scholarly journals VOLATILITY TRANSMISSION OF BARLEY WORLD PRICE TO THE DOMESTIC MARKET OF IRAN AND THE ROLE OF IRAN MERCANTILE EXCHANGE; AN APPLICATION OF BEKK MODEL

New Medit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Daneshvar Kakhki ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Farsi ◽  
Behzad Fakari ◽  
Moustafa Kojori
Keyword(s):  
Free Market ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Volatility Transmission ◽  
World Price ◽  
Shock Transmission ◽  
Essential Input ◽  
The Garch Model

Barley is one of the main crops after wheat and rice. The importance of this product increases because it is an essential input in the livestock and poultry industries. The prices of input, which used in the livestock and poultry industries, faced fluctuations in recent years. Thus, in this study, the price fluctuation of barley in the Iran Mercantile Exchange, Iran domestic free market and World Market compared by applying the GARCH model. This model applied to monthly prices of barley from March 2009 to February 2017. Also, the volatility and shock transmission of barley price between these three markets analyzed by the BEKK model. The results showed that the price fluctuations of the domestic market are more than the global market. In addition, the shocks and volatilities of the world and Iran free market transmitted to the Iran Mercantile Exchange. Thus, the use of new financial instruments in the domestic free market is necessary.

scholarly journals The Importance of Collaboration and Competition Within and Outside the OECD

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ian Jackson ◽  
John McManus
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
National Governments

The purpose of this paper is to address the role of the OECD in the global marketplace. The paper highlights some current trends in the global market and the changing role of the OECD. In this context, the authors discuss various perspectives on the role of OECD in a globalized world. The authors focus on recent debates on the state of the global economy and the changing position of the OECD in the world market. The authors apply a conceptual approach combined with analyses of data and secondary material. The authors also put forward an argument for investigating what determines competition within and outside the OECD. In this context, creating markets within a global economy requires considerable stimulus on the part of national governments. This necessitates national governments working together in partnership with national and global firms to reduced bureaucracy and increase transparency to boost trade in a cost effective manner. This is seen by some economists to be a prerequisite to future competitiveness. Finally, the authors seek to demonstrate how leading countries within the OECD are building innovative capability to master the challenges and opportunities that the new emerging economies present (such as Brazil).

scholarly journals Latin America’s Domestic Market and the Maintenance of Capitalism

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Berenice Patricia Ramírez López
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
World Market ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Development Technology ◽  
Education Innovation ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Classic Essay ◽  
Financial Transactions

Rodolfo Stavenhagen, in his classic essay “Seven Erroneous Theses about Latin America,” addressed the narrow domestic market, indicating that it was basically a matter of income distribution. It has become clear that the priorities of the Latin American ruling class are focused on the world market rather than the local-national one. During the past 40 years, this class has become more determined to play the role of intermediary, taking its place in the field of trade, commerce, and mainly speculative financial transactions that allow for immediate returns. It does not promote domestic productive investment or the strengthening of education, innovation, or development technology and therefore secure and protected employment. Inequality has increased across the region, along with increasing labor precarity (notably informal employment), and thus the internal market reflects productive and social segmentation and inequality. Rodolfo Stavenhagen en su clásico ensayo acerca de las 7 tesis equivocadas sobre América Latina aborda la cuestión del estrecho mercado interno señalando que es esencialmente una cuestión de distribución del ingreso. Ha quedado claro y más en el periodo neoliberal que la prioridad de la clase dominante latinoamericana está en el mercado mundial, no en lo local-nacional. Queda demostrado que en los últimos cuarenta años ha asumido con más determinación su papel de intermediaria, interesada en situarse en el ámbito del intercambio, del comercio y de las transacciones financieras, principalmente especulativas, que le permitan rentabilidades inmediatas. No promueve en el mercado interno las inversiones productivas ni el fortalecimiento de la educación ni la innovación ni el desarrollo tecnológico y por lo tanto el empleo seguro y protegido. La región muestra que la desigualdad se ha acentuado, que se acompaña de una creciente precarización del empleo, que el empleo informal es lo que más destaca y que por lo tanto el mercado interno expresa la segmentación y desigualdad productiva y social.

Executive Insights: The Korean Automobile Industry—Challenges and Strategies in the Global Market

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Ok Lee ◽  
Keunchul Lee ◽  
Jae-Jin Kim ◽  
Gill-Chin Lim
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

This article deals with the current challenges and future strategies for the Korean automobile industry in the global market. To understand its strengths and weaknesses, the trends of the world market for motor vehicles and the development of the Korean automobile industry are discussed. In the first part, Korea's automobile production in the world market is examined. A brief overview of the production and consumption of automobiles is provided along with a description of the four-stage development of Korean car production. In the second part, various forces of production are identified that affect Korean automakers’ competitiveness in the global market. Capital formation, labor relations, the role of government, management style, production technology, research and development, and workmanship are discussed briefly. Finally, in light of current observations, some of the challenges for the Korean automobile industry in the future are pointed out and some recommendations for automakers, labor, and the government are offered.

scholarly journals Legal services global market: current state and development prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-523
Author(s):  
Oleg A. Yastrebov ◽  
Arina A. Tinkova
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Legal Services ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Current State

The article answers the question: what are the distinctive features of the global legal services market in the context of globalization, as well as what place and role it occupies in international trade and trade policy? The study is divided into 3 parts. The first part structures the main theoretical aspects concerning the legal services world market: the concept and classification of legal services, forms and methods of international trade in legal services. The second part analyzes the market indicators of the global legal services market, characterizes the main problems and trends in its development. The place and role of Russia in the global legal services market are revealed. The third part deals with the foreign trade policy issues, mechanisms for protecting the internal market. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the Services Trade Restrictiveness Index for legal services. The mechanism of countries foreign trade policies influence on the British legal services sector is illustrated in the context of Brexit.

