scholarly journals Intégration économique des nouveaux immigrants: adéquation entre l'emploi occupé avant l'arrivée au Québec et les emplois occupés depuis l'immigration

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Girard ◽  
Michael Smith ◽  
Jean Renaud

Résumé. Le manque de reconnaissance des titres de compétences acquis à l’étranger par les employeurs canadiens est l’une des causes souvent citées pour expliquer l’augmentation de la disparité salariale entre immigrants et non-immigrants au Canada. Le but de la présente étude est d’analyser le lien entre le domaine de l’emploi principal occupé par les immigrants avant leur arrivée et les emplois qu’ils ont occupés en début d’établissement, ainsi que l’effet net d’une adéquation des emplois sur le revenu des immigrants récents. Les données proviennent de l’enquête longitudinale sur l’établissement des nouveaux immigrants (ÉNI), laquelle retrace le parcours d’une cohorte d’immigrants arrivés en 1989. Les résultats suggèrent que la plupart des immigrants récents ne se trouvent pas un emploi dans leur domaine; par ailleurs, se trouver un emploi dans son domaine mène à un salaire plus élevé. Abstract. One of the reasons often provided for the salary gap between immigrants and native-born Canadians is the difficulty experienced by many immigrants in securing recognition for skills acquired overseas. In this paper, we examine the extent to which, after arrival, immigrants find jobs in the same occupations in which they were employed in their home countries. We also examine the effect on earnings of a match between the pre- and post-immigration occupations. The data come from the longitudinal survey “Établissement des nouveaux immigrants” which followed a cohort of immigrants who arrived in 1989. Our results suggest that most recent immigrants move into a new occupation when they arrive in Canada and that those whose pre- and post-immigration occupations match tend to earn more.

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Maani

This paper examines the assimilation hypothesis for young adult first-and second-generation immigrants in Australia. Models of the total weeks of unemployment and the number of spells of unemployment are examined as indicators of relative labor market conditions. The study differs from earlier work by focusing on young first- and second-generation immigrants and by utilizing information over four consecutive years of the Australian Longitudinal Survey (ALS) data, a comprehensive data set compiled for 1985–1988. The results consistently indicate that even when controlling for qualifications, both first- and second-generation immigrants are at a disadvantage. The results, however, support the hypothesis of declining disadvantage, as second-generation immigrants and those with more years in Australia had significantly more favorable conditions than recent immigrants both overall and within country of origin groups.


2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hartmann

Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns (SLODR) with regard to age was tested in two different databases from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. The first database consisted of 6,980 boys and girls aged 12–16 from the 1997 cohort ( NLSY 1997 ). The subjects were tested with a computer-administered adaptive format (CAT) of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) consisting of 12 subtests. The second database consisted of 11,448 male and female subjects aged 15–24 from the 1979 cohort ( NLSY 1979 ). These subjects were tested with the older 10-subtest version of the ASVAB. The hypothesis was tested by dividing the sample into Young and Old age groups while keeping IQ fairly constant by a method similar to the one developed and employed by Deary et al. (1996) . The different age groups were subsequently factor-analyzed separately. The eigenvalue of the first principal component (PC1) and the first principal axis factor (PAF1), and the average intercorrelation of the subtests were used as estimates of the g saturation and compared across groups. There were no significant differences in the g saturation across age groups for any of the two samples, thereby pointing to no support for this aspect of Spearman's “Law of Diminishing Returns.”


Author(s):  
Nusa FAIN ◽  
Michel ROD ◽  
Erik BOHEMIA

This paper explores the influence of teaching approaches on entrepreneurial mindset of commerce, design and engineering students across 3 universities. The research presented in this paper is an initial study within a larger project looking into building ‘entrepreneurial mindsets’ of students, and how this might be influenced by their disciplinary studies. The longitudinal survey will measure the entrepreneurial mindset of students at the start of a course and at the end. Three different approaches to teaching the courses were employed – lecture and case based, blended online and class based and fully project-based course. The entrepreneurial mindset growth was surprisingly strongest within the engineering cohort, but was closely followed by the commerce students, whereas the design students were slightly more conservative in their assessments. Future study will focus on establishing what other influencing factors beyond the teaching approaches may relate to the observed change.


2002 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Tito Boeri ◽  
Joaquim Oliveira Martins

1993 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-167
Author(s):  
Sandrine Cazes

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