scholarly journals Adenosine Triphosphate–Binding Cassette Transporters Are Not Involved In the Detoxification of Azadirachta indica Extracts In Anopheles stephensi Larvae

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
Marco Ferrari ◽  
Agata Negri ◽  
Claudia Romeo ◽  
Ilaria Varotto Boccazzi ◽  
Riccardo Nodari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

ABSTRACT Detoxifying pathways of mosquitoes against the neem (Azadirachta indica) extracts are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette (ABC) transporters in this process in Anopheles stephensi, one of the main malaria vectors in southern Asia. Third-stage larvae of An. stephensi were fed with fish food alone or in combination with neem extract at 0.5%, 1%, 5%, and 10%. Six ABC-transporter genes from 3 different subfamilies (B, C, and G) were analyzed to assess their relative expression compared with controls. A bioassay was also performed to assess larval mortality rate at different concentrations and in combination with verapamil, an ABC-transporter inhibitor. No significant variation in the expression levels of any transporter belonging to the B, C, and G subfamilies was detected. Furthermore, the use of verapamil did not induce an increase in mortality at any of the tested neem extract concentrations, indicating that ABC transporters are not involved in the detoxification of neem extracts in An. stephensi larvae.

scholarly journals Insecticide Exposure Triggers a Modulated Expression of ABC Transporter Genes in Larvae of Anopheles gambiae s.s.

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Mastrantonio ◽  
Marco Ferrari ◽  
Agata Negri ◽  
Tommaso Sturmo ◽  
Guido Favia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Gambiae ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Gene Expression Response ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

Insecticides remain a main tool for the control of arthropod vectors. The urgency to prevent the insurgence of insecticide resistance and the perspective to find new target sites, for the development of novel molecules, are fuelling the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in insect defence against xenobiotic compounds. In this study, we have investigated if ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, a major component of the defensome machinery, are involved in defence against the insecticide permethrin, in susceptible larvae of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto. Bioassays were performed with permethrin alone, or in combination with an ABC transporter inhibitor. Then we have investigated the expression profiles of five ABC transporter genes at different time points following permethrin exposure, to assess their expression patterns across time. The inhibition of ABC transporters increased the larval mortality by about 15-fold. Likewise, three genes were up-regulated after exposure to permethrin, showing different patterns of expression across the 48 h. Our results provide the first evidences of ABC transporters involvement in defence against a toxic in larvae of An. gambiae s.s. and show that the gene expression response is modulated across time, being continuous, but stronger at the earliest and latest times after exposure.

ABCChips as New Diagnostic Tool to Monitoring Multidrug Resistance in Human Tumor Cells to Chemotherapeutics Agents by Expression Profiling of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter Genes.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4360-4360
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Gillet ◽  
Thomas Efferth ◽  
Damiel Steinbach ◽  
Françoise de Longueville ◽  
Vincent Bertholet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Parental Cell ◽  
Hybridization Experiment ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

Abstract A major problem in the treatment of tumors represents the development of resistance to chemotherapy. Many mechanisms are responsible for the failure of treatment, the main one being the activation of the ABC transporters. In the present investigation, we developed a low density DNA microarray which contains 38 ABC transporter genes. This tool has been validated with three different characterized multidrug-resistant sublines (CEM/ADR5000, HL60/AR, MCF7-CH1000) and their corresponding drug-sensitive parental cell lines (CCRF-CEM, HL60, MCF7). The multidrug-resistant cell lines used are known to overexpress either the MDR1, MRP1, or BCRP genes. Interestingly, we found not only the overexpression of these genes but also of other ABC transporter genes by using low density microarrays. These results were corroborated by quantitative real time RT-PCR. The microarray allowed the determination of the expression profile of ABC transporters in a single hybridization experiment and may, hence harbor the potential as diagnostic tool to detect drug resistance in the clinic.

scholarly journals ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter Genes Involved in Pyrethroid Resistance in the Malaria Vector Anopheles sinensis: Genome-Wide Identification, Characteristics, Phylogenetics, and Expression Profile

