scholarly journals Characteristics of Mutagenicity of Municipal Tap Water from Two Different Water Supply Systems in Summer and Winter

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuko TAKAHASHI ◽  
Shin'ichi ISODA ◽  
Kiyoshi KOIZUMI ◽  
Koji OKI ◽  
Haruko SAITO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Polyvalent fingerprint based molecular surveillance methods for drinking water supply systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Henne ◽  
L. Kahlisch ◽  
J. Draheim ◽  
I. Brettar ◽  
M. G. Höfle
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Supply Systems

Despite the relevance for public health, surveillance of drinking water supply systems (DWSS) in Europe is mainly achieved by cultivation based detection of indicator bacteria. The study presented here demonstrates the use of molecular analysis based on fingerprints of DNA extracted from drinking water bacteria as a valuable monitoring tool of DWSS and was exemplified for a DWWS in Northern Germany. The analysis of the bacterial community of drinking water was performed by a set of 16S rRNA gene based fingerprints, sequence analysis of relevant bands and phylogenetic assignment of the 16S rRNA sequences. We assessed the microflora of drinking water originating from two reservoirs in the Harz Mountains. The taxonomic composition of the bacterial communities from both reservoirs was very different at the species level reflecting the different limnological conditions. Detailed analysis of the seasonal community dynamics of the tap water revealed a significant influence of both source waters on the composition of the microflora and demonstrated the relevance of the raw water microflora for the drinking water reaching the consumer. According to our experience, molecular analysis based on fingerprints of different degrees of resolution can be considered as a valuable monitoring tool of DWSS.

scholarly journals Network Model Analysis of Residual Chlorine to Reduce Disinfection Byproducts in Water Supply Systems in Yangon City, Myanmar

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2921
Author(s):  
Nwe Nwe Zin ◽  
Shinobu Kazama ◽  
Satoshi Takizawa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Formation Kinetics ◽  
Chlorine Decay ◽  
Supply Systems

In Yangon City, chlorination commenced in January 2020 to supply drinkable water; therefore, there is as yet no information on chlorine decay and DBP formation in the water supply system. This study aimed to find methods to optimize chlorine dosage in Yangon City. Onsite sampling and laboratory analyses of residual chlorine and trihalomethane (THM) formation, as well as water quality simulations, were conducted to find the chlorine decay and THM formation kinetics. Due to a high chlorine dose of 2 mg/L for both pre- and post-chlorination, disinfection was effective despite the low removal efficiency of turbidity. However, THMs were found in high levels in both treated and tap water due to the high THM formation potential of raw water. The re-contamination and/or transformation of dissolved organic matter were found in the distribution network by increases in specific ultraviolet absorption (SUVA) values and excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorophores, which brought about variations of THMs in the networks. The EPANET models were run assuming there to be no water leakages; it was found that the chlorine dose could be decreased to 0.8 mg/L to meet the guidelines for THMs and residual chlorine. The methods employed in this study could be also applied in other water supply systems in tropical developing countries with limited water quality monitoring data.

scholarly journals Provision of Safe Drinking Water to the Local Population within the Clean Water Project Implemented in the Penza Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
VV Vasilyev ◽  
TV Ryabinina ◽  
MV Perekusihin ◽  
EV Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Project ◽  
Supply Systems

Introduction: Drinking water from centralized drinking water supply systems is not always safe due to its natural pollution with various chemicals and microbiological contamination occurring in the distribution system. In this regard, the role of the service exercising governmental water quality surveillance is growing. The purpose of the study was to assess the quality of drinking water and the associated health risk and to substantiate priority measures aimed at improving the quality of water in the centralized water supply systems of the region. Materials and methods: We examined the results of drinking water quality testing performed within the implementation of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance and socio-hygienic monitoring and incidence rates in morbidity of population in 27 districts of the Penza Region and the regional center for the years 2014–2019. Health risks from oral exposures to waterborne chemicals were assessed in accordance with Guidelines R 2.1.10.1920–04. The statistical relationship was studied by the correlation method. Results: We established that water quality in the centralized water supply systems fed by underground sources is determined by the chemical composition of the exploited aquifers that divide the territory of the Penza Region into four zones. The worst water quality was observed in the fourth zone where concentrations of natural iron, fluorides and boron in tap water were many times higher than their maximum permissible levels and the hazard quotient for fluorides exceeded the limit value (HQ = 2.845 for children and 1.219 for adults). In the third zone, iron posed the highest risks of diseases of mucosa and skin (HI = 0.296), the immune system (HI = 0.311), and hematopoietic system (H = 0.473) in children; we also established a strong correlation between the average annual concentration of iron in tap water and the incidence of genitourinary disorders, gastritis and duodenitis in the child population. Although the share of the population supplied with safe drinking water from centralized water supply systems increased from 86.5 % in 2014 to 89.4 % in 2019, the target set within the Regional Clean Water Project for 2019 was not achieved. Conclusion: The study results were taken into account when making additions to the Regional Clean Water Project in 2020 envisaging construction of iron removal plants and water well drilling in areas with low fluorine levels.

