scholarly journals Relación entre el estado nutricional de niños de kínder y primero básico de dos colegios municipales de la Región del Maule y la percepción de sus padres sobre la Actividad Física y Hábitos Alimentarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Cesar Faúndez Casanova ◽  
Eleazar Falcón Canales ◽  
Nicolás Silva Moya ◽  
Vanessa Vergara Peredo ◽  
Víctor Contreras Mellado
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Municipal Schools ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Organization

The present study used the recommendations of the World Health Organization to measure nutritional status, doing so through the body mass index. The purpose of the study is to relate the nutritional status of kindergarten and first grade students from two municipal schools in the Maule region with the eating habits and physical activity perceived by the parents. 87 kindergarten and first grade students were evaluated. The results show that in kindergarten overweight and obesity reached (76.2%) respectively, and in first grade an overweight and obesity of (70.6%), however, no greater relationship was found between knowledge of the parents of the importance of physical activity in the life of their children and their nutritional status as well as in the eating habits that they reported of their children in relation to nutritional status. Students are in a nutritional state of risk and the perception of parents is low in terms of the knowledge they have regarding the practice of physical activity and eating habits, being directly related to the poor nutritional status that they present.

scholarly journals Modern view on the problem of children and adolescents physical development assesment

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L D Izotova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Children Under 5

The aim of work was to compile information on current international approaches to children and adolescents physical development assessment. Physical development is an important health indicator of children and adolescents, which reflects individual sexual and constitutional features, different climatic and socio-economic living conditions. Currently different of methods are used to assess children physical development. In 2006, the World Health Organization introduced a reference growth rates of children under 5 years («Child Growth Standards for children»), which show how children should grow while ensuring proper care, feeding and healthy environment. These standards make it possible to assess the physical development of children all over the world, regardless of ethnicity, feeding type and socioeconomic status. «WHO Growth Reference 2007» standards are developed for children from 5 to 19 years. It is recommended to evaluate nutritional status from 2 years of age by calculating the body mass index standard deviation score (SDS) on the standard for the corresponding age and sex. The program for personal computers «WHO Anthro» was developed for individual assessment of children under 5 years anthropometric indicators using both parametric (sigma - Z-score determination) and nonparametric (centile - percentile determination) methods, and the program «WHO AnthroPLUS» - for children and adolescents over 5 years. The programs allow to asses physical development easily and conveniently in practical application and to visualize the results. The World Health Organization international reference standards allow to evaluate physical development pathology, including nutritional status, according to international criteria for malnutrition, overweight and obesity, short and tall stature diagnosis. Adoption of the World Health Organization standards unifies the methodology for assessing the children and adolescents physical development, will make comparable the results obtained at different time, in different countries and regions of the world.

scholarly journals Secular Trends of Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity in Children and Adolescents from Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3302
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dereń ◽  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Serhiy Nyankovskyy ◽  
Olena Nyankovska ◽  
Marta Yatsula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Obesity In Children

Overweight and obesity, as well as underweight in children and adolescents, pose a significant public health issue. This study aimed to investigate the secular trend of the incidence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in children from Ukraine in 2013/2014 and 2018/2019. The studies were conducted in randomly selected primary and secondary schools in Ukraine. In total, 13,447 children (6468 boys and 6979 girls) participated in the study in 2013/2014 and 18,144 children (8717 boys and 9427 girls) participated in 2018/2019. Measurements of body weight and height were performed in triplicate. Underweight, overweight, and obesity were diagnosed according to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). In the group of girls, a significant difference between 2013/2014 and 2018/2019 measurements was found only among 7-year-olds. The percentage of girls at this age exceeding the body mass index (BMI) norm was lower in the 2018/2019 study. In boys, a significant difference was also found in 7-year-olds, and, as in girls, a lower share of overweight and obesity was found in 2018/2019. But for the ages of 12, 13, and 15, the significant differences had a different character—more overweight or obese boys were found in the 2018/2019 study. The proportion of underweight children was similar for the majority of age groups in both genders and did not differ in a statistically significant way.

