scholarly journals The Effect of Female Pheromone on the Functional State of Young Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Litvinova ◽  
Alena V. Bedareva ◽  
Ksenia Yu. Zubrikova
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Female Pheromone ◽  
Olfactory Testing

Introduction.Modern studies show that the presentation of smell of female mice before male mice infection with the influenza virus activates non-specific immune response which protects male mice from infection of the upper respiratory tract and reducing their mortality. However the researches have not studied the adaptive effect of female sexual pheromone on men.The aimof this work was to study the effect of odor of synthetic analogue of natural female pheromone (Osmopherine) on the functional state of young men often suffering from acute respiratory infections (ARI) and allergic diseases.Materials and methods.We studied four-week effect of Osmopherine on the psycho-emotional state, the concentration of hormones (testosterone, cortisol) and immunoglobulins (sIgA, total IgG), the percentage of leukocytes in the blood and the individual smell of young men, who have ARI more than 4 times a year or an allergic disease. The study involved 117 boys aged 19–23 years. Olfactory testing of individual odor samples of young men was carried out by young women (n = 32) aged 18–22 years.Results.It was found that female pheromone has a positive effect on the functional state of men with different immune systems. However its effect is caused by the pathogenesis of the disease. Application of Osmopherine in men with reduced immunity causes an increased activity, improved mood, reduced anxiety and stabilized testosterone level. Men with allergic diseases did not have the same effect. A significant 2 times decrease in the content of eosinophils was found, which indirectly indicates the decrease in the activity of the delayed phase of allergic reactions of immediate type.Conclusion.The immune system functions according to its internal laws and programs. However its activity for the benefit of the whole body is integrated and regulated by the nervous and endocrine systems. Therefore modulating effect on the functioning of the immune system can be mediated through the presentation of pheromones.

scholarly journals The Effect of Repeated Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Sirt1 and Sirt3 Concentrations and Oxidative Status in Older and Young Men Performing Different Levels of Physical Activity

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Gabriela Wojciak ◽  
Jadwiga Szymura ◽  
Zbigniew Szygula ◽  
Joanna Gradek ◽  
Magdalena Wiecek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽  
The Impact

Background: The activity of antioxidant enzymes and sirtuins (Sirt) decreases along with age, which is counteracted by aerobic training. Sirtuins increase antioxidant defence. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) increases total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in young men. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of 24 WBC treatments on the blood concentration of selected sirtuins and the level of antioxidant defence as well as oxidative stress index of training and non-training men depending on age. Methods: The study involved 40 males. In each group, there were 10 non-training older and young men (60 NTR and 20 NTR), and 10 older and young long-distance runners (60 TR, 20 TR). During an 8-week period, participants underwent 24 WBC treatments (3 min −130 °C), which were performed three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday). The concentrations of Sirt1, Sirt3, TAC, total oxidative status and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood were determined before 1 WBC and after 1 WBC, 12 WBC and 24 WBC. Results: After 1 WBC, the activity of GPx and the concentration of Sirt1 and TAC in 60 TR and TAC in 60 NTR increased. After 12 WBC, the level of Sirt1 in 20 NTR and SOD in 20 TR increased. After 24 WBC, the level of Sirt1 increased in 60 TR and in 20 NTR, Sirt3 in 60 TR and SOD in 20 TR. Conclusions: Cryogenic temperatures increase blood levels of Sirt1 and Sirt3 and systemic antioxidant defence in men, but the effect is dependent on age, level of performed physical activity and the number of applied treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of oral DHEA on serum testosterone and adaptations to resistance training in young men

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 2274-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Matthew D. Vukovich ◽  
Rick L. Sharp ◽  
Tracy A. Reifenrath ◽  
Kerry A. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Liver Transaminases ◽  
And Training

This study examined the effects of acute dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) ingestion on serum steroid hormones and the effect of chronic DHEA intake on the adaptations to resistance training. In 10 young men (23 ± 4 yr old), ingestion of 50 mg of DHEA increased serum androstenedione concentrations 150% within 60 min ( P < 0.05) but did not affect serum testosterone and estrogen concentrations. An additional 19 men (23 ± 1 yr old) participated in an 8-wk whole body resistance-training program and ingested DHEA (150 mg/day, n = 9) or placebo ( n = 10) during weeks 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8. Serum androstenedione concentrations were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased in the DHEA-treated group after 2 and 5 wk. Serum concentrations of free and total testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, lipids, and liver transaminases were unaffected by supplementation and training, while strength and lean body mass increased significantly and similarly ( P < 0.05) in the men treated with placebo and DHEA. These results suggest that DHEA ingestion does not enhance serum testosterone concentrations or adaptations associated with resistance training in young men.