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyi He ◽  
Zhentian Yan ◽  
Fengling Si ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Wenbo Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Pyrethroid Resistance ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Anopheles Sinensis ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Transporter Family ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

background: The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters family is one of the largest families of membrane proteins existing in all living organisms. Pyrethroid resistance has become the largest unique obstacle for mosquito control worldwide. ABC transporters are thought to be associated with pyrethroid resistance in some agricultural pests, but little information is known for mosquitoes. Herein, we investigated the diversity, location, characteristics, phylogenetics, and evolution of ABC transporter family of genes in the Anopheles sinensis genome, and identified the ABC transporter genes associated with pyrethroid resistance through expression profiles using RNA-seq and qPCR. Results: 61 ABC transporter genes are identified and divided into eight subfamilies (ABCA-H), located on 22 different scaffolds. Phylogenetic and evolution analyses with ABC transporters of A. gambiae, Drosophila melanogaster, and Homo sapiens suggest that the ABCD, ABCG, and ABCH subfamilies are monophyly, and that the ABCC and ABCG subfamilies have experienced a gene duplication event. Both RNA-seq and qPCR analyses show that the AsABCG28 gene is uniquely significantly upregulated gene in all three field pyrethroid-resistant populations (Anhui, Chongqing, and Yunnan provinces) in comparison with a laboratory-susceptible strain from Jiangsu province. The AsABCG28 is significantly upregulated at 12-h and 24-h after deltamethrin exposure in three-day-old female adults. Conclusion: This study provides the information frame for ABC transporter subfamily of genes, and lays an important basis for the better understanding and further research of ABC transporter function in insecticide toxification. The AsABCG28 gene is associated with pyrethroid detoxification, and it functions at later period in the detoxification process for xenobiotics transportation.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of ABC Transporters in Nine Rosaceae Species Identifying MdABCG28 as a Possible Cytokinin Transporter linked to Dwarfing

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 5783
Author(s):  
Yi Feng ◽  
Qiran Sun ◽  
Guifen Zhang ◽  
Ting Wu ◽  
Xinzhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Protein Motifs ◽  
Rosaceae Species ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters constitute a large, diverse, and ubiquitous superfamily that is involved in a broad range of processes. The completion of genome sequencing provides an opportunity to understand the phylogenetic history of the ABC transporter superfamily among Rosaceae species. This study identified a total of 1323 ABC transporter genes from nine Rosaceae genomes: 191 from Malus domestica, 174 from Pyrus communis, 138 from Prunus persica, 118 from Prunus avium, 141 from Prunus dulcis, 122 from Fragaria vesca, 98 from Rubus occidentalis, 162 from Prunus mume, and 179 from Rosa chinensis. Their chemical characterization, phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal localization, gene structure, gene duplication, and tissue-specific expression were studied. Their subcellular localization, transmembrane structures, and protein motifs were predicted. All the ABC transporter genes were grouped into eight subfamilies on the basis of their phylogenetic relationships and structural features. Furthermore, cis-element and expression analysis of 10 potential phytohormone transporters in MdABCG subfamily genes were also performed. Loss of the W-box in the promoter region of MdABCG28 was found to reduce the gene expression level and was linked to the dwarfing phenotype in apple rootstocks. MdABCG28 overexpression promoted shoot growth of atabcg14 mutants in Arabidopsis.

Selective Expression of a Number of ABC Transporter Genes in Normal CD34+CD38− Versus CD34+CD38− Cells, with a Reverse Pattern in a Subgroup of AML Patients.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4291-4291
Author(s):  
Dorina M. van der Kolk ◽  
Susan D.P.W.M. Peeters ◽  
Gerald de Haan ◽  
Leonid Bystrykh ◽  
Elisabeth G.E. de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Leukemic Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Reverse Pattern ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