scholarly journals Comparison and agreement of criteria for the BMI classification of physically active elderly women living in the Backlands, semi-arid Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo De Maio Nascimento ◽  
Luiz Gabriel Dantas Pereira ◽  
Phillipe Ramon Nogueira Cordeiro ◽  
Luciana Márcia Gomes de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: The study of the nutritional status of the elderly deserves attention, since there is no consensus on the criteria for the evaluation of the Body Mass Index (BMI) of this population.Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of elderly women practicing regular physical exercises, as well as to compare the World Health Organization (WHO) and Lipschitz criteria to the identification of health risk and to examine their agreement.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with 76 elderly women in physical exercise groups in Petrolina-PE. The nutritional status was obtained by the calculation of BMI according to WHO and Lipschitz criteria. The analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the variables, followed by Tukey post hoc. The Kappa statistic established the agreement between the BMI criteria, the Spearman coefficient determined the correlation between BMI and abdominal circumference (AC).Results: Elderly patients aged 60-79 years were classified as being overweight by WHO and eutrophic by Lipschitz. Octogenarian demonstrated eutrophy, according to the criterion of Lipschitz, WHO diverged for this group between thinness and eutrophy. There was a weak agreement between both criteria, Kappa (0.232, p = 0.002) and a strong correlation between BMI and CA (r = 0.722, p <0.001).Conclusion: There was a divergence between the WHO and Lipschitz criteria. The WHO proved to be more sensitive to identifying overweight and obesity and Lipschitz's normal weight and malnutrition. The CA measure was more competent to detect health risk, especially in elderly eutrophic women.

Epidemiology of overweight and obesity among Italian early adolescents: relation with physical activity and sedentary behaviour

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Vieno ◽  
Massimo Santinello ◽  
Maria Cristiana Martin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
National Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The University

SUMMARYAims – The prevalence of overweight and obesity and the role of possible related factors were analysed among Italian early adolescents. Method – The survey reported here is part of the larger “Health Behaviour in School Aged Children” (HBSC) trans-national study, which is co-ordinated by the European Office of the World Health Organization. The data were gathered through self-administered questionnaires filled out by a representative sample of 4,386 (48.4% males) Italian students (11-, 13- and 15-year old). Results – The overall prevalence is 16.7% for overweight and 2.5% for obesity. Boys are more at risk than girls for the two phenomena. Moreover, age group, mother's education, area of residence, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour show a significant association with both outcomes. Conclusion – Findings of the present study are in agreement with similar studies carried out on early adolescents population, showing that prevalence in overweight and obesity decreases during this phase and is more diffused among boys than girls. The prevalence of both diseases is higher in the South and Islands. Sedentary behaviour and physical activity are substantive factors which preventive interventions could act on.Declaration of Interest: the HBSC study is partly funded by the University of Padova through a scholarship attributed to Dr. Alessio Vieno (Year 2001 – prot. CPDR013233).

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity: prevalence in children and adolescents in Northern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Edson Dos Santos Farias ◽  
Katia Fernanda Alves Moreira ◽  
Josivana Pontes dos Santos ◽  
Ivanice Fernandes Barcellos Gemelli ◽  
Gean Magalhães da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
The Social ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Porto Velho

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease with a multifactorial etiology, brought about by a set of genetic, environmental and psychological factors. This may generate comorbidities that affect the quality of life and involve other risks to health. Objective: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children and adolescents in Porto Velho - Rondônia, Brazil in the period  2013-2016. Methods: This study included 4165 schoolchildren aged 9 to 18 years. The students were classified as overweight and obese, according to the z score of the body mass index (BMI) for age and calculated according the WHO AnthroPlus program. Subsequently, BMI for age was categorized according to the criteria proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2007): overweight (? score z +1 ? z + 2) and obese (? score z +2). Prevalence calculations were performed using the SPSS version 20.0 program.   Results: Overall, the prevalence of overweight was 27.1%, being overweight 18.8% and obese 8.3%, in private schools 21.4% and 9.8%, public schools 17.0% and 7.2% respectively. The east zone predominated in both education networks 18.8% and 8.3% respectively. In males, the highest prevalence was at nine years old, 30.7% and 23.0%, and female, 24.3% and 13.8%. Conclusion: The magnitude of the prevalence of overweight and obesity was high and worrying among schoolchildren and adolescents in the city of Porto Velho, which demonstrates the need for public health actions aimed at the family unit, regardless of the social segment.

scholarly journals Actividad física realizada por escolares españoles según edad y género (Physical activity carried out by Spanish schoolchildren according to age and gender)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
José Eugenio Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Javier Rico-Díaz ◽  
Pedro Josué Neira-Martín ◽  
Rubén Navarro-Patón
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Health Promotion And Education ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Educación Primaria ◽  
Out Of School