Effect of variable protein intake on whole-body protein turnover in young men and women

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Pannemans ◽  
D Halliday ◽  
K R Westerterp ◽  
A D Kester
Keyword(s):  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Men And Women

scholarly journals The state of the capillary bed in children with allergic diseases of the respiratory tract according to computer capillaroscopy of the nail bed

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Yu. L. Mizernitskiy ◽  
I. M. Melnikova ◽  
E. V. Udaltsova
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Nail Bed ◽  
Capillary Bed ◽  
Functional Features

Introduction. The actuality of children allergic respiratory diseases problem is due to the steady increase oftheir occurrence all over the world. Computerized capillaroscopy (ССS) of the nail bed is a non-invasive and highly informative method for assessing the structural and functional parameters of capillaries in real time and physiological conditions, and so it is effectively applied in pediatric practice. However, studies in this promising direction are rare. Aim. Was to determine the microcirculation peculiarities in children suffering from respiratory allergic diseases with prolonged cough, using the method of computerized capillaroscopy of the nail bed. Materials and methods. 238 children aged from 2 to 17 years with acute and chronic respiratory diseases, accompanied by prolonged (more than 4 weeks) cough, were examined and divided into 4 groups (Gr): Gr1 (n=68) – patients with acute or exacerbation of the chronic upper respiratory tract diseases of the infectious genesis; Gr2 (n=53) – patients with lower respiratory tract infection; Gr3 (n=39) – patients with allergic rhinitis; Gr4 (n=78) – patients with bronchial asthma (BA). All patients underwent history, examination and ССS of the nail bed. Results. Patients with allergic diseases of the respiratory tract, especially with BA, were found to have structural and functional disorders of the capillary bed and a pronounced increase in the length of the perivascular zone indicating an increase in the hydration degree of the interstitial space due to chronic allergic inflammation, in contrast to children with respiratory tract infection getting changed microcirculation parameters mainly in the venous part of capillaries. Conclusion. CСS of the nail bed is a highly informative method to identify functional features of the capillaries in allergic and infectious pathologies of the respiratory system, which can be successfully used as additional criteria for their differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Lactoferrin beneficially influences the recovery of physiological and behavioral indexes in mice exposed to acute gamma-irradiation

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.Ю. Копаева ◽  
И.Б. Алчинова ◽  
М.В. Нестеренко ◽  
А.Б. Черепов ◽  
И.Ю. Зарайская ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sublethal Dose ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Compensatory Effect

Целью настоящей работы стало исследование эффектов лактоферрина (Лф) человека у мышей после острого гамма-облучения в сублетальной дозе. Методы. Исследование было проведено на 2-2,5-месячных самцах мышей линии C57Bl/6. Животные из экспериментальных групп были подвергнуты общему воздействию гамма-излучения в дозе 7,5 Гр. Сразу после облучения и повторно через 24 часа после него часть животных получила инъекцию Лф (внутрибрюшинно, 4 мг на животное). Было изучено влияние Лф на выживаемость и среднюю продолжительность жизни мышей. Для оценки общей двигательной и исследовательской активности использовали тест «Открытое поле». Результаты. Введение Лф позволило увеличить выживаемость и среднюю продолжительность жизни облученных мышей в течение эксперимента. Происходила более быстрая нормализация динамики изменения массы тела. Кроме того, Лф оказал компенсаторное действие на исследовательскую активность облученных животных. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of human lactoferrin (Lf) in mice exposed to acute gamma-irradiation at a sublethal dose. Methods. C57Вl/6 2-2.5-month-old male mice were used for the experiments. Animals from experimental groups were exposed to whole-body gamma-radiation at a dose of 7.5 Gy. Some animals received an intraperitoneal injection of Lf (4 mg per animal) immediately and then at 24 hours after the irradiation. The effect of Lf on survival rate and life span was studied. The open field test was used to assess locomotor and research activity. Results. The Lf administration increased the survival rate and life span of irradiated mice during the experiment. The dynamics of body weight normalized faster. In addition, Lf exerted a compensatory effect on the research activity of irradiated animals.

scholarly journals The profile of cytokines in adolescents with pollinoses

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
I. I. Balabolkin ◽  
Vilya A. Bulgakova ◽  
I. E. Smirnov ◽  
E. V. Belyaeva ◽  
V. V. Botvinyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Hay Fever ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Serum Cytokine ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The formation of hay fever as a form of allergic pathology in children is determined by the sensitization of the growing organism to pollen allergens with the production of specific IgE and significant influence of atopy. Comprehensively there were examined 45 adolescents of 10-17 years, suffering from hay fever. Serum cytokine content was determined by ELISA. Adolescents suffering from hay fever, in the remission of the disease were established to show an increase of production IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, accompanied by an increase in total serum IgE level. It indicates to the prevalence of Th2-immune response and participation of atopy in their development. The elevation of the IL-12 serum level in adolescents suffering from hay fever, more pronounced in patients with chronic inflammatory pathology of the upper respiratory tract, is possibly aimed at the reinforcement of the synthesis of IFN-a and suppression of the excessive Th2- immune response. The development of Th1/Th2 imbalance with predominance of Th2 immune response and changes in the cytokine status in examined adolescents are the determining factors for the occurrence of diseases due to pollen sensitization in them. The study of the assembly of various cytokines in pollenoses permits to destine about the functional activity of various cells of the immune system, the severity of the allergic process, the degree of activation of Th2 and Th1 lymphocytes, which should be considered in the treatment of these forms of allergic diseases in children.

