scholarly journals The Value of the We Love Reading Program for Executive Functions In Jordanian Children

10.29007/t1p1 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Dajani ◽  
Alya Al Sager ◽  
Diego Placido ◽  
Dima Amso
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Reading For Pleasure ◽  
The Impact

Early childhood enrichment opportunities have been shown to shape Executive Functions (EFs), which in turn play a critical role in the development of academic skills, including school readiness and future educational achievement and mobility. We partnered with We Love Reading, a Jordan-based organization designed to promote reading for pleasure among children, in order to examine the impact of the WLR read-aloud method on executive functions in children. Children completed a battery of executive functions tasks and parents filled out behavioral and demographic assessments of their children. Over a six month interval with the WLR program, we found that the number of books in the home and the number of children that considered reading as a hobby had increased. Changes in reading in the home from baseline to post-WLR also predicted larger improvements in executive functions, and particularly for younger children and for families who reported lower family income.

scholarly journals Constructing deficit data doppelgängers: The impact of datafication on children with English as an additional language

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Pierlejewski
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
British Culture

In this article, an evaluation of the English early childhood education context reveals children constructed as data. The complex, chaotic and unpredictable nature of the child is reconstituted in numerical form – a form which can be measured, compared and manipulated. Children are reconceptualised as data doppelgängers, ghostly apparitions which emulate the actual embodied child. The focus of early childhood education and care thus moves from child-centred to data-centred education. The author specifically focuses on the impact of this aspect of the performative regime on children who have English as an additional language – an under-researched area in the field. Foucault’s work on governmentality is used as a theoretical lens through which to understand the process of datafication. The author uses a composite child, generated from a number of children from her experience as a teacher, as a starting point for discussion. This reveals children as disadvantaged, as their home languages are no longer used to assess communication skills. Their data doppelgängers are not useful to the teacher as they are unable to demonstrate a Good Level of Development – a key measure of school readiness in English policy. The author argues that in post-Brexit-vote Britain, subtle changes to early childhood education increase disadvantage, promoting white, British culture and thus marginalising those from other cultures.

scholarly journals Promoting EF With Preschool Interventions: Lessons Learned From 15 Years of Conducting Large-Scale Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shira Mattera ◽  
Natalia M. Rojas ◽  
Pamela A. Morris ◽  
Karen Bierman
Keyword(s):  
School Readiness ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Classroom Behaviors ◽  
Direct Training ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The Impact

In the past two decades, a growing number of early childhood interventions that aim to improve school readiness have also targeted children's executive function (EF), building on the theory that promoting EF skills in preschool may play a key role in reducing the substantial gaps in school readiness and later achievement associated with family income. Despite the expansion of school readiness interventions across preschool, research evidence is mixed regarding what works to promote EF development and the impact of these interventions on children's EF skills, and subsequently, their academic and behavioral outcomes. This paper reviews four intervention approaches designed to support school readiness that may also improve children's EF skills by: (a) encouraging adaptive classroom behaviors, (b) improving social-emotional learning, (c) promoting play and direct training of EF skills, and (d) improving cognitive skills related to EF. We describe program effects from rigorous trials testing these approaches, including summarizing the takeaways from four large-scale intervention research studies conducted by the authors, involving over 5,000 children. We conclude by exploring open questions for the field and future directions for research and intervention program development and refinement.

ANALISIS PERMINTAAN KB DI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT (STUDI KASUS RUMAHTANGGA MISKIN)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Febri Canitra ◽  
Melti Roza Adry ◽  
Mike Triani
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to analyze the impact of (1) UKP (2) Couples Education (3) Respondent Education (4) Family Income (5) Number of Children on the use of family planning in West Sumatra Province. The data analysis tool used is logistic regression using Susenas 2017 data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The study population is households that are married at an early age and already have children. The sample used was 507 poor households categorized using family planning and not using family planning. The hypothesis test used was the G test and the Wald test with a significance level of 5%. The results of the Logistic Regression found that UKP, respondent education, and number of children had an influence on family planning requests in West Sumatra Province. Therefore, equity and development in the field of education should be increased even more, so that education becomes more effective so that later higher quality education will build quality communities. In the long run, it will reduce the problems of poverty and population, especially problems in the growth rate of poor people and households.

scholarly journals The Impact of Child Labour on Children’s Educational Achievement in Ganta Afeshum Woreda, Tigray State, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Worku Dibu
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Impact

Child labour is an important aspect of social and economic reality that surrounds us although it is sometimes unnoticed. It is the severe problem of the world in general and the sub-Saharan countries like Ethiopia in particular in which children are considered an asset and means to improve livelihood of their family at the expense of their education. The attempt towards the elimination of child labor in Ethiopia is still lagging compare to the rest world. This in turn is affecting adversely the accumulation of human capital. Thus, the researcher was intended to assess the impact of Child Labour on Children’s Educational Achievement in Ganta Afeshum Woreda and give the possible solution to overcome this problem. To realize this objective, the researcher employed qualitative approach and used in depth interview, FGD, key informant interview, personal observation data collection instruments and employed descriptive research and purposive sampling technique. The researcher analyzed the finding qualitatively through interpretation, description and summarization of the data. As the finding of the study indicates child labour is sever in rural area than urban area and also girls are more exposed for child labour than boys, children are involved in domestic and non-domestic productive activities. The attitude of communities toward child labour is also positive; they consider children as valuable asset for contributing family income. The views of households on working children arise commonly from their poor knowledge about the issue and is directed by traditional outlooks of uprooting ‘milk teeth’, that is seen as a shift from childhood to adulthood. As the finding indicates, Child labour has an impact on children’s educational achievement by making them: repeated the class, absenteeism from class, drop out, make very tired, shortage of times for study and reducing the chance to access education, beside this, as the finding indicate attitude of the communities, employers, poverty coupled with limited access to credit, health and family size as well as the abusive practices are the challenges that hamper eliminating of child labour. Finally, as the finding indicate the local administrator strategy of employing one sector, one children and work with NGOs, private sector and public sectors play significant role via improving the future childhood of children.

