scholarly journals The Relationship between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Default-Mode Network Connectivity in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Suk Lee ◽  
Jong Hun Kim ◽  
Seon-Koo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Montreal Neurological Institute ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
The Relationship

Objective Neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia are prevalent and extremely burdening for the patient and caregivers, but the underlying mechanism of these symptoms has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms and default-mode functional connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease.Methods Neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on seventy patients with Alzheimer’s disease during rest. We conducted a seed-based functional connectivity analysis to identify anterior and posterior default-mode networks (DMN). Seeds were the medial prefrontal cortex (Montreal Neurological Institute 12, 51, 36; seed radius=3 mm) for the anterior DMN and the precuneus (Montreal Neurological Institute -6, -63, 27; seed radius=3 mm) for the posterior DMN We then correlated the scores on neuropsychiatric inventory syndromes (apathy, hyperactivity, affective, and psychosis syndrome) with maps of connectivity in the default-mode network.Results There was a significant correlation between decreased connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex of the anterior defaultmode network and hyperactivity (agitation, irritability, aberrant motor behavior, euphoria, and disinhibition) syndrome (p<0.05, family wise error cluster-level corrected).Conclusion Our study demonstrated that hyperactivity syndrome is related to hypoconnected default-mode network in Alzheimer’s disease. This finding suggests that specific network alterations are associated with certain neuropsychiatric syndromes.

scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Mediated the Relationship Between Odor Identification and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease Spectrum: A Structural Equation Model Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Ben Chen ◽  
Xiaomei Zhong ◽  
Huarong Zhou ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Odor Identification ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Odor identification dysfunction is an early predictor of the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), which are common in AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), are also associated with odor identification dysfunction. Whether NPS affect the specificity of using odor identification dysfunction to predict cognitive decline in AD and MCI remains unclear.Methods: Patients (233 with MCI and 45 with AD) and 45 healthy controls (HCs) underwent assessments of odor identification (Sniffin' Sticks), NPS (Neuropsychiatric Inventory-12), and cognitive function (global cognition, memory, language, executive function, visual-spatial skill, and attention). Structural equation modeling (SEM) with bootstrapping estimation was conducted to explore the relationships between odor identification, NPS, and cognition.Results: Patients with NPS showed significantly worse performance in odor identification and cognition than patients without NPS and HCs. The SEM showed odor identification to be positively associated with cognition, and cognition had special indirect effects on odor identification through affective and psychosis symptoms (two factors extracted from Neuropsychiatric Inventory-12). Additionally, affective and psychosis symptoms partially mediated the effect of cognition on odor identification.Conclusion: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated with odor identification dysfunction in patients with AD and MCI. Studies exploring the relationship between odor identification dysfunction and cognitive decline in patients with AD and MCI should include an assessment of affective and psychosis symptoms, and adjust their confounding effects.

scholarly journals RESTING HEART RATE MODERATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS, MCI, AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S641-S641
Author(s):  
Shanna L Burke
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Little is known about how resting heart rate moderates the relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive status. This study examined the relative risk of NPS on increasingly severe cognitive statuses and examined the extent to which resting heart rate moderates this relationship. A secondary analysis of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set was undertaken, using observations from participants with normal cognition at baseline (13,470). The relative risk of diagnosis with a more severe cognitive status at a future visit was examined using log-binomial regression for each neuropsychiatric symptom. The moderating effect of resting heart rate among those who are later diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was assessed. Delusions, hallucinations, agitation, depression, anxiety, elation, apathy, disinhibition, irritability, motor disturbance, nighttime behaviors, and appetite disturbance were all significantly associated (p&lt;.001) with an increased risk of AD, and a reduced risk of MCI. Resting heart rate increased the risk of AD but reduced the relative risk of MCI. Depression significantly interacted with resting heart rate to increase the relative risk of MCI (RR: 1.07 (95% CI: 1.00-1.01), p&lt;.001), but not AD. Neuropsychiatric symptoms increase the relative risk of AD but not MCI, which may mean that the deleterious effect of NPS is delayed until later and more severe stages of the disease course. Resting heart rate increases the relative risk of MCI among those with depression. Practitioners considering early intervention in neuropsychiatric symptomology may consider the downstream benefits of treatment considering the long-term effects of NPS.