scholarly journals Multi-domain cognitive assessment of male mice reveals whole body exposure to space radiation is not detrimental to high-level cognition and actually improves pattern separation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody W. Whoolery ◽  
Sanghee Yun ◽  
Ryan P. Reynolds ◽  
Melanie J. Lucero ◽  
Ivan Soler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Pattern Separation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Functional Integrity ◽  
Brain Circuits ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTAstronauts on interplanetary space missions - such as to Mars - will be exposed to space radiation, a spectrum of highly-charged, fast-moving particles that includes 56Fe and 28Si. Earth-based preclinical studies with mature, “astronaut-aged” rodents show space radiation decreases performance in low- and some high-level cognitive tasks. Given the prevalence of touchscreens in astronaut training and in-mission assessment, and the ability of rodent touchscreen tasks to assess the functional integrity of brain circuits and multiple cognitive domains in a non-aversive way, it is surprising the effect of space radiation on rodent touchscreen performance is unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, 6-month-old C57BL/6J male mice were exposed to whole-body space radiation and assessed on a touchscreen battery starting 1-month later. Relative to Sham, 56Fe irradiation did not overtly change performance on tasks of visual discrimination, reversal learning, rule-based, or object-spatial paired associates learning, suggesting preserved functional integrity of supporting brain circuits. Surprisingly, 56Fe irradiation led to better performance on a dentate gyrus-reliant task of pattern separation ability. Irradiated mice discriminated similar visual cues in ∼40% fewer days and ∼40% more accurately than control mice. Improved pattern separation was not touchscreen-, radiation-particle, or neurogenesis-dependent, as both 56Fe and 28Si irradiation led to faster context discrimination (e.g. Sham Block 5 vs. 56Fe Block 2) in a non-touchscreen task and 56Fe led to fewer new dentate gyrus neurons relative to Sham. These data urge revisitation of the broadly-held view that space radiation is detrimental to cognition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAstronauts on an interplanetary mission - such as to Mars - will be unavoidably exposed to galactic cosmic radiation, a spectrum of highly-charged, fast-moving particles. Rodent studies suggest space radiation is detrimental to cognition. However, here we show this is not universally true. Mature mice that received whole body exposure to Mars-relevant space radiation perform similarly to control mice on high-level cognitive tasks, reflecting the functional integrity of key neural circuits. Even more surprisingly, irradiated mice perform better than controls in both appetitive and aversive tests of pattern separation, a mission-critical task reliant on dentate gyrus integrity. Notably, improved pattern separation was not touchscreen-, radiation-particle-, or neurogenesis-dependent. Our work urges revisitation of the generally-accepted conclusion that space radiation is detrimental to cognition.

Evaluation of the Impact of the Whole-body Cryotherapy Treatment on the Functional Condition of the Knee Joints in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Przedborska ◽  
Mateusz Szymczak ◽  
Małgorzata Kilon ◽  
Łukasz Kikowski ◽  
Jan Raczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Gait Function ◽  
Whole Body Cryotherapy ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease that leads to disability of patients. The use of the whole-body cryotherapy treatment for RA patients provides analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and improves their efficiency. Aim: Assessment of the effect of the whole-body cryotherapy treatment on the functional state of knee joints for patients with RA. Material and Method: The study was conducted on a group of 30 RA patients, who underwent a series of 10 whole-body cryotherapy treatment. The effectiveness and efficiency of the applied therapy was assessed on the basis of: the VAS scale, the Laitinen scale, the assessment of the range of motion, muscle strength with the MicroFet dynamometer and the Up and Go test. Results: As a result of the applied whole-body cryotherapy treatment, a reduction in the intensity of pain, measured with the VAS scale and the Laitinen scale, and a reduction in the duration of morning stiffness by about 55% were found. There was an increase in the range of motion and muscle strength. The time needed to perform the Up and Go test was reduced by 17%. Conclusions: The whole-body cryotherapy treatment is an effective analgesic method of physiotherapy for patients with RA. It provides an improvement in the functional state, increases the range of motion, muscle strength and improves the gait function.

Allergenic pollen emissions from vegetation—threats and prevention

2018 ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
Åslög Dahl ◽  
Matilda van den Bosch ◽  
Thomas Ogren
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Pollen Biology

Allergic diseases are caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to a certain environmental exposure. Many different agents may induce an allergic reaction. This chapter concerns reactions to pollen. Although allergies to animals, for example dogs and cats, may be considered as part of nature-induced allergy, the focus here is on vegetation. Allergic reactions to pollen depend on the type of pollen, biological properties, location, and individual factors. Changes in our immune systems, our living environments and lifestyles, and climate change may play a role in the increasing prevalence of pollen allergies. This chapter contains three major sections: first, the basics of pollen biology are outlined; secondly, pollen’s impact on human health are introduced; and finally, the chapter includes a section on how practitioners and policymakers can plan our cities to be green, and yet limited in allergenic exposure.

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