Mitigation Effect of Brief Mindfulness Intervention on Social Anxiety in Individuals with High Rejection Sensitivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-88
Author(s):  
Ki-Suk Nam ◽  
Seong-hoon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Mindfulness Intervention ◽  
High Rejection

scholarly journals Higher Social Rejection Sensitivity in Opioid-Dependent Patients Is Related to Smaller Insula Gray Matter Volume: A Voxel-Based Morphometric Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1187-1195
Author(s):  
Patrick Bach ◽  
Ulrich Frischknecht ◽  
Svenja Klinkowski ◽  
Melanie Bungert ◽  
Damian Karl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Social Rejection ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Social Ostracism

Abstract Opioid-dependent patients are highly sensitized to negative social feedback, and increased social rejection sensitivity was linked to adverse treatment outcome, but its neurobiological underpinnings have not been understood yet. The present study investigated gray matter (GM) volume differences between 19 opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) patients and 20 healthy controls using magnetic resonance imaging and voxel-based morphometry. Associations of GM volumes with subjective feelings of exclusion and inclusion during a social ostracism (Cyberball) paradigm, with rejection sensitivity, social interaction anxiety and social phobia were explored. OMT patients displayed smaller GM volume in the bilateral insula and inferior frontal gyri. Psychometric and task data showed that patients reported significantly higher rejection sensitivity, social anxiety and social phobia scores and felt more excluded and less included during the social ostracism paradigm. Smaller GM volume in the insula was associated with higher subjective exclusion, lower subjective inclusion and higher rejection sensitivity, social anxiety and social phobia scores. Findings indicate that structural deficits in emotion- and anxiety-processing brain regions in OMT patients are associated with increased social rejection sensitivity. As social rejection is a potential trigger for relapse, patients might benefit from therapeutic strategies that promote social integration.

scholarly journals Minority stress, intra-minority stress and social anxiety: Examining an extended psychological mediation framework among sexual minority men

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Mahon ◽  
G Kiernan ◽  
P Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Sexual Minority Men ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
Everyday Discrimination

Abstract Background Compared to their heterosexual counterparts, sexual minority men (SMM) are at an increased risk of social anxiety disorder. Distal (i.e., everyday discrimination) and proximal (i.e., internalised homophobia, rejection sensitivity, concealment of sexual orientation) minority stress processes are associated with heightened social anxiety for SMM. Stressors emerging from within the sexual minority male community, termed intra-minority stress, and psychological processes that may foster resilience (i.e., a sense of coherence, connectedness to the LGBT community) are less explored in this area. This study examined potential pathways between everyday discrimination, intra-minority stress, proximal minority stressors, resilience and social anxiety. Methods Self-identified SMM (N = 255) residing in the Republic of Ireland completed an online survey containing measures of minority stress, intra-minority stress, resilience and social anxiety. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the model. Results The model yielded a good fit to the data, X2(16) = 26.61, CFI = .99, TLI = .97, RMSEA = .05, and SRMR = .03. Rejection sensitivity and a sense of coherence had a significant indirect effect in the relationships between both exogenous variables (i.e., discrimination and intra-minority stress) and social anxiety. There were no significant pathways to social anxiety involving concealment of sexual orientation, internalised homophobia or LGBT community connectedness. Conclusions For SMM, minority stress processes and intra-minority stress are important determinants of social anxiety. Our findings demonstrate that proximal minority stressors may operate differently in a social anxiety context for SMM in western European countries. A sense of coherence was an integral factor in the model and demonstrated the strongest association with social anxiety.