[P4-279]: THE MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX SUPPORTS OF THE SENSE OF SELF IN ALZHEIMER's DISEASE

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7S_Part_29) ◽  
pp. P1392-P1392
Author(s):  
Nathalie Philippi ◽  
Vincent Noblet ◽  
Anne Botzung ◽  
Hedi Ben Malek ◽  
Benjamin Cretin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Sense Of Self

scholarly journals Cognitive Improvement is Correlated with Increased Dynamic Functional Connectivity of Default Mode Network by Personalized rTMS in Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wei ◽  
Jintao Wang ◽  
Yingchun Zhang ◽  
Luoyi Xu ◽  
Kehua Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach

Abstract Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is thought to be a promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease patients. Methods In the present report, a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled rTMS trial was conducted in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease patients. High-frequency rTMS was delivered to a subject-specific left lateral parietal region that demonstrated highest functional connectivity with the hippocampus using resting-state fMRI. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Philadelphia Verbal Learning Test (PVLT) were used to evaluate patients’ cognitive functions. Results Patients receiving active rTMS treatment (n = 31) showed a significant increase in the MMSE, PVLT-Immediate recall, and PVLT-Short Delay recall scores after two weeks of rTMS treatment, whereas patients who received sham rTMS (n = 27) did not show significant changes in these measures. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) magnitude of the default mode network (DMN) in the active-rTMS group showed a significant increase after two weeks of rTMS treatment, and no significant changes were found in the sham-rTMS group. There was a significantly positive correlation between changes of the MMSE and changes of the dFC magnitude of DMN in the active-rTMS group, but not the sham-rTMS group. Conclusions Our findings are novel in demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the fMRI-guided rTMS treatment in Alzheimer's disease patients, and DMN might play a vital role in therapeutic effectiveness of rTMS in Alzheimer’s disease. Trial registration: China National Medical Research Platform (http://114.255.48.20/login, No:MR-33-20-004217), retrospectively registered 2020-12-23.

scholarly journals Sundown syndrome in patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiani Sartorio Menegardo ◽  
Fernanda Alencar Friggi ◽  
Julia Baldon Scardini ◽  
Tais Souza Rossi ◽  
Thais dos Santos Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Intensity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease Dementia

ABSTRACT The sundown syndrome is a complex neurobehavioral disorder in patients with dementia associated with high financial cost and significant caregiver burden. It is a multifactorial phenomenon with unclear pathophysiology, characterized by the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the evening period. Objective: To analyze the main neuropsychiatric symptoms, their correlation with one another, with comorbidities, and with time of day of greatest symptom intensity in patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational and explanatory study in which caregivers/relatives of elderly patients with dementia were interviewed using a structured tool called the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Results: The sample studied was composed of 38 patients, 60.5% female and 39.5% male, with mean age of 81±6 (67-94) years. A high frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the evening period was observed, predominantly irritability (55.3%), nocturnal behavior (47.4%), and aggressiveness (42.1%). Only 36.8% of the family caregivers used non-pharmacological strategies. Conclusion: The frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms was exacerbated in the evening among patients with Alzheimer’s disease, especially for those behavioral symptoms that had a positive correlation with one another.

scholarly journals Loss of functional connectivity is greater outside the default mode network in nonfamilial early-onset Alzheimer's disease variants

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 2678-2686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manja Lehmann ◽  
Cindee Madison ◽  
Pia M. Ghosh ◽  
Zachary A. Miller ◽  
Michael D. Greicius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Early Onset Alzheimer’S Disease
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