scholarly journals A Data Analysis on the High Concentration of Phytoplankton in the Upstream Reach of Nagara Rivermouth Barrage

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 463-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro MARUYAMA ◽  
Takeshi TAKEMURA ◽  
Masanori NAKAI ◽  
Masamitsu ARITA
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
High Concentration

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN SENSITIVITAS PENGECAPAN RASA ASIN AKIBAT PEMAKAIAN OBAT KUMUR BERALKOHOL

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Dwi Putri Arianti ◽  
Zulkarnain Agus ◽  
Susi Susi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Taste Sensitivity ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Salty Taste ◽  
The Right

Mouthwash is a product used to maintain oral hygiene. Most of mouthwash contains alcohol with concentration > 0 ≤ 27% which is used as solvent, preservative, flavour carrier and as an antibacterial. The effect of using mouthwash containing alcohol is that alcohol as drying agent, decreases in salivary flow, produced metabolites acetaldehyde and causes degeneration of nerve endings that can decrease the sensitivity of tasting. This study aimed to determine the differences of salty tasting due to using mouthwash containing 27% alcohol in 15 days. This research used a pretest and posttest group. The first group used mouthwash containing 27% alcohol and the second group used non-alcohol mouthwash. The first step, NaCl solution was dropped on the surface of the right lateral part of the anterior tongue from low to high concentration until the sample could taste the salty taste. Sample used mouthwash in 15 days according to the direction of usage on the bottles of mouthwash. The last step, NaCl solution was dropped on the surface of the right lateral part of the anterior tongue from low to high concentration until the sample could taste the salty taste. Data analysis using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Mann-Whitney test. The results showed significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.001). Salty taste sensitivity because of the usage 27% alcohol-containing mouthwash was lower than non-alcohol mouthwash. The conclusion is there will be decreasing of salty taste sensitivity because of the usage 27% alcohol-containing mouthwash in 15 days.

scholarly journals Optimalisasi Sifat Reologi Hidrogel Kitosan-Hialuronat yang Ditaut-Silang dengan Glutaraldehida

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Pajri Samsi Nasution ◽  
Muhamad Alif Hamimdal ◽  
Gustini Syahbirin ◽  
Budi Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Rheological Property ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Optimum Composition ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogel ◽  
Property Measurement ◽  
Swelling And Shrinking

<p>Kitosan membentuk hidrogel polikationik dengan penambahan glutaraldehida sebagai penaut-silang. Penambahan hialuronat yang bersifat polianionik diharapkan akan meningkatkan sifat reologis hidrogel tersebut. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi glutaraldehida dan hialuronat pada kekuatan gel, titik pecah, dan ketegaran, serta sifat pembengkakan dan pengerutan hidrogel kitosan, dan menentukan konsentrasi optimum keduanya melalui analisis data dengan perangkat lunak Modde 5<sup>Ò</sup>. Hialuronat meningkatkan kekuatan gel, titik pecah, dan ketegaran hidrogel kitosan pada konsentrasi glutaraldehida yang rendah, tetapi berpengaruh sebaliknya pada konsentrasi glutaraldehida yang tinggi. Sejalan dengan itu, pembengkakan juga menjadi relatif tinggi, sedangkan pengerutan menjadi relatif rendah setelah penambahan hialuronat, tetapi hanya pada konsentrasi glutaraldehida yang rendah. Berdasarkan hasil ini, hialuronat diperkirakan mengisi ruang kosong di antara taut-silang imina yang terbentuk antara glutaraldehida dan kitosan. Pada konsentrasi glutaraldehida yang tinggi, taut-silang ini tidak menyisakan lagi ruang kosong bagi hialuronat. Sebaliknya, air sedikit demi sedikit akan terdesak keluar dari dalam hidrogel dan memicu pengerutan. Komposisi optimum diperoleh pada konsentrasi kitosan 2,0% (b/v), hialuronat 0,3% (v/v) dan glutaraldehida 1,4% (v/v), yang memberikan kekuatan gel, titik pecah, ketegaran, pembengkakan dan pengerutan berturut-turut sebesar 678,4 g cm<sup>-2</sup>; 1,294 cm; 5,033 g cm<sup>-1</sup>; 2,634 g dan 0,148 g. Pengukuran sifat reologi hidrogel yang dibuat dengan komposisi optimum tersebut memberikan hasil yang lebih rendah (190,7 g cm<sup>-2</sup>; 0,767 cm; 1,675 g cm<sup>-1</sup>) untuk tiga sifat reologi pertama, tetapi lebih tinggi (2,844 g and 0,348 g) untuk dua sifat berikutnya.</p><p><strong>Optimization of Rheological Property of Chitosan-Hyaluronate Hydrogel Crosslinked by Glutaraldehyde.</strong> Chitosan forms a polycationic hydrogel by addition of glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. The addition of hyaluronate which is polyanionic is expected to improve the rheological properties of the hydrogel. This study evaluated the effects of glutaraldehyde and hyaluronate concentration on the gel strength, breakpoint, and rigidity of the chitosan hydrogel as well as the swelling and shrinking properties. This study determined the optimum concentration of both of glutaraldehyde and hyaluronate by data analysis using Modde 5<sup>Ò</sup> software. Hyaluronate increased the gel strength, breakpoint, and rigidity at a low glutaraldehyde concentration, but showed the opposite effects at high glutaraldehyde concentration. At a low concentration of glutaraldehyde, relatively high swelling and low shrinking were revealed after hyaluronate addition. From these results, it was suggested that hyaluronate filled the empty spaces between the imine-crosslinks created by glutaraldehyde and chitosan. At high concentration of glutaraldehyde, the crosslinks became so extensive that no more space was left for hyaluronates. Otherwise, water would be squeezed out from the hydrogel and syneresis would happen. The optimum composition was obtained at 2.0% (w/v) chitosan, 0.3% (v/v) hyaluronate and 1.4% (v/v) glutaraldehyde, which achieved the gel strength, breakpoint, rigidity, swelling and shrinking of 678.4 g cm<sup>-2</sup>, 1.294 cm, 5.033 g cm<sup>-1</sup>, 2.634 g and 0.148 g, respectively. However, rheological property measurement of hydrogel synthesized by using the optimum composition gave lower results (190.7 g cm<sup>-2</sup>, 0.767 cm, 1.675 g cm<sup>-1</sup>) for the first three properties, but higher results (2.844 g and 0.348 g) for the latter two.</p>