Assessment of Implementation Efficiency of the System Approach to Ensuring Safety of Public Drinking and Recreational Water Use on the Example of the Voronezh Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
AYu Popova ◽  
SV Kuzmin ◽  
II Mehantyev
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Supply Systems

Background. Implementation of the Federal Clean Water Project within the National Housing and Urban Environment Project was based on the results of numerous health studies conducted within the framework of functioning of the interdepartmental system of public health monitoring and introduction of the risk-based approach into sanitary and epidemiological surveillance. In this regard, there was a need to develop a comprehensive approach to securing safety of drinking and recreational water use and assessing efficiency of implemented solutions. Objective. To assess efficiency of implementation of a system approach to ensuring safety of public drinking and recreational water use on the example of the Voronezh Region. Materials and methods. The study included laboratory testing of water quality in places of recreational water usage, drinking water quality assessment followed by a health risk assessment, a comprehensive evaluation of the extent of sanitary and epidemiological problems in drinking water supply systems, an online questionnaire-based survey of regional residents on tap water quality, a correlation analysis to establish the relationship between population health and water quality, and experimental studies to assess migration of organic compounds from polymer containers into bottled drinking water. Results. Challenges of recreational water use are associated with poor quality of surface water in terms of chemical (ammonium ion, nitrates, phosphates, and biochemical oxygen demand) and microbiological water quality parameters. Priority indices of drinking water quality in centralized water supply systems include the contents of nitrates, fluorine, boron, and iron, which are unacceptable in terms of non-carcinogenic risk (HQ > 1). In disadvantaged areas, water quality in centralized drinking water supply systems is considered “extremely poor”. The online survey demonstrated that the majority of the population (30.7 %) prefers to use water filter jugs to treat tap water. We observed significant correlations between the quality of tap and surface waters and disease incidence rates in the population. We also obtained new data on migration of organic compounds from polymer containers intended for drinking water storage and bottling in case of storage temperature excursions. Conclusion. Our findings served as the basis for the proposed algorithm of implementing a system approach to securing safety of recreational and drinking water use and for evaluating the effectiveness of implemented solutions.

scholarly journals Monitoring of heavy metals in selected Water Supply Systems in Poland, in relation to current regulations

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szuster-Janiaczyk ◽  
Piotr Zeuschner ◽  
Paweł Noga ◽  
Marta Skrzypczak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Supply Systems

The study presents an analysis of water quality monitoring in terms of the content of heavy metals, which is conducted in three independent water supply systems in Poland. The analysis showed that the monitoring of heavy metals isn't reliable - both the quantity of tested water samples and the location of the monitoring points are the problem. The analysis of changes in water quality from raw water to tap water was possible only for one of the analysed systems and indicate a gradual deterioration of water quality, although still within acceptable limits of legal regulations.

Heterotrophic Bacteria in Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution Systems: Detection and Identification

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hirata ◽  
K. Tosa ◽  
K. Kawamura ◽  
J. Nakajima ◽  
M. Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Supply Systems

In order to determine bacterial quality of supplied water, researches on detection and identification of heterotrophic bacteria In distribution basin water and tap water were conducted In several drinking water supply systems In Japan, using pour plate technique with two agar media of SPG (Incubated at 36°C) and PGY (at 25°C). Bacterial colonies formed on SPC agar were randomly selected, purified and identified to genus. Results obtained from this study were as follow. The density of SPC bacteria ranged from 0 to 190 cfu/mL, although no colony was detected after 1-day Incubation in all of water samples tested. The density of PGY bacteria was higher than SPC and were In the range of 0 to 380 cfu/mL. Maximal values were found In first flow of water from taps In the early morning which contained lower residual chlorine. Prolonged incubation time resulted In Increased bacterial counts on both SPC and PGY plates. This tendency was more noticeable In samples collected from taps, particularly In first flow of water In the early morning. Dominant genera of the bacteria grown on SPG varied with different water supply systems and were Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Flavobacterlum, Methylobacterlum and Pseudomonas.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF CLEAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF DARUL HIKMAH MOSQUE IN POLITEKNIK NEGERI SEMARANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Stefanus Santosa ◽  
Edy Suhartono ◽  
Lukman Fahdiyat ◽  
Zulaikha Putri Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Discrepancy Model ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Supply Systems

Darul Hikmah Mosque is a building located inside Politeknik Negeri Semarang as a place of worship for all campus residents, and people who live around the area. The prayer activity is preceded by the Wudu. In order for Wudu to be carried out perfectly, sufficient quantities of water are needed. The lack of pressure and discharge of Wudu tap water, when used simultaneously, becomes a constraint that is the water pressure decreases. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors causing the lack of water discharge or pressure as required in SNI 03-7065-2005. The research method is quantitative descriptive by evaluating the performance of the existing water supply system and using a discrepancy model by comparing the evaluation results with existing data to find discrepancies. Evaluation results indicate that the factors that cause the lack of water pressure are the roof tank height is less than ideal for water distribution with gravitational power, and the volume of available water is not sufficient

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document