scholarly journals An inter-site study of biofouling recruitment on static immersion panels in major ports of South East Asia and India

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Chin Sing Lim ◽  
Zuliza Haji Jolkifli ◽  
Alina Jair ◽  
Noorizan Karim ◽  
Ranimah A. Wahab ◽  
...  

Limited knowledge of native marine biodiversity hinders effective biodiversity management to safeguard South and Southeast Asia’s marine coastal environment against the threat of invasive species transfer through shipping. In particular, sessile marine biofouling organisms in South East Asian ports are poorly known. Through the support of the ASEAN-India Cooperation Project on the Extent of Transfer of Alien Invasive Organisms in South/South East Asia Region by Shipping, a coordinated effort to examine diversity of biofouling organisms in major port areas in Southeast Asia and India was made using polyvinylchloride (PVC) panels as recruitment surfaces in a static immersion study for a period of 12 months. Not surprisingly, the study revealed that fouling patterns differed between ports possibly as a result of dissimilar hydrographic conditions. However, there were also underlying similarities that reflected a regional uniformity in the composition of fouling communities. At the same time, the alien Caribbean bivalve Mytilopsis sallei was detected in Manila Bay (Philippines), Songkhla Port (Thailand) and Singapore. This is a first simultaneous biofouling survey involving scientists and government stakeholders from India and ASEAN nations of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines and Vietnam.

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-424
Author(s):  
S. Mahayana

The long history of Malayan-Indonesia language often can’t be separated from many political interest of state. moreover, after juridical legitimated in UUD 1945 as State Language, Indonesian language act as state language, national language, union language, official language, interrelation language in every side of people. Therefore, Indonesian language become un-separated part of Indonesian nation’s life. Meanwhile, because Indonesian language rooted from Malayan language, an effort to unite similarity with language in ASEAN (south East Asia) region, as Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei Darussalam language, isn’t a meaningless task. In fact, to prevent misunderstanding between nations, this effort is a necessary.  


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
Priskila Pratita Penasthika

ABSTRACTASEAN member countries will carry out the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015. The ASEAN  Economic CommunityASEAN, the Political-Security Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community are the 3 main pillars of the ASEAN Community. Specifically, the purpose of the AEC is the liberalization of trade in goods and services, investment, capital and Labor flow in the South-East Asia region. In relation to the investment liberalization, ASEAN member countrieshave entered into the ASEAN ComprehensiveInvestment Agreement (ACIA). ACIA is designed with the purpose of creating an investment regime that is more free and open, in order to achieve economic integration in the South-East Asia region. One of the obstaclesencountered in the effort to achieve the purpose of the ACIA is the legalisation process of foreign public documents. The legalisation process for foreign public documents is a complicated process, time-consuming and very costly. The Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents 1961(Apostille Convention) regulates the simpler, less time-consuming and less costly. However, Brunei Darussalam is the only ASEAN member countries who party to this convention. Considering the objectives to be achieved within the framework of the AEC in 2015 and to create a conducive regime for investment activities in the South-East Asia region, accession of the ASEAN members to the Apostille Convention is inevitably required. Keywords: AEC 2015, Apostille, Investment.  ABSTRAK Pada tahun 2015, negara-negara anggota ASEAN akan merealisasikan Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA). Bersama dengan Masyarakat Politik dan Keamanan ASEAN (ASEAN Political-Security Community) dan Masyarakat Sosial dan Budaya ASEAN (ASEAN Socio-Culture Community), MEA menjadi 3 pilar dalam pembangunan Masyarakat ASEAN. Tujuan dari MEA adalah adanyaliberalisasidibidang perdaganganbarang dan jasa, investasi, aliran modaldan tenaga kerjadi wilayahAsiaTenggara.Sehubungan dengan tujuan liberalisasi di bidang investasi, negara-negara anggota ASEAN telah menyepakati ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement (ACIA). ACIA dirancang dengan tujuan untuk menciptakan suatu rezim investasi yang lebih bebas dan terbuka, demi tercapainya integrasi ekonomi di wilayah ASEAN. Salah satu hambatan yang dihadapi dalam usaha untuk mencapai tujuan ACIA adalah adanya keberadaan proses legalisasi dokumen publik asing yang berbelit-belit, dan memerlukan waktu dan biaya yang tidak sedikit. Proses legalisasi yang lebih sederhana dengan waktu dan biaya yang lebih sedikittelah diatur secara komprehensif dalam The Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement for Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents 1961 (Apostille Convention). Namun demikian, Brunei Darussalam adalah satu-satunya negara anggota ASEAN yang telah menjadi peserta dari konvensi ini. Dengan mempertimbangkan tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam rangka MEApada tahun 2015 dankelancaran dalam kegiatan investasi di wilayah regional ASEAN, aksesi negara-negara anggota ASEAN terhadap Apostille Conventionmerupakan suatu kebutuhan yang tak terhindarkan. Kata Kunci: MEA 2015, Apostille, Investasi


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mohd Mizan Mohammad Aslam

<p>This study analyzes the existence and political history of Kumpulan Militan Malaysia (Malaysia Militant Group-KMM); the most spectacular Muslim militant group to recently emerge from Malaysia. Using an interpretive framework derived from typology of radicalism, this study exposes the roots of the group and its transformation into a militant movement. Based on extensive fieldwork, numerous interviews and in-depth research of related documents, this study demonstrates that the existence of KMM cannot be dissociated from Afghanistan’s global Jihadist campaign.  This study analyzes the activities of KMM in the context of radical Islam in the South East Asia region and its wider connection, particularly with the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI). Findings from fieldwork research conducted with active and ex-members of KMM and JI are presented to find the answer to the question pertaining the involvement of these two groups in terrorism activities in Southeast Asia.  Southeast Asian contemporary social and political scenarios have been build-up from a long history of rebellious freedom fighters against colonial super-powers. In addition to nationalism, Islamization has also played a significant role in establishing freedom movements in the 1940s and 1950s. Systematic pressure under colonial powers and harsh policies implemented by ultra nationalists to these groups resulted in a series of rebellions and defiance such as what happened in Indonesia, Southern Thailand and the Southern Philippines. Historical facts led to radicalism in these countries, which are important for gaining a better knowledge about Muslim radicalism in Southeast Asia also presented in this thesis.  The ‘typology of radicalism’ - the transformation from ‘nominal believers’ to activists, extremists, radicals and terrorists is explained in this research. Understanding Islam and their willingness to perform Jihad as was carried out in Afghanistan has had a significant impact on today’s militants. Finally, this research suggests the best methods for overcoming radicalism and diffusing KMM and JI’s threat in Southeast Asia.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-387
Author(s):  
S. Satyanarayana ◽  
V. Bhatia ◽  
P. P. Mandal ◽  
A. Kanchar ◽  
D. Falzon ◽  
...  

In September 2018, all countries made a commitment at the first ever United Nations High‐Level Meeting (UNHLM) on TB, to provide TB preventive treatment (TPT) to at least 30 million people at high‐risk of TB disease between 2018 and 2022. In the WHO South‐East Asia Region (SEA Region), which accounts for 44% of the global TB burden, only 1.2 million high‐risk individuals (household contacts and people living with HIV) were provided TPT (11% of the 10.8 million regional UNHLM TPT target) in 2018 and 2019. By 2020, almost all 11 countries of the SEA Region had revised their policies on TPT target groups and criteria to assess TPT eligibility, and had adopted at least one shorter TPT regimen recommended in the latest WHO TPT guidelines. The major challenges for TPT scale‐up in the SEA Region are resource shortages, knowledge and service delivery/uptake gaps among providers and service recipients, and the lack of adequate quantities of rifapentine for use in shorter TPT regimens. There are several regional opportunities to address these gaps and countries of the SEA Region must make use of these opportunities to scale up TPT services rapidly to reduce the TB burden in the SEA Region.


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