scholarly journals Co-simulation of the virtual vehicle in virtual traffic considering tactical driver decisions

10.29007/qzg2 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Kaths ◽  
Benedikt Schott ◽  
Frederic Chucholowski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Virtual Test ◽  
Test Driver ◽  
Virtual Vehicle ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Operational Decision Making ◽  
Left Lane

Recent developments such as increasing automation and connectivity of vehicles as well as new regulations for real driving emissions lead to a stronger consideration of traffic and traffic control in automotive development. The increasing complexity of vehicular systems requires a highly virtualized development process. Therefore, a co- simulation solution of DYNA4’s virtual vehicle with SUMO’s microscopic traffic is presented here. Despite increasing automation, virtual test drives often still require a virtual test driver. Thus, the co-simulation solution is extended by combining the driver models of both tools. The operational decision making level of DYNA4 is extended by SUMO’s tactical driver decisions, aiming at virtual test drives in complex surrounding traffic with realistic reaction on traffic and traffic control and reduced parametrization effort. By comparing two variants it is shown that a higher reference speed and more aggressive lane change parameters lead to an increase of usage of the left lane and an increase in achieved speeds.

scholarly journals Theoretical Aspects of Erroneous Actions During the Process of Decision Making by Air Traffic Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silva Andersone ◽  
Lauris Miķelsons ◽  
Ibrahim Arandas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operational Decision Making

Abstract The Theoretical Aspects of Erroneous Actions During the Process of Decision Making by Air Traffic Control evaluates the factors affecting the operational decision-making of a human air traffic controller, interacting in a dynamic environment with the flight crew, surrounding aircraft traffic and environmental conditions of the airspace. This article reviews the challenges of air traffic control in different conditions, ranging from normal and complex to emergency and catastrophic. Workload factors and operating conditions make an impact on air traffic controllers’ decision-making. The proposed model compares various operating conditions within an assumed air traffic control environment subsequently comparing them against a theoretically “perfect” air traffic control system. A mathematical model of flight safety assessment has been proposed for the quantitative assessment of various hazards arising during the process of Air Traffic Control. The model assumes events of various severity and probability ranging from high frequency and low severity up to less likely and catastrophic ones. Certain limitations of the model have been recognised and further improvements for effective hazard evaluation have been suggested.

scholarly journals Trajectory Planning of Autonomous Vehicle in Freeway Driving

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-286
Author(s):  
Hashem Ghariblu ◽  
Hossein B. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Trajectory Planning ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Degree Polynomial ◽  
Car Following ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Left Lane

Abstract This paper describes trajectory planning for an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) in the freeway path. Three types of driving modes are analyzed. First was free flow, this constitutes that moving at the desired speed is determined at the beginning of the movement. Second case was car following, when overtaking or lane-change was impossible, distance or speed adaptation is executed using the variable acceleration/deceleration strategy. Third case was lane change or overtaking. For lane change or overtaking paths, the 5th degree polynomial is used to create a curvilinear path to changes its path to the left lane and then returns to its default lane. The velocity and relative distances of cars are main factors for decision making. All proper driving decisions algorithm is introduced. According to autonomous car desired velocity, in the two driving cases (fast and slow desired velocity for AV) are studied by simulation and their results analyzed and compared with together.

MONITORING THE ATTITUDE OF THE POPULATION TO PROBLEMS OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT FOR SITUATION-AL CENTERS OF A SMART CITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
D. Verzilin ◽  
T. Maximova ◽  
I. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Online Activity ◽  
Operational Decision Making ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Intelligent Information ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Active Citizen

Goal. The purpose of the study was to search for alternative sources of information on popu-lation’s preferences and response to problems and changes in the urban environment for use in the operational decision-making at situational centers. Materials and methods. The authors used data from search queries with keywords, data on communities in social networks, data from subject forums, and official statistics. Methods of statistical data analysis were applied. Results. The analysis of thematic online activity of the population was performed. The re-sults reflected the interest in the state of the environment, the possibility of distance learning and work, are presented. It was reasoned that measurements of population’s thematic online activity let identify needs and analyze the real-time response to changes in the urban envi-ronment. Such an approach to identifying the needs of the population can be used in addition to the platforms “Active Citizen” of the Smart City project. Conclusions. An analysis of data on online activity of the population for decision-making at situational centers is more operational, flexible and representative, as compared with the use of tools of those platforms. Such an analysis can be used as an alternative to sociological surveys, as it saves time and money. When making management decisions using intelligent information services, it is necessary to take into account the needs of the population, reflect-ed in its socio-economic activity in cyberspace.

