scholarly journals Packaging sixto duran ballen and the dam la esperanza

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Gloria Santana Parrales ◽  
Beatriz Irene Caballero Giler ◽  
Maria Shirlendy Guerrero Alcivar
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Water Project ◽  
International Firms ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Observation Method

The dam is a reservoir that stores about 450,000,000 cubic meters of water, has multiple purposes allowing flood control, produces irrigation water, for human consumption and shrimp farming in the area center of the province of Manabí. The first studies for the construction of the dam were carried out in the years 1970 to 1975 as a result of the hydrological/economic feasibility plan of the Province of Manabí, and of the integral hydro-agricultural area of the Carrizal Chone Basin. After several preliminary studies with different international firms and with changes of designs in 1992, the Dragados and Constructions SA Company was in charge of the construction of what is now the Manabí water project. It is located in the parish of Quiroga approximately 12 kilometers from the cantonal canton of Bolívar Canton, Calceta, with an extension of 2,500 hectares, with a construction area of 120 hectares and will allow irrigation of 17,000 hectares of the central area of Manabí. The objective of the work is to make an analysis of the construction of the La Esperanza dam. For this, the logical historical method was used, as well as the bibliography search to know the historical construction of the dam, as well as the observation method.

Cultivation of rice for animal feed with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater for enhanced nitrogen removal: comparison of cultivation systems feeding irrigation water upward and downward

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Muramatsu ◽  
H. Ito ◽  
A. Sasaki ◽  
A. Kajihara ◽  
T. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Treated Municipal Wastewater

To achieve enhanced nitrogen removal, we modified a cultivation system with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater by using rice for animal feed instead of human consumption. The performance of this modified system was evaluated through a bench-scale experiment by comparing the direction of circulated irrigation (i.e. passing through paddy soil upward and downward). The modified system achieved more than three times higher nitrogen removal (3.2 g) than the system in which rice for human consumption was cultivated. The removal efficiency was higher than 99.5%, regardless of the direction of circulated irrigation. Nitrogen in the treated municipal wastewater was adsorbed by the rice plant in this cultivation system as effectively as chemical fertilizer used in normal paddy fields. Circulated irrigation increased the nitrogen released to the atmosphere, probably due to enhanced denitrification. Neither the circulation of irrigation water nor its direction affected the growth of the rice plant and the yield and quality of harvested rice. The yield of rice harvested in this system did not reach the target value in normal paddy fields. To increase this yield, a larger amount of treated wastewater should be applied to the system, considering the significant amount of nitrogen released to the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Probiotics as Antiviral Agents in Shrimp Aquaculture

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bestha Lakshmi ◽  
Buddolla Viswanath ◽  
D. V. R. Sai Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Shrimp Aquaculture ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Shrimp Farms ◽  
Criteria For Selection

Shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimps or prawns for human consumption and is now considered as a major economic and food production sector as it is an increasingly important source of protein available for human consumption. Intensification of shrimp farming had led to the development of a number of diseases, which resulted in the excessive use of antimicrobial agents, which is finally responsible for many adverse effects. Currently, probiotics are chosen as the best alternatives to these antimicrobial agents and they act as natural immune enhancers, which provoke the disease resistance in shrimp farm. Viral diseases stand as the major constraint causing an enormous loss in the production in shrimp farms. Probiotics besides being beneficial bacteria also possess antiviral activity. Exploitation of these probiotics in treatment and prevention of viral diseases in shrimp aquaculture is a novel and efficient method. This review discusses the benefits of probiotics and their criteria for selection in shrimp aquaculture and their role in immune power enhancement towards viral diseases.

scholarly journals Sustainability and feasibility assessments of nanobubble aeration technology in economic-socio environment of Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Lily Susanti ◽  
Suyud Warno Utomo ◽  
Noverita Dian Takarina
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Penaeus Vannamei ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
Total Ammonia

Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming in Indonesia is faced with several challenges in the environmental, economic, and social aspects. Therefore, this study aims to assess the benefits of novel nanobubble aeration systems for the ecosystem, businesses, and communities. This is an experimental study conducted by comparing P. vannamei post larva 10 reared at a density of 2000 inds./L in a pond treated with nanobubble and without treatments (control). Furthermore, the Net Present Value (NPV) and payback period were calculated to assess the economic feasibility of nanobubble, while community interviews were used for the social sectors. Based on the results, environmental wastes of shrimp farming in form of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) were reduced by 9% from 2.58 mg/l (95%CI: 0,91, 4,25) in control compared to 2.35 mg/l (95%CI: 0,86, 3,84) in treatment. Furthermore, the revenues from post larva sales for five years and nanobubble investment costs showed that the estimated NPV was IDR 64,824,374 with a payback period of 1.7 years. The interviews on traditional shrimp farming showed that 61.1% to 72.2% of community members agreed on the use of nanobubble aeration to support livelihoods. Therefore, the use of nanobubbles is feasible to support sustainable P. vannamei farming.

scholarly journals Effect of the Boron Concentration in Irrigation Water on the Elemental Composition of Edible Parts of Tomato, Green Bean, Potato, and Cabbage Grown on Soils With Different Textures

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Rékási ◽  
Péter Ragályi ◽  
Anna Füzy ◽  
Nikolett Uzinger ◽  
Péter Dobosy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Silty Soil ◽  
Tomato Fruit Ripening ◽  
Edible Parts

The most important environmental source of boron (B) contamination is irrigation water. The data on the effect of B on the elemental composition in the edible parts of vegetables are scarce. A greenhouse pot experiment investigated the effect of irrigation water containing 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L B on the biomass, elemental (e.g., B, Mg, K, Fe, Cu, and Zn) composition, and photosynthetic parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), potato (Solanum tuberosum), and cabbage (Brassica oleracea) plants grown on 10 kg of sand, silty sand, or silty soil. The biomass of the edible part was unaffected by B treatment. The soil type determined the effect of B irrigation on the elemental composition of vegetables. The B content increased by 19% in tomatoes grown on silty soil. The 0.1 mg/L B treatment facilitated tomato fruit ripening on all soils, and the 0.5 mg/L B treatment doubled its chlorophyll content index (CCI) on silty soil. The 0.5 mg/L B treatment negatively affected the nutritional value of green beans on all soils, decreasing the Fe and K contents by an average of 83 and 34%, respectively. The elemental composition of potato was unaffected by the treatments, but the CCI of potato leaves increased in the 0.5 mg/L B treatment by 26%. The B content was increased by 39% in cabbages grown on light-textured soils. In conclusion, B concentration of up to 0.5 mg/L in irrigation water had no significant beneficial or adverse effect on the investigated vegetables, but 0.1 mg/L B treatment could shorten tomato fruit maturation time on B-poor soils. The B levels in vegetables remained suitable for human consumption.

Re-habitation and changes in the genetic diversity of aquatic insects in a newly restored shoal type habitat created as the result of a nature restoration project in the central basin of the Chikuma-gawa River

Zoosymposia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
RIE SAITO ◽  
KAZUKI SEKINÉ ◽  
KOJI TOJO
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Restoration Project ◽  
Nature Restoration ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Impact

The channels of almost all rivers in Japan have been fixed through the construction of artificial riverbanks to control flooding. In addition, to prevent flooding, maintenance works including the removal of gravel from the channels must be conducted regularly. As a result, the level of most riverbeds within river channels has been lowered, and riverbanks have become far steeper. These large changes to riverside environments have significantly altered the type of habitats available to plants, causing the level of vegetation growth on the riverside to increase. To improve such flood control methods, a new excavation project has commenced in the central area of the Chikuma-gawa River basin, under the auspices of the newly commissioned “Government Nature Restoration Project”. As part of this project, a large shallow environment approximately 1 km in length along the river’s course was newly created. We have attempted to evaluate the impact of this project and the subsequent environmental response, focusing on two dominant benthos, Stenopsyche marmorata and Isonychia japonica, particularly the dynamics of their genetic structure and diversity. Following the excavation of riverbanks and channels, the population density reached the same levels as at the control site, in a relatively short period of time. This is because the research site was limited to a small area within the large-scale river basin, with robust habitats located both upstream and downstream. The two target species in this study represent typical dominant species in the central basin of this river, and occur at high density. In other words, they could be transferred smoothly from the surrounding robust habitats, especially by the flow from upstream.

