scholarly journals Toxicity of pesticides to Aphelinus mali the parasitoid of woolly apple aphid

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.J. Rogers ◽  
N. Sharma ◽  
D.C. Stretton ◽  
J.T.S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Laboratory Bioassay ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Residual Toxicity ◽  
Lime Sulphur ◽  
Aphelinus Mali

The parasitoid Aphelinus mali controls woolly apple aphid (WAA; Eriosoma lanigerum) in New Zealand apple orchards The effects of seven pesticides on A mali exposed to residues on filter paper were assessed in a laboratory bioassay immediately postapplication Spinosad at label rate was moderately to highly toxic but other compounds and lower rates of spinosad had no detrimental effects on A mali Another bioassay incorporating field application and exposure to aged residues on leaves determined the toxicity of carbaryl diazinon indoxacarb and lime sulphur Carbaryl had the greatest residual toxicity to A mali on harvested leaves causing 85 mortality 21 days after application declining to 40 by 28 days In contrast diazinon initially caused high mortality but residues were not toxic 15 days after application while indoxyacarb and lime sulphur were not toxic Minimising the use of pesticides toxic to A mali should benefit the sustainable management of WAA in apple orchards

SOME ASPECTS OF A RYANIA-GLYODIN SPRAY SCHEDULE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA APPLE ORCHARDS: I. ENTOMOLOGICAL, HORTICULTURAL, AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

1957 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. G. Morgan ◽  
N. H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Predacious Mites ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Aphis Pomi ◽  
Lime Sulphur ◽  
Modified Schedule

In apple orchards at Summerland, B.C., four applications of 100 per cent ryania at 48 lb. per acre per application, with glyodin as the fungicide, gave control of light infestations of the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.), similar to that from four sprays of 50 per cent DDT at 12 lb. per acre, with lime-sulphur, ferbam, and wettable sulphur. In a heavily-infested orchard, ryania was inferior to DDT. The ryania-glyodin schedule also controlled the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausm.), and the apple aphid, Aphis pomi DeG. It had little detrimental effect on predacious mites. Except for the apple rust mite, Vasates schlechtendali (Nal.), phytophagous mites were usually not so troublesome where the modified schedule was used.Packing-house records showed that the ryania-glyodin schedule reduced the size and lowered the grade of McIntosh, Newtown, and Delicious apples, and reduced the size of Red Delicious. Grade of Red Delicious was better with the modified than with the standard schedule. The 1954 applications of the modified schedule evidently reduced the size of the 1955 crops on all varieties; most seriously affected were McIntosh with 76.2 per cent reduction and Delicious with 53.7 per cent.

scholarly journals Parasitism on Eriosoma lanigerum (Homoptera: Aphididae) by Aphelinus mali (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on apple orchards, in Fraiburgo county, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lino Bittencourt Monteiro ◽  
Alexander Souza ◽  
Edson Luiz Belli
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
One Year

The parasitism of the woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann) by Aphelinus mali (Hald.) was evaluated in apple orchards cultivated with the varieties Gala and Fuji in Fraiburgo County, State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Colonies of the woolly apple aphid were evaluated during one year on 16 apple trees of each variety, starting in August 1999. The number of aphids at the mummy stage or presenting the orifice of the parasitoid emergence was recorded. Results have shown that A. mali parasitized more than 50% of the woolly apple aphids and occurred during the four seasons. It was concluded that that under these conditions no chemical control against the aphid is necessary for the apple varieties Gala and Fuji.

scholarly journals Earlyseason use of insecticides for management of woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum) in Nelson apple orchards

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
P.W. Shaw ◽  
D.R. Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Aphelinus Mali

A spray strategy to control woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum WAA) was assessed on apple orchards in Nelson Carbaryl applied for fruit thinning was either sprayed alone or combined with diazinon on Braeburn apples at four orchard sites infested with WAA The diazinon plus carbaryl treatment reduced WAA levels and there were lower numbers of WAAinfested shoots with considerably fewer colonies on branches and shoots in November Numbers of WAA colonies on shoots in January were 50 lower overall in the diazinon plus carbaryl treatment There was an initial decline in numbers of the WAA parasitoid Aphelinus mali in both treatments but they increased steadily during the season and high levels of parasitism were evident by harvest The parasitoid was able to suppress the lower populations of WAA in the diazinon plus carbaryl treatment and this resulted in significantly lower levels of WAA shoot and fruit infestation and bud damage in late March

Laboratory comparison of twoAphelinus maliclades for control of woolly apple aphid from Hebei Province, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-405
Author(s):  
M. Su ◽  
X. Tan ◽  
Q. Yang ◽  
C. Zhao ◽  
F. Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shandong Province ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Host Searching ◽  
Eriosoma Lanigerum ◽  
Developmental Threshold ◽  
Woolly Apple Aphid ◽  
Effective Accumulated Temperature ◽  
Aphelinus Mali ◽  
Accumulated Temperature

AbstractAphelinus mali(Haldeman) is an effective natural enemy of woolly apple aphid (WAA),Eriosoma lanigerum(Hausmann). Previous studies have found that, with WAA from Shandong Province (Qingdao) as the host, there are significant differences in various biological characteristics between a Shandong clade and Liaoning clade ofA. mali. The ability of the Shandong clade to control this aphid was significantly higher than that of the Liaoning clade in Shandong Province. In order to determine whether differences were caused by better adaptation of the Shandong parasitoid clade to the population of the host in that province or if it represents a more general fitness of this clade to control the host regardless of location, we compared the same parasitoid clades with hosts from Hebei Province. We found no significant differences in the developmental threshold temperature, effective accumulated temperature, fecundity, longevity, and oviposition period of the two clades, but the duration of host searching of the Shandong clade was significantly longer than that of the Liaoning clade. The instantaneous attack rate, the control ability (a/Th), the search parameter (Q) of the Shandong clade (0.0946, 0.543, 0.0725) ofA. maliwere higher than that of the Liaoning clade (0.0713, 0.382, 0.0381), and therefore, with WAA from Hebei Province as the host, the host adaptability of the Shandong clade ofA. maliwas not worse than that of the Liaoning clade, while the pest control ability of the Shandong clade was still greater than that of the Liaoning clade.

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