Evaluations for New Healthcare Environment Commissioning and Operational Decision Making Using Simulation and Human Factors: A Case Study of an Interventional Trauma Operating Room

2021 ◽  
pp. 193758672199966
Author(s):  
Mirette Dubé ◽  
Jason Laberge ◽  
Elaine Sigalet ◽  
Jonas Shultz ◽  
Christine Vis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
New Process ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Operational Decision Making

Purpose: The aim of this article is to provide a case study example of the preopening phase of an interventional trauma operating room (ITOR) using systems-focused simulation and human factor evaluations for healthcare environment commissioning. Background: Systems-focused simulation, underpinned by human factors science, is increasingly being used as a quality improvement tool to test and evaluate healthcare spaces with the stakeholders that use them. Purposeful real-to-life simulated events are rehearsed to allow healthcare teams opportunity to identify what is working well and what needs improvement within the work system such as tasks, environments, and processes that support the delivery of healthcare services. This project highlights salient evaluation objectives and methods used within the clinical commissioning phase of one of the first ITORs in Canada. Methods: A multistaged evaluation project to support clinical commissioning was facilitated engaging 24 stakeholder groups. Key evaluation objectives highlighted include the evaluation of two transport routes, switching of operating room (OR) tabletops, the use of the C-arm, and timely access to lead in the OR. Multiple evaluation methods were used including observation, debriefing, time-based metrics, distance wheel metrics, equipment adjustment counts, and other transport route considerations. Results: The evaluation resulted in several types of data that allowed for informed decision making for the most effective, efficient, and safest transport route for an exsanguinating trauma patient and healthcare team; improved efficiencies in use of the C-arm, significantly reduced the time to access lead; and uncovered a new process for switching OR tabletop due to safety threats identified.

scholarly journals Governance challenges of mobility platforms: the case of Merwede, Utrecht

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn van den Hurk ◽  
Peter Pelzer ◽  
Rianne Riemens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Competing Interests ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Instructive Case ◽  
Empirical Illustration

Abstract Background Merwede is an envisioned neighbourhood in Utrecht (the Netherlands) that provides an instructive case to learn about the governance challenges of digital mobility platforms. Unique about Merwede is how the development of a mobility platform is envisioned to be integrated into the development of a new neighbourhood. Methodology This article discusses the case of Merwede and provides insights into its proposed mobility platform and how it is made. It illuminates governance challenges relevant to the design and operation of an unconventional mobility concept by disentangling outstanding practical issues concerning three key governance dimensions—organizational structures, decision-making processes, and instruments. Results The research provides an empirical illustration of governance questions that come up when mobility becomes a service and is integrated into the urban fabric from the very beginning of a development process. Already in the plan development stage, Merwede illustrates that difficult decisions are to be made and competing interests come to the fore.

Redisign of the Air Traffic Control System-Moving People through Distributed Management

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 485-485
Author(s):  
John G. Kreifeldt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control System ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Congressional Hearings ◽  
The Future ◽  
Traffic Control System

The present national Air Traffic Control system is a ground-centralized, man intensive system which through design allows relatively little meaningful pilot participation in decision making. The negative impact of this existing design can be measured in delays, dollars and lives. The FAA's design plans for the future ATC system will result in an even more intensive ground-centralized system with even further reduction of pilot decision making participation. In addition, controllers will also be removed from on-line decision making through anticipated automation of some or all of this critical function. Recent congressional hearings indicate that neither pilots nor controllers are happy or sanguine regarding the FAA's design for the future ATC system.

scholarly journals A Game Theory-Based Approach for Modeling Autonomous Vehicle Behavior in Congested, Urban Lane-Changing Scenarios

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1523
Author(s):  
Nikita Smirnov ◽  
Yuzhou Liu ◽  
Aso Validi ◽  
Walter Morales-Alvarez ◽  
Cristina Olaverri-Monreal
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Road User ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
User Interactions ◽  
Lane Changing

Autonomous vehicles are expected to display human-like behavior, at least to the extent that their decisions can be intuitively understood by other road users. If this is not the case, the coexistence of manual and autonomous vehicles in a mixed environment might affect road user interactions negatively and might jeopardize road safety. To this end, it is highly important to design algorithms that are capable of analyzing human decision-making processes and of reproducing them. In this context, lane-change maneuvers have been studied extensively. However, not all potential scenarios have been considered, since most works have focused on highway rather than urban scenarios. We contribute to the field of research by investigating a particular urban traffic scenario in which an autonomous vehicle needs to determine the level of cooperation of the vehicles in the adjacent lane in order to proceed with a lane change. To this end, we present a game theory-based decision-making model for lane changing in congested urban intersections. The model takes as input driving-related parameters related to vehicles in the intersection before they come to a complete stop. We validated the model by relying on the Co-AutoSim simulator. We compared the prediction model outcomes with actual participant decisions, i.e., whether they allowed the autonomous vehicle to drive in front of them. The results are promising, with the prediction accuracy being 100% in all of the cases in which the participants allowed the lane change and 83.3% in the other cases. The false predictions were due to delays in resuming driving after the traffic light turned green.

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