scholarly journals OMANI PARENTS’ BELIEFS ABOUT THEIR COMPETNCE IN DEALING WITH THEIR ADOLESCENT CHILDREN’S BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Fayez A. Simadi
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the effect of some demographic variables such as educational achievement, income, residence, profession and gender on parents’ beliefs about their competence to deal with their adolescent children’s behavioral problems. The adolescent behavioral problems investigated in this study include failure in school, alcoholism and addiction to drugs. A group of 350 parents of adolescent children was randomly selected from several districts in the Governorate of Muscat in the Sultanate of Oman. The researcher developed a questionnaire to measure the impact of these variables on certain behavioral problems specifically identified for the study. ANOVA was used to examine the role of socio-demographic variables in explaining parents’ beliefs about their competence to prevent such problems. Results reveal a positive impact for the variables: educational achievement, occupation, family income, gender, and place of residence. To investigate the effects of these sociodemographic factors on each of the dimensions of competence, MANOVA was used. Results show that there is a direct relationship between the variable of level of income and children’s failure in school, and that the variable of gender and the problem of alcoholism and drug addiction are related. Finally, the variable of place of residence is related to the problems of alcoholism, addiction to drugs and school failure. These results were discussed in light of findings of similar previous studies and within the framework of the Omani social lifestyles. 

The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽  
Mahalakshmi Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

Belgium: Creeping Vulnerability of Children

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Vinck ◽  
Wim Van Lancker
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Poverty Risk ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
The Impact

Belgium has been plagued by comparatively high levels of child poverty, and by a creeping, yet significant, increase that started in the good years before the crisis. This is related to the relatively high share of jobless households, the extremely high and increasing poverty risk of children growing up in these households, and benefits that are inadequate to shield jobless families with children from poverty. Although the impact of the Great Recession was limited in Belgium, the crisis seems to have had an impact on child poverty, by increasing the number of children living in work-poor households. Although the Belgian welfare state had an important cushioning impact, its poverty-reducing capacity was less strong than it used to be. The most important lesson from the crisis is that in order to make further headway in reducing child poverty, not only activation but also social protection should be improved.

scholarly journals The lung–gut axis during viral respiratory infections: the impact of gut dysbiosis on secondary disease outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Sencio ◽  
Marina Gomes Machado ◽  
François Trottein
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Viral Respiratory

AbstractBacteria that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract are essential for good health. The gut microbiota has a critical role in pulmonary immunity and host’s defense against viral respiratory infections. The gut microbiota’s composition and function can be profoundly affected in many disease settings, including acute infections, and these changes can aggravate the severity of the disease. Here, we discuss mechanisms by which the gut microbiota arms the lung to control viral respiratory infections. We summarize the impact of viral respiratory infections on the gut microbiota and discuss the potential mechanisms leading to alterations of gut microbiota’s composition and functions. We also discuss the effects of gut microbial imbalance on disease outcomes, including gastrointestinal disorders and secondary bacterial infections. Lastly, we discuss the potential role of the lung–gut axis in coronavirus disease 2019.

scholarly journals Methionine Diet Evoked Hyperhomocysteinemia Causes Hippocampal Alterations, Metabolomics Plasma Changes and Behavioral Pattern in Wild Type Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4961
Author(s):  
Maria Kovalska ◽  
Eva Baranovicova ◽  
Dagmar Kalenska ◽  
Anna Tomascova ◽  
Marian Adamkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hippocampal Alterations ◽  
The Impact

L-methionine, an essential amino acid, plays a critical role in cell physiology. High intake and/or dysregulation in methionine (Met) metabolism results in accumulation of its intermediate(s) or breakdown products in plasma, including homocysteine (Hcy). High level of Hcy in plasma, hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy), is considered to be an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, stroke and dementias. To evoke a mild hHcy in adult male Wistar rats we used an enriched Met diet at a dose of 2 g/kg of animal weight/day in duration of 4 weeks. The study contributes to the exploration of the impact of Met enriched diet inducing mild hHcy on nervous tissue by detecting the histo-morphological, metabolomic and behavioural alterations. We found an altered plasma metabolomic profile, modified spatial and learning memory acquisition as well as remarkable histo-morphological changes such as a decrease in neurons’ vitality, alterations in the morphology of neurons in the selective vulnerable hippocampal CA 1 area of animals treated with Met enriched diet. Results of these approaches suggest that the mild hHcy alters plasma metabolome and behavioural and histo-morphological patterns in rats, likely due to the potential Met induced changes in “methylation index” of hippocampal brain area, which eventually aggravates the noxious effect of high methionine intake.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document