PLACE AND ROLE OF UKRAINE IN THE WORLD WHEAT MARKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-308
Author(s):  
Volodymyr LAGODIIENKO ◽  
Olexander BOGDANOV ◽  
Vladyslav LAGODIIENKO
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
World Market ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Grain Market

Introduction. Wheat production is a leading industry in both the agricultural sector and the public sector as a whole. This is due to his crucial role in ensuring the food security of the country. Considering the leading role of wheat grain in the list of Ukrainian export commodities, there is a need to find a compromise between ensuring the country's food security and increasing the presence of these Ukrainian products on the global market. The purpose of the article is assessment of the place and determination of the role of Ukrainian producers in the world wheat grain market, identification of factors that impede the expansion of the presence of relevant domestic products in the global market. Results. The analysis of world production, final stocks and consumption of wheat grain has allowed to determine the increase of production volumes with excess of consumption rates, which led to price stabilization. An analysis of the volume and structure of world wheat grain exports has made it possible to determine that Ukraine is in the top ten. The largest importers of Ukrainian wheat in Europe are Italy and Spain; Indonesia, Bangladesh and Thailand in Asia. Asia in the overall structure in the 2014-2018 average had about 49 %. Africa ranks second after Asia, with a volume of 28 %, with half imported by Egypt. The prospects for the markets of Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia for export of Ukrainian grain have been substantiated, taking into account trends in population growth, complications of natural conditions for cultivation and low transportation costs. The cost forecast of 1 wheat metric ton for the future is made. The grain market segment occupied by Ukraine according to the quality of its products is considered. The price and quality of imported and exported wheat grain in Ukraine are analyzed. The necessity of increasing the volume of mineral fertilizers application to increase the yield to prove the problem of these disproportions has been proved. Conclusions. Quality of products will become a key factor of competitiveness in the world market of wheat production in the near future. North African countries – Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia – are a promising direction for expanding global markets for Ukrainian wheat. The biggest problem for domestic producers of wheat grain is its poor quality in many parameters. To improve the quality, it is necessary to significantly increase the amount of application of minimal fertilizers. Keywords: wheat grain, world market, production, consumption, final stocks, forecast, slowdown, export, price, quality, fertilizers.

KEGAGALAN PRIVATISASI BUMN DI ERA REZIM ORDE BARU DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI POLITIK

Wacana Publik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul Ma'arif
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Years ◽  
New Order ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Role Of The State

After had being carried out nationalization and hostility against west countries, the New Order regime made important decision to change Indonesia economic direction from etatism system to free market economy. A set of policies were taken in order private sector could play major role in economic. However, when another economic sectors were reformed substantially, effords to reform the State Owned Enterprises had failed. The State Owned Enterprise, in fact, remained to play dominant role like early years of guided democracy era. Role of the State Owned Enterprises was more and more powerfull). The main problem of reforms finally lied on reality that vested interest of bureaucrats (civil or military) was so large that could’nt been overcome. 

The Applied-Ethical Structural Synthesis of International Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (197) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Astroulakis
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Free Market ◽  
National Level ◽  
Applied Ethics ◽  
Global Ethics ◽  
Structural Synthesis ◽  
Policy Theory ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Market Relations

<p>The paper challenges the mainstream stance in the study of applied ethics<br />in international development. Applied ethics is positioned at the macro-social level<br />of global ethics while a specific codification is attempted by formulating international development based on its structural synthesis, in a threefold level: First, the structural synthesis –associated with the framework of existing international development policy–can be found in the ‘market relations’. Second, the analysis specifies the policies applied at the national level and the role of nation-state policy. Third, the paper criticizes the international development institutions’ policies. In each of the levels mentioned above, the analysis reveals the fundamental policy theory issues of neoclassical economics, as the intellectual defender of free market economics.</p>

John Paul II’s Centesimus Annus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Shadle
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Pope John Paul Ii ◽  
John Paul Ii ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
God's Grace ◽  
Centesimus Annus

Pope John Paul II wrote his 1991 encyclical Centesimus Annus to offer a Catholic vision of political and economic life after the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the democratization of many countries in Latin America and Asia. The encyclical provided a stronger defense of the free-market economy than had previous Catholic social teaching, and neoconservative Catholics saw it as a vindication of their views. Centesimus Annus also harshly condemns consumerism, however, and proposes that the state has a greater role in ensuring that the economy serves the common good than do the neoconservatives. John Paul II recognizes the essential role of human creativity and ingenuity in the economy, but balances this by emphasizing that the human person is the recipient of God’s grace.

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