scholarly journals Hardness Optimization of Heat Treatment Process of Bucket Teeth Excavator

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumar Hadi Suryo ◽  
Susilo Adi Widyanto ◽  
Paryanto Paryanto ◽  
Aly Syariati Mansuri
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Mild Carbon Steel ◽  
Quenching Media ◽  
Heavy Equipment

Excavator is heavy equipment that usually used in construction and mining works. Bucket teeth which are located in the tip of bucket excavator are used for digging works. They are easily damaged by direct contact with the media. One of the material used in bucket teeth excavator is mild carbon steel that has carbon content between 0.33%-0.5%. However, the hardness value of this material is not yet meets the standard of bucket teeth excavator so the optimum hardness value based on its heat treatment should be known. Besides that, its tensile, impact strength, and micro structure in optimum condition will also know. Optimization method was done through Taguchi experimental design with L9 orthogonal and ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Factors or parameters in this research were heating temperature, holding time, quenching media, and tempering temperature. In this experiment, nine specimens of mild carbon steel were tested by different heating temperatures (850oC, 875oC, 900oC), different holding times (60, 90, and 120 minutes), different quenching medias (oil, water, and salt water), and different tempering temperatures (250oC, 450oC, 650oC). Calculation of Taguchi method and confirmation experiment showed that the optimum parameters of hardness are 875oC heating temperature, 60 minutes holding time, water quenching media, and 250oC tempering temperature. Meanwhile, ANOVA test showed a result that the four factors had an effect on the bucket teeth excavator hardness.

Thermal Oxidation of NiAl-Al2O3 Coated on Mild Carbon Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 437-441
Author(s):  
Raden Dadan Ramdan ◽  
Budi Prawara ◽  
Rochim Suratman
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Service Temperature ◽  
Mild Carbon Steel ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Al2o3 Phase

Thermal oxidation is believed as an important phenomenon that naturally occurs on material subjected to elevated temperature such as NiAl-Al2O3 coated material. In the present study, thermal oxidation on this coated layer was prepared by heating processes of NiAl-Al2O3 coated on mild carbon steel. Deposition of NiAl-Al2O3 was performed by high-velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) process, whereas subsequent heating processes were performed at 3 different temperatures 600oC, 800oC and 1000oC. After the process, the effects of this thermal oxidation process on the phases formation, microstructure and qualitative toughness of thermally sprayed NiAl-Al2O3 coating were investigated. The results showed that significant amount of NiAl-Al2O3 phase was transformed into NiO phase by heating process at temperature higher than 800°C. In addition, decreasing of thickness of the coating layer was also found as the service temperature increases from 800 to 1000oC. Increasing of hardness was also observed as the heating temperature increases, which is predicted due to the formation of excessive oxide on the coating layer that in turn might impart the toughness of this layer. These conditions suggested that a careful determination of service temperature have to be taken in order to avoid excessive oxidation of the coating layer.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Media Arang Kayu Bakau Mangrove Dan Arang Kayu Asam Pada Proses Perlakuan Carburizing Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Baja Karbon ST-37

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Rico Arifandi ◽  
Gerald Adityo Pohan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Wood Charcoal ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
The Impact

In the military field, tank is armored fighting vehicles that move using chain-shaped wheels. The tread of the tank chain is a component to tread and move so that it requires tougher properties on the surface and has ductile and tough properties on the inside and is more resistant to wear on the surface. The development of tank chain production materials is necessary for the independence of national defense and security as well as reducing dependence on imports. Imported tank chain hardness value 28 HRC or 286 HV. In this research, the objective of this research is to increase the surface hardness of the steel by carburizing the initial material, especially the low carbon steel ST-37. The carburizing treatment process is a method of adding carbon content in steel using solid media. The carbon media used were mangrove charcoal and tamarind wood charcoal using calcium carbonate (CaCO3) catalyst at a constant heating temperature of 900ºC, variations in holding time of 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes, cooled rapidly with water media. Then performed an analysis of the effect of the type of wood charcoal on the mechanical properties of carbon steel ST-37. The results obtained will be applied to the tank chain tread production process. The results of the micro structure of martensite and the highest hardness value were found in the holding time of 60 minutes of mangrove charcoal media with the microstructure results of 63.8% martensite, 36.2% bainite and a hardness value of 453.1 HV. The highest toughness value is found in the holding time of 60 minutes of tamarind wood charcoal media with an impact price (HI) of 0.4345 J/mm2. The difference between the impact test results of tamarind charcoal media with mangroves is not too significant. The higher the martensite phase, the higher the hardness value. However, there is also a bainite phase which can increase the toughness of the steel which will be used as a tread chain production material.

Control Factors on the Heat Treatment Process Applied to A537 Steel for Increasing Hardness Using Hardening and Tempering

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Nelu CAZACU ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Taguchi Methods ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment Regime

The paper is based on laboratory experiments of heat treatments applied to samples of A537/A537M steel. The work continues other previous works aimed at modifying structures and properties of this steel, including through surface treatments. The experiments were performed using Taguchi methods from Quality Engineering. A number of four factors were selected as influencing the structure after heat treatment: heating temperature for hardening, cooling rate on hardening, time and tempering temperature. A number of nine experiments were performed using an L9 orthogonal matrix. Objective function was changed to maximum hardness after the heat treatment regime. The results show that the tempering temperature has the greatest influence on the final hardness of the A537 steel samples.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEKERASAN, STRUKTUR MIKRO MATERIAL RING PISTON 5MX-E160-10 DENGAN PROSES HEAT TREATMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Widodo ◽  
Kun Suharno ◽  
Hasyim Tri Gustomo ◽  
Fuad Hilmy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Quenching Media ◽  
Hardness Values

Now, many of piston ring parts have been on the market. The products are often encountered are the 5MX-E160-10 series piston ring and the SLW-E1603-20 series piston ring which have different qualities. In this study, the hardness of the two piston ring products was analyzed by heat treatment. The heat holding time was varied 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 45 minutes at 8000C and the quenching media of SAE 40 oil. The results of the hardness of the 5MX-E160-10 series raw material were 105.97 HRB and the highest hardness value after treatment decreased 34.02% were 71.95 HRB. While the hardness value of the SLW-E160-20 series raw material were 90.26 HRB and after the heat treatment has decreased by 19%, were 71.26 HRB. The best microstructure test results were found at the 30 minute holding time series 5MX-E160-10 with a temperature of 8000C and the quenching media of SAE 40 oil. In addition, the results showed that the longer holding time in the SLW-E1603-20 series resulted in decreased hardness values.

scholarly journals Effect of Deformation on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel During Heat Treatment Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Peng ◽  
Caiyi Liu ◽  
Ningning Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Lath Martensite ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Experimental Steel ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength And Plasticity

AbstractThe current research of the Q-P and Q-P-T process has been focused on controlling the heating temperature and holding time, or adding alloy elements into the steel to induce precipitation strengthening and improve the strength and plasticity of the steel. In this article, based on a quenching-partitioning-tempering (Q-P-T) process combined with a hot deformation technology, a deforming-quenching-partitioning-tempering (D-Q-P-T) process was applied to medium carbon steel. The effect of the heat treatment parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of experimental steel under deformation was studied. Through use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and tensile tests, the optimal heat treatment conditions for realizing high strength and plasticity that meet the safety requirements were obtained. The mechanism for the D-Q-