Rejection Sensitivity, Jealousy, and the Relationship to Interpersonal Aggression

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
pp. 2118-2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Murphy ◽  
Gemma Russell
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Interpersonal Aggression ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Aggressive Reactions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Rejection

The development and maintenance of interpersonal relationships lead individuals to risk rejection in the pursuit of acceptance. Some individuals are predisposed to experience a hypersensitivity to rejection that is hypothesized to be related to jealous and aggressive reactions within interpersonal relationships. The current study used convenience sampling to recruit 247 young adults to evaluate the relationship between rejection sensitivity, jealousy, and aggression. A mediation model was used to test three hypotheses: Higher scores of rejection sensitivity would be positively correlated to higher scores of aggression (Hypothesis 1); higher scores of rejection sensitivity would be positively correlated to higher scores of jealousy (Hypothesis 2); jealousy would mediate the relationship between rejection sensitivity and aggression (Hypothesis 3). Study results suggest a tendency for individuals with high rejection sensitivity to experience higher levels of jealousy, and subsequently have a greater propensity for aggression, than individuals with low rejection sensitivity. Future research that substantiates a link between hypersensitivity to rejection, jealousy, and aggression may provide an avenue for prevention, education, or intervention in reducing aggression within interpersonal relationships.

Core Clinical Features of Body Dysmorphic Disorder : Appearance Preoccupations, Negative Emotions, Core Beliefs, and Repetitive and Avoidance Behaviors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A Simmons ◽  
Katharine A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Avoidance Behaviors ◽  
High Rejection

This chapter reviews core clinical features of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and presents two cases. Individuals with BDD are preoccupied with perceived flaws in their appearance that they view as ugly or abnormal (but that other people view as slight or nonexistent), to the point of experiencing significant distress or impairment in psychosocial functioning. The preoccupation with perceived ugliness triggers a cascade of negative emotions and behavioral responses that are intended to alleviate the appearance concerns but often do not. These responses include repetitive behaviors to check, fix, obtain reassurance about, or hide disliked body areas as well as avoidance of social situations. BDD is associated with high levels of emotional distress and a range of painful emotions, such as depression, anxiety, social anxiety, and shame. Core beliefs often focus on feeling unlovable, inadequate, or worthless. Associated features include high rejection sensitivity and perceived stress and low assertiveness.

scholarly journals Rejection Sensitivity and Borderline Personality Disorder Features: The Mediating Roles of Attachment Anxiety, Need to Belong, and Self-Criticism

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Momoko Sato ◽  
Peter Fonagy ◽  
Patrick Luyten
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
The Core ◽  
Developmental Mechanisms ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
High Rejection

Rejection hypersensitivity has been considered the core feature of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, little is known about the possible developmental mechanisms that might explain the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features. The current study investigated the mediating roles of adult attachment, need to belong, and self-criticism in the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features in 256 healthy adults. Results indicated that attachment anxiety, need to belong, and self-criticism mediated the association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features. However, attachment anxiety and self-criticism did not moderate the mediated association between rejection sensitivity and BPD features. The findings suggest that individuals with high rejection sensitivity are more likely to be anxiously attached to significant others, which might increase the desire to be accepted by others. To satisfy this elevated need to affiliate with others, these individuals might become more self-critical, which may contribute to high BPD features.

Maternal Rejection and Idealized Value of Appearance: Exploring the Origins of Body Dysmorphic Concerns Among Young Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-167
Author(s):  
Lara J. Farrell ◽  
Eva C. Gregertsen ◽  
Caroline L. Donovan ◽  
Amy Pammenter ◽  
Melanie Zimmer-Gembeck
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
American Psychological Association ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Parental Rejection ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Maternal Rejection ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Models

Body dysmorphic disorder is a clinical disorder characterized by a preoccupation with an imagined or exaggerated defect in one’s appearance (American Psychological Association, 2013), causing impaired functioning. Cognitive-behavioral models of body dysmorphic disorder have been proposed, whereby social anxiety and parental rejection may be predisposing factors, whereas maladaptive cognitive biases, such as appraisals of rejection, may serve as maintenance factors. The primary aim of this study was to test the role that perceived parental rejection in childhood may play in understanding the development of body dysmorphic symptoms. Furthermore, this study examined whether idealized values of appearance act as a mediator between perceived maternal rejection and body dysmorphic symptoms. The sample comprised 239 Australian undergraduate psychology students. Social anxiety, appearance-based rejection sensitivity, maternal rejection, and idealized values of appearance uniquely predicted body dysmorphic symptoms. Furthermore, the relationship between maternal rejection and body dysmorphic symptoms was partially mediated by idealized values of appearance. Findings support cognitive-behavioral models of body dysmorphic disorder.

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