scholarly journals Economic feasibility study of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp farming: nanobubble investment in increasing harvest productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Syifa Mauladani ◽  
Asri Ifani Rahmawati ◽  
Muhammad Fahrurrozi Absirin ◽  
Rizki Nugraha Saputra ◽  
Aprian Fajar Pratama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Benefit Cost

This study aimed to evaluate the economic feasibility of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp reared at 400 shrimp/m2 in 56 days of culture. The experimental design was set in an 800 m2 HDPE pond installed with nanobubble and non-nanobubble. Shrimp survival and total harvest in nanobubble treatment was increased to 92% and 2,255 kg, respectively. Economic parameters calculated in this study were Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), Break Even Point (BEP), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio), and Sensitivity Analysis (SA). The total investment required to run this farming practice is IDR 182,887,700. Total revenue per cycle is estimated at IDR 157,850,000 with the selling price of IDR 70,000/kg of shrimp. The estimated PP is 4 cycles, with an NPV of IDR 172,329,247 projected in 10 cycles. IRR is estimated at 18% and BEP is reached after 7,058 kg production of shrimp. B/C Ratio is estimated to be 1.26 and SA showed that productivity is the most affecting parameters in the present analysis. Based on the economic study, vannamei shrimp farming associated with nanobubble system is feasible to be realized.

scholarly journals Diseases of shrimps and natural methods to protect their health

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (01) ◽  
pp. 6154-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA KAZUŃ ◽  
KRZYSZTOF KAZUŃ ◽  
ANDRZEJ KRZYSZTOF SIWICKI
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
White Spot Disease ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Yellow Head Virus

Shrimp farming is an economically important part of aquaculture. Shrimps constitute the largest portion of shellfish intended for human consumption. According to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), viral diseases pose the most serious threat to shrimp farming. There are currently six viral and two bacterial diseases on the OIE list. The most serious viral diseases are white spot disease (WSD), Taura syndrome (TS), infection with yellow head virus genotype 1 (YHV), infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis (IHHN), infectious myonecrosis (IMN) and white tail disease (WTD), whereas the most dangerous bacterial diseases are acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (NHP). All these diseases result in high mortality, thus limiting shrimp production and causing large economic losses. Therefore, effective preparations are constantly sought to control infectious diseases in shrimps. Probiotics and immunostimulants, thanks to their demonstrated antibacterial and antiviral effects, as well their positive impact on the immune system, may play a crucial role in protecting the health of shrimps.

scholarly journals Assessing the Effect of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in a Rapidly Urbanized City: A Case Study of the Central Area of Beijing

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Hu ◽  
Yunyun Fan ◽  
Tao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

The change in land use during the process of urbanization affects surface runoff and increases flood risk in big cities. This study investigated the impact of land use change on surface runoff in Beijing’s central area during the period of rapid urbanization from 1984 to 2019. Land use maps of 1984, 1999, 2009, and 2019 were generated by image classification of Landsat images. Surface runoffs were calculated with the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) model. Correlation analysis was used to identify the dominant factor of land use change affecting surface runoff. The result showed that the variation trend of surface runoff was consistent with the trend of impervious land in Beijing’s central area, which increased during 1984~2009 and decreased during 2009~2019. Correlation analysis showed that changes in surface runoff were most strongly correlated with changes in impervious surfaces when compared with the correlation of runoff with other types of land use. The results of this study may provide a reference for city flood control and urban planning in fast growing cities worldwide, especially in developing countries.

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