Increased Serum Magnesium and Calcium and their Regulation During Hibernation in the Indian Common Toad,Duttaphrynus melanostictus(Schneider, 1799)

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Pratihar ◽  
Jayanta Kumar Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Duttaphrynus Melanostictus

Lethal and sub-lethal effects on the Asian common toad Duttaphrynus melanostictus from exposure to hexavalent chromium

2016 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vindhya A.K. Fernando ◽  
Jagathpriya Weerasena ◽  
G. Pemantha Lakraj ◽  
Inoka C. Perera ◽  
Chandima D. Dangalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Duttaphrynus Melanostictus

scholarly journals Metabolic changes during hibernating period in Indian common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799)

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Suman Pratihar ◽  
Jayanta Kumar Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Duttaphrynus Melanostictus ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Concentration

The present investigation reports the effect of hibernation on different blood-plasma biochemical parameters viz. plasma protein, plasma glucose and blood urea, thyroid hormone and cholesterol in the Indian Common toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus). The study indicated that the total plasma protein is decreased significantly in hibernating toads. The decline in thyroid hormone concentration had its behavioral and physiological response that leads to increase and sustain cholesterol level in serum. But plasma glucose was significantly decreased in hibernating toads. During the hibernating phase increased urea concentration in blood acts as cryoprotectant agent, which helps the hibernating animals to sustain in winter. Thus during hibernation these altered metabolic changes appear to be essential for survival.

scholarly journals Infectivity of nematode parasites of the common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) Frost et al., 2006 (Anura: Bufonidae) from different localities of Aurangabad

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-206
Author(s):  
Sujeet Jamdar ◽  
Kishor Shinde ◽  
C. J. Hiware
Keyword(s):  
Host Record ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
New Host ◽  
Duttaphrynus Melanostictus ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
The Common

The common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Schneider, 1799) Frost et al., 2006 from Aurangabad was found to harbor three species of nematodes; Oswaldocruzia goezei (Skrjabin and Schulz, 1952), Trichuris globusa (V. Linstow, 1901, Ransom, 1911), Oxysomatium macintoshii (Karve, 1927). Among all the parasites, Trichuris globulosa represents the accidental new host record for D. melanostictus in Maharashtra.

scholarly journals Effects of agrochemicals on disease severity of Acanthostomum burminis infections (Digenea: Trematoda) in the Asian common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uthpala A. Jayawardena ◽  
Jason R. Rohr ◽  
Priyanie H. Amerasinghe ◽  
Ayanthi N. Navaratne ◽  
Rupika S. Rajakaruna
Keyword(s):  
Amphibian Declines ◽  
Digenetic Trematode ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Duttaphrynus Melanostictus ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Skin Ulcers ◽  
Combined Exposures ◽  
Trematode Infections

AbstractBackgroundAgrochemicals are widely used in many parts of the world posing direct and indirect threats to organisms. Xenobiotic-related disease susceptibility is a common phenomenon and a proposed cause of amphibian declines and malformations. For example, parasitic infections combined with pesticides generally pose greater risk to both tadpoles and adult frogs than either factor alone. Here, we report on experimental effects of lone and combined exposures to cercariae of the digenetic trematode Acanthostomum burminis and ecologically relevant concentrations of (0.5 ppm) four pesticides (insecticides: chlorpyrifos, dimethoate; herbicides: glyphosate, propanil) on the tadpoles and metamorphs of the Asian common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus.ResultsAll 48 cercaraie successfully penetrated each host suggesting that the pesticides had no short-term detrimental effect on cercarial penetration abilities. When the two treatments were provided separately, both cercariae and pesticides significantly decreased the survival of tadpoles and metamorphs and increased developmental malformations, such as scoliosis, kyphosis, and skin ulcers. Exposure to cercariae and the two insecticides additively reduced host survival. In contrast, mortality associated with the combination of cercariae and herbicides was less than additive. The effect of cercariae on malformation incidence depended on the pesticide treatment; dimethoate, glyphosate, and propanil reduced the number of cercarial-induced malformations relative to both the control and chlorpyrifos treatments.ConclusionsThese results show that ecologically relevant concentrations of the tested agrochemicals had minimal effects on trematode infections, in contrast to others studies which showed that these same treatments increased the adverse effects of these infections on tadpoles and metamorphs of the Asian common toad. These findings reinforce the importance of elucidating the complex interactions among xenobiotics and pathogens on sentinel organisms that may be indicators of risk to other biota.

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