  Estilos de vida poco saludables, asociados a casos de sedentarismo, obesidad y sobrepeso, constituyen un grave problema de salud de la población infantil en España. A pesar de los esfuerzos de organismos como la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) por promover programas de promoción y educación para la salud en los colegios, los índices de sobrepeso y obesidad siguen siendo muy elevados en nuestro país. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el nivel de actividad física en escolares españoles de 5º y 6º de educación primaria. Participaron 1009 estudiantes de 10 y 12 años (Medad = 10.85, DE = 0.79), empleando como instrumento para la recogida de datos el Inventario de Actividad Física Habitual para Escolares (IAFHE). Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto del género y la práctica deportiva fuera del colegio (NPFC) (p < .001), la práctica de actividad física durante el recreo (AFDR) (p < .001) y la práctica de actividades sedentarias (PAS) (p < .001); también, respecto de la edad y la AFDR (p = .001). Los niños practican mayor cantidad de actividad física que las niñas dentro y fuera del colegio, pero, en ambos casos, están por debajo de las recomendaciones de la OMS, debiendo reflexionar sobre los hábitos saludables fomentados desde la educación física escolar.  Abstract. Unhealthy lifestyles, associated with cases of sedentary lifestyle, obesity and overweight, constitute a serious health problem for children in Spain. Despite the efforts of organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), to promote health promotion and education programs in schools, rates of overweight and obesity remain very high in our country. The objective of this study was to determine the level of physical activity in Spanish students of 5th and 6th grade of primary education. A total of 1009 students of 10 and 12 years old (Mage = 10.85, DE = 0.79), responded the Inventory of Habitual Physical Activity for Schoolchildren (IAFHE), used as the instrument for data collection. The results show statistically significant differences by gender and out-of-school sports practice (NPOS) (p < .001), physical activity during recess (PADR) (p < .001) and sedentary activities (PSA) (p < .001); by age and PADR as well (p = .001). Boys practice more physical activity than girls in and out of school, but, in both cases, they are below WHO recommendations, which should arouse a reflection on healthy habits promoted through school physical education.

scholarly journals Cómo fomentar la práctica de ejercicio físico a través de los deberes activos en estudiantes universitarios (How to promote exercise among university students through active homework)

Retos ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 518-526
Author(s):  
Aina Maria Galmés Panadés ◽  
Josep Vidal Conti
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Habits ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Health Organization

En España el sedentarismo y la inactividad física son elevados en población adulta e infantil, lo que puede influir en las elevadas tasas de sobrepeso y obesidad. El objetivo fue valorar la acogida de los alumnos ante una intervención sobre los hábitos de ejercicio físico a través de los deberes activos y obtener información para el diseño del estudio principal. Así como innovar en estrategias educativas en el ámbito universitario para el fomento y la concienciación de los hábitos saludables. Desde la asignatura de educación para la salud, optativa del grado en educación primaria, especialidad de educación física, se propuso abordar la problemática del sedentarismo y la inactividad física a través de los deberes activos. Los alumnos (n=47) debían realizar un registro de ejercicio físico, cumpliendo con las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, de manera semanal, a lo largo de toda la asignatura. Para realizar dicho registro los alumnos podían utilizar, en función de la actividad realizada, aplicaciones móviles, pulsómetros o pulseras de actividad, entre otros. Se utilizó la información del registro de los alumnos, así como el foro virtual de la asignatura para la recogida de información.  Con los resultados obtenidos en el proyecto piloto se ha diseñado la intervención para el estudio principal, en el que se recogerán diversos parámetros relacionados con el estado de salud, la actividad física y el sedentarismo, con mayor tamaño muestral, diferenciando entre grupo control y grupo intervención.  Los deberes activos para la promoción del ejercicio físico han resultado ser un trabajo motivante e innovador, que permite el aprendizaje significativo, positivo para el alumno en el aprendizaje, la salud, y el futuro laboral como maestro. Abstract. Sedentarism, physical inactivity, and unhealthy eating habits are lifestyle factors that could have an influence on health status. In Spain, sedentarism and physical inactivity are high in both adults and children, which could have a role in the elevated rates of overweight and obesity in these populations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an intervention promoting healthy habits to improve students’ global health status by means of the methodology of active homework, as well as to work on self-evaluation as a competence. Moreover, to introduce innovative educational strategies promoting and raising awareness on healthy habits at the university level. From the subject of education for health, an elective course within the bachelor program in primary education, specialty of physical education, we attempt to solve the problem of sedentarism and physical inactivity with active homework. Students (n=47) were asked to create a weekly log of their physical exercise throughout the duration of the course, according to the World Health Organization recommendations. To make this log, students could use apps, heart rate monitors, activity wristbands, etcetera. Students’ log information was combined with that obtained from a virtual forum of the course. We designed the intervention for the principal study based on the results from the pilot project, including the collection of health parameters related with physical activity and sedentarism. The intervention was applied to a larger sample, split into control and intervention groups. The active homework represented a motivational and innovative means to promote physical exercise, giving students the chance to acquire significative learnings, which are positive during the teaching-learning process, as well as better health and professional future.