Abstract Several ABC transporters involved in drug transport have been identified in hematopoietic stem cells, including ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2. The ABC transporters play a role in chemotherapy resistant AML, although the relevant information is mostly obtained from the total AML cell population instead of the leukemic stem cells characterized by the CD34+CD38− phenotype. In this study we investigated which ABC transporters are selectively expressed in normal CD34+CD38− hematopoietic stem cells versus CD34+CD38+ cells, and to what extent lineage-restricted modulation is aberrantly regulated in AML stem cells. We first investigated murine microarray expression data of 29 ABC transporter genes in lin−sca-1+c-kit+ cells (available on www.webqtl.org). Based on these data 7 of the 29 ABC transporters were selected with a high expression profile (abcg1, abcb2, abca2, abcd1, abcc3, abcc5, and abcg2). Based on data published at www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/1073823/DC1, concerning the lineage restricted expression of genes in lin−AA4.1+ + c-kit+sca-1+ murine stem cells, 6 additional stem cell-related ABC transporters (abcb1, abcb11, abcc1b, abcd4, abce1 and abcf2) were selected. The mRNA expression of the 13 ABC transporters was analyzed in the CD34+CD38− versus CD34+CD38+ fraction of human normal bone marrow cells (n=10) by quantitative RT-PCR. Five ABC transporter genes were not detectable in the human CD34+CD38− and CD34+CD38+cells (ABCA2, ABCB11, ABCC3, ABCD1 and ABCF2). Three ABC transporters were expressed equally in both fractions (ABCC5, ABCE1 and ABCG2). However, five ABC transporters were differentially expressed, with a higher expression in the CD34+CD38− cells, (ABCB1, ratio of CD34+CD38+/CD34+CD38− expression of 0.22, p<0.001; ABCG1, 0.27, p<0.001; ABCC1, 0.52, p<0.001; ABCD4, 0.60, p<0.001; and ABCB2, 0.71, p<0.02). Additionally these five ABC transporters were studied in sorted AML subpopulations (n=7). In the sorted AML cells (CD34+CD38− versus CD34+CD38+) a more heterogeneous expression pattern was observed as compared to normal CD34+CD38− cells. In general, the expression levels of ABCB1 and ABCC1 in the AML subpopulations were lower than in normal CD34+CD38− cells, ABCB2 expression was higher in the AML fractions and ABCG1 and ABCD4 were expressed similar in AML and normal CD34+CD38− cells. Downregulation of the ABC transporters in the leukemic CD34+CD38+ cells was observed in 50%–60% of the samples, the reverse pattern was observed for the remaining cases, independent of FAB classification. Since ABCG1 plays a prominent role in cholesterol transport and was strongly downregulated in normal CD34+CD38+ cells (ratio 0.27, p<0.001), the mRNA expression of a number of additional cholesterol synthesis genes was investigated. PPARβ, LXRα and HMCGCoA reductase appeared to be downregulated in the CD34+CD38+ cells (ratios of 0.59, p=0.002, 0.32, p<0.001 and 0.59, p= 0.002 respectively). In conclusion, these results indicate that cholesterol synthesis and transport might play an important role in hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, a number of ABC transporter genes appeared to be predominantly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, and are downregulated upon maturation, whereas the reverse pattern is observed in about 40% of the AML patients suggesting that these more committed leukemic cells might have gained some properties of the leukemic stem cells.

scholarly journals Analysis of ABC Transporter Gene Expression in Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-220
Author(s):  
Stanislav Kotlyarov ◽  
Anna Kotlyarova
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

ABC transporters are a large family of membrane proteins that transport chemically diverse substrates across the cell membrane. Disruption of transport mechanisms mediated by ABC transporters causes the development of various diseases, including atherosclerosis. Methods: A bioinformatic analysis of a dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed. A GEO dataset containing data on gene expression levels in samples of atherosclerotic lesions and control arteries without atherosclerotic lesions from carotid, femoral, and infrapopliteal arteries was used for analysis. To evaluate differentially expressed genes, a bioinformatic analysis was performed in comparison groups using the limma package in R (v. 4.0.2) and the GEO2R and Phantasus tools (v. 1.11.0). Results: The obtained data indicate the differential expression of many ABC transporters belonging to different subfamilies. The differential expressions of ABC transporter genes involved in lipid transport, mechanisms of multidrug resistance, and mechanisms of ion exchange are shown. Differences in the expression of transporters in tissue samples from different arteries are established. Conclusions: The expression of ABC transporter genes demonstrates differences in atherosclerotic samples and normal arteries, which may indicate the involvement of transporters in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

ABC transporters and β-tubulin in macrocyclic lactone resistance: prospects for marker development

Parasitology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. PRICHARD ◽  
A. ROULET
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Macrocyclic Lactone Resistance ◽  
Constitutive Overexpression ◽  
Reliable Marker ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes ◽  
Β Tubulin

SUMMARYMacrocyclic lactones (MLs) are highly lipophilic anthelmintics which are known to bind to and open ligand-gated ion channels. However, these anthelmintics, and particularly the avermectin members of the ML class of endectocides, are potent substrates for ABC transporters and these transporters may regulate drug concentration in both the host and the parasite. There is accumulating evidence that ivermectin (IVM), and to a lesser extent moxidectin (MOX), selects for certain alleles of P-glycoprotein and other ABC transporter genes, selects for constitutive overexpression of some of these gene products, and induces overexpression of some P-glycoproteins in nematodes. However, such mechanisms of ML resistance do not easily lend themselves to the identification of SNP markers for resistance because of the diversity of ABC transporters in nematodes, the apparent diversity of effects of different MLs, and because regulatory elements for ABC transporter gene expression are not well understood in nematodes. Another non ligand-gated ion channel gene which appears to be under IVM selection, at least in Onchocerca volvulus and Haemonchus contortus, is β-tubulin, and a simple genetic test for this selection has been described in O. volvulus. However, further work is required to elucidate a reliable marker associated with this gene in H. contortus or other parasitic nematodes of livestock. The possible involvement of ABC transporter genes and β-tubulin in ML resistance provides a start in developing our understanding of this phenotype and markers for its detection in field populations of parasitic nematodes. However, more work is required before these leads can provide practical SNP markers for ML resistance.

Gene expression modulation of ABC transporter genes in response to permethrin in adults of the mosquito malaria vector Anopheles stephensi

Acta Tropica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Mastrantonio ◽  
Marco Ferrari ◽  
Sara Epis ◽  
Agata Negri ◽  
Giulia Scuccimarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Expression Modulation ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

scholarly journals ABC Transporters in Prorocentrum lima and Their Expression Under Different Environmental Conditions Including Okadaic Acid Production

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Gu ◽  
Shao-Wen Xiao ◽  
Jian-Wei Zheng ◽  
Hong-Ye Li ◽  
Jie-Sheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Okadaic Acid ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Prorocentrum Lima ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

Prorocentrum lima is a typical benthic toxic dinoflagellate, which can produce phycotoxins such as okadaic acid (OA). In this study, we identified three ABC transporter genes (ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2) and characterized their expression patterns, as well as OA production under different environmental conditions in P. lima. We found that the three ABC transporters all showed high identity with related ABC proteins from other species, and contained classical features of ABC transport proteins. Among them, ABCG2 was a half size transporter. The three ABC transporter genes displayed various expression profiles under different conditions. The high concentration of Cu2+ could up-regulate ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2 transcripts in P. lima, suggesting the potential defensive role of ABC transporters against metal ions in surrounding waters. Cu2+, in some concentration, could induce OA production; meanwhile, tributyltin inhibited OA accumulation. The grazer Artemia salina could induce OA production, and P. lima displayed some toxicity to the grazer, indicating the possibility of OA as an anti-grazing chemical. Collectively, our results revealed intriguing data about OA production and the expression patterns of three ABC transporter genes. However, we could not find any significant correlation between OA production and expression pattern of the three ABC transporters in P. lima. Our results might provide new molecular insights on the defensive responses of P. lima to the surrounding environment.

scholarly journals ABC Transporters and Azole Susceptibility in Laboratory Strains of the Wheat Pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 3900-3906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lute-Harm Zwiers ◽  
Ioannis Stergiopoulos ◽  
Johannes G. M. Van Nistelrooy ◽  
Maarten A. De Waard
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Abc Transporter ◽  
Abc Transporters ◽  
Rhodamine 6G ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Wild Type Level ◽  
Abc Transporter Genes

ABSTRACT Laboratory strains of Mycosphaerella graminicola with decreased susceptibilities to the azole antifungal agent cyproconazole showed a multidrug resistance phenotype by exhibiting cross-resistance to an unrelated chemical, cycloheximide or rhodamine 6G, or both. Decreased azole susceptibility was found to be associated with either decreased or increased levels of accumulation of cyproconazole. No specific relationship could be observed between azole susceptibility and the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes MgAtr1 to MgAtr5 and the sterol P450 14α-demethylase gene, CYP51. ABC transporter MgAtr1 was identified as a determinant in azole susceptibility since heterologous expression of the protein reduced the azole susceptibility of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and disruption of MgAtr1 in one specific M. graminicola laboratory strain with constitutive MgAtr1 overexpression restored the level of susceptibility to cyproconazole to wild-type levels. However, the level of accumulation in the mutant with an MgAtr1 disruption did not revert to the wild-type level. We propose that variations in azole susceptibility in laboratory strains of M. graminicola are mediated by multiple mechanisms.

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