly journals Activate the city center utility Measure the variables to activate the functionality of the city center case stady: AL-Kut city center

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-173
Author(s):  
احسان عباس جاسم
Keyword(s):  
Urban Transport ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
City Center ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Performance Career ◽  
Center Axis ◽  
The City

Cities turn constantly grow and decay, Jobs many of its parts are constantly changing and therefore land use change, this change is a natural thing and the year of the ways of the universe, but in all cases and in all kinds of cities and all over the world is the city center is the city center of the most important of their parts and linked to the effectiveness of the city economic and social Hoitha closely linked to design the city center, whether small cities and concentric or large multicenter Disembowels main center axis performance career city it contains a large share of the buildings of all ages and styles and play an important and unique role in economic and social development so the city in order to be strong and prosperous must be right position and strong and free of problems. And make up the commercial, social and cultural center, this area is the most parts of the city easy access, where the focus of the urban transport network. The rapid growth of the Iraqi cities has led to a rapid transformation in the city centers, this transformation has not planned well and appropriately and led thus to the decline in the quality of life in cities, research has investigated the best ways and methods to determine the growth centers and Taktihaa trends to fit into the new job with the expansion of cities, as was the use of surveys and analysis of geographic information systems, and search out that urban centers are suffering a lot of problems and defects and should be reconsidered and planned development of appropriate its standards.

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