scholarly journals The importance of dietary balance at COVID-19: the systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairim Ira Silva Brugnoli ◽  
Diogo Augusto de Almeida Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: COVID-19 disease has been heralded as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Dietary therapy and immunity play a decisive role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this sense, the lack of regulation and the excessive immune response to the viral stimulus produces an exacerbated pro-inflammatory cytokines (cytokine storm), reaching the state of hyperinflammation. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the main considerations in the management of dietary therapy in the control or prophylaxis of COVID-19. Methods: Clinical studies with qualitative and/or quantitative analysis were included, following the rules of the systematic review-PRISMA. Results: A total of 370 articles were found involving dietary therapy, immunity, and COVID-19. A total of 107 articles were evaluated in full, and 28 were included and discussed in this study. Underlying systemic inflammation is believed to exacerbate COVID-19 infection. Studies have shown that there is a high risk of mortality in individuals with pre-existing health problems, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. Nutritional status is known to play a significant role in patient outcomes. It is necessary to follow a diet characterized by anti-inflammatory properties to benefit or prevent COVID-19. Adequate supplies of zinc, selenium, and vitamin D are essential for resistance to other viral infections, immune function, and reduced inflammation. There are nutritional triggers to favor immune-strengthening responses, as well as improving the performance of mitosis, meiosis, and all cellular functioning, all of this functioning is directly integrated with the energy balance and nutritional status of the body. Endogenous metabolites and nutrients in the diet can directly influence epigenetic enzymes. Conclusion: It is necessary to control the activities of inflammatory mediators through modifiable risk factors, such as diet, exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices to control or prevent the harmful effects of COVID-19.

scholarly journals The estimate of agreement between the three different classification systems for determining students nutritional status

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Pajkić ◽  
Radenko Dobraš ◽  
Duško Lepir
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Task Force ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Organization

The aim of this paper is to determine the agreement in assessing the nutritional status of adolescents using the classification systems of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Non-experimental observation was performed on a sample of 213 first grade high school students from Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, with an average age of 15.67 years, of which 89 (41.8%) were male and 124 female (58.2%). Each of the subjects was categorized according to a unique scale, as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese, using IOTF, CDC and WHO reference values. The Cohen kappa coefficient (k) was used to estimate the agreement of the three classification systems in determining nutritional status. The prevalence of underweight was found to be highest according to IOTF standards in both sexes, while the prevalence of overweight was highest according to WHO references. The differences between analyzed three systems are not large for the obese category, especially in girls. In boys, CDC references show a slightly higher percentage of obese compared to the other two systems. The agreement between the classification systems ranges from 0.83 to 0.86 on the total sample of respondents based on all nutritional status categories, which can be considered a reliable parameter for further monitoring, comparison and prescribing of measures.

scholarly journals Determinants of Overweight and Obesity Among Adolescent Students in Public Secondary Schools in Kwara State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. J Lateef ◽  
E Njogu ◽  
F. Kiplamai ◽  
U. S Haruna ◽  
R. A Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Health Organization

Adolescents and childhood overweight and obesity have been observed as one of the serious public health challenges of the 21st century by World Health Organization. This study identified the determinants of overweight and obesity among adolescents in public schools in Kwara state, Nigeria. Multistage and stratified sampling techniques were used to randomly select 515 participants which comprised of 343 girls and 172 boys aged (10-19) years in 8 public secondary schools from 32 schools in 2 zonal inspectorate divisions. Data was collected using modified Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). Digital bathroom scale and stadiometer were used to measure weight and height of the participants. (SPSS, Version 20) and WHO Anthroplus were used to analyze the data Overall prevalence of overweight is (4.7%) and obesity (0.2%), while prevalence for male and female overweight (0.6%, 6.7%) and obesity (0%, 0.3%) respectively. Calculated mean BMI for age of the participants was (19.72± 2.62) kg/m2. Overweight and obesity were positive but weakly correlated to food consumption (FC) of participants (r= 0.012), however the relationship was significant (p< 0.001). Furthermore, overweight and obesity were negatively correlated with no significance to the physical activity level of participants (r=-0.105). Participants need to consume more of low calorie foods such as fruits and vegetables and should also engage in more physical activity practices such as aerobics to lower overweight and obesity prevalence.

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