Ultrasensitive All-Optical Thermometry Using Nanodiamonds with a High Concentration of Silicon-Vacancy Centers and Multiparametric Data Analysis

ACS Photonics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1387-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumin Choi ◽  
Viatcheslav N. Agafonov ◽  
Valery A. Davydov ◽  
Taras Plakhotnik
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Silicon Vacancy ◽  
Optical Thermometry ◽  
All Optical

Problems and Diagnosis of Condensate Polishing System in Ultra-Supercritical Power Plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Mao Dong Li ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Yu Hui Du ◽  
Fen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Diagnostic Analysis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Condensate Pump

Aiming at dealing with the problems of design, debug, and operation that occurred in the condensate polishing system, the paper put forward the problems of the high concentration of oxygen at the outlet of the condensate pump, pollution of the prefilter, the presence of remaining resin in the upper water cap of the high speed mixed bed, condenser leakage and abnormal shutdown of the turbine through the data analysis of condensate polishing system in Taishan Power Plant, diagnostic analysis of all these problems was performed and appropriate solutions were put forward.

scholarly journals Effect of High Concentration of Inert Cosolutes on the Refolding of an Enzyme

2007 ◽  
Vol 282 (46) ◽  
pp. 33452-33458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Monterroso ◽  
Allen P. Minton
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Side Reaction ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Ii ◽  
Guanidinium Chloride ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Catalytically Active ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Kinetics Of

The kinetics of refolding of carbonic anhydrase II following transfer from a buffer containing 5 m guanidinium chloride to a buffer containing 0.5 m guanidinium chloride were studied by measuring the time-dependent recovery of enzymatic activity. Experiments were carried out in buffer containing concentrations of two “inert” cosolutes, sucrose and Ficoll 70, a sucrose polymer, at concentrations up to 150 g/liter. Data analysis indicates that both cosolutes significantly accelerate the rate of refolding to native or compact near-native conformations, but decrease the fraction of catalytically active enzyme recovered in the limit of long time. According to the simplest model that fits the data, both cosolutes accelerate a competing side reaction yielding inactive compact species. Acceleration of the side reaction by Ficoll is significantly greater than that of sucrose at equal w/v concentrations.

Cytomembrane Preservation in Tissue Dehydrated Only With Glutaraldehyde and Epon 812 Resin

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Unpublished Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sectioned Material

A previous study demonstrated that tissue could be successfully infiltrated with 50% glutaraldehyde, and then subsequently polymerized with urea to create an embedment which retained cytomembrane lipids in sectioned material. As a result, the 180-190 Å periodicity characteristic of fresh, mammalian myelin was preserved in sections, as was a brilliant birefringence, and the capacity to bind OsO4 vapor in the hydrophobic bilayers. An associated (unpublished) study, carried out in co-operation with Drs. C.K. Akers and D.F. Parsons, demonstrated that the high concentration of glutaraldehyde (and urea) did not significantly alter the X-ray diffraction pattern of aldehyde-fixed, myelin. Thus, by itself, 50% glutaraldehyde has little effect upon cytomembrane systems and can be used with confidence for the first stages of dehydration.

Effects of carbamylcholine on chick embryo aggregate retina cell cultures

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
Glenn M. Cohen ◽  
Radharaman Ray
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Retinal Cell ◽  
Cell Aggregates ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Sterile Culture ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Synaptic Junctions ◽  
And Control

Retinal,cell aggregates develop in culture in a pattern similar to the in ovo retina, forming neurites first and then synapses. In the present study, we continuously exposed chick retinal cell aggregates to a high concentration (1 mM) of carbamylcholine (carbachol), an acetylcholine (ACh) analog that resists hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase (AChE). This situation is similar to organophosphorus anticholinesterase poisoning in which the ACh level is elevated at synaptic junctions due to inhibition of AChE, Our objective was to determine whether continuous carbachol exposure either damaged cholino- ceptive neurites, cell bodies, and synaptic elements of the aggregates or influenced (hastened or retarded) their development.The retinal tissue was isolated aseptically from 11 day embryonic White Leghorn chicks and then enzymatically (trypsin) and mechanically (trituration) dissociated into single cells. After washing the cells by repeated suspension and low (about 200 x G) centrifugation twice, aggregate cell cultures (about l0 cells/culture) were initiated in 1.5 ml medium (BME, GIBCO) in 35 mm sterile culture dishes and maintained as experimental (containing 10-3 M carbachol) and control specimens.

Microchemical imaging in biomedical research

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1118-1119
Author(s):  
P. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Element ◽  
Physiological Information ◽  
Functional States ◽  
Elemental Maps ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Secondary Ion

It is well established that unique physiological information can be obtained by rapidly freezing cells in various functional states and analyzing the cell element content and distribution by electron probe x-ray microanalysis. (The other techniques of microanalysis that are amenable to imaging, such as electron energy loss spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, particle induced x-ray emission etc., are not addressed in this tutorial.) However, the usual processes of data acquisition are labor intensive and lengthy, requiring that x-ray counts be collected from individually selected regions of each cell in question and that data analysis be performed subsequent to data collection. A judicious combination of quantitative elemental maps and static raster probes adds not only an additional overall perception of what is occurring during a particular biological manipulation or event, but substantially increases data productivity. Recent advances in microcomputer instrumentation and software have made readily feasible the acquisition and processing of digital quantitative x-ray maps of one to several cells.

The Fine Structure of Phloem Cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 632-635
Author(s):  
James Cronshaw
Keyword(s):  
Structural Studies ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Phloem Tissue ◽  
Sieve Elements ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Companion Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Distance Transport

Long distance transport in plants takes place in phloem tissue which has characteristic cells, the sieve elements. At maturity these cells have sieve areas in their end walls with specialized perforations. They are associated with companion cells, parenchyma cells, and in some species, with transfer cells. The protoplast of the functioning sieve element contains a high concentration of sugar, and consequently a high hydrostatic pressure, which makes it extremely difficult to fix mature sieve elements for electron microscopical observation without the formation of surge artifacts. Despite many structural studies which have attempted to prevent surge artifacts, several features of mature sieve elements, such as the distribution of P-protein and the nature of the contents of the sieve area pores, remain controversial.

Tem analysis of multiple-energy arsenic implanted and Rta'd silicon

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
R.A. Herring
Keyword(s):  
Device Fabrication ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Defect Clusters ◽  
High Fluences ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Factor Type

Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of ion-implanted Si is important for device fabrication. The defect structures of 2.5, 4.0, and 6.0 MeV As-implanted silicon irradiated to fluences of 2E14, 4E14, and 6E14, respectively, have been analyzed by electron diffraction both before and after RTA at 1100°C for 10 seconds. At such high fluences and energies the implanted As ions change the Si from crystalline to amorphous. Three distinct amorphous regions emerge due to the three implantation energies used (Fig. 1). The amorphous regions are separated from each other by crystalline Si (marked L1, L2, and L3 in Fig. 1) which contains a high concentration of small defect clusters. The small defect clusters were similar to what had been determined earlier as being amorphous zones since their contrast was principally of the structure-factor type that arises due to the difference in extinction distance between the matrix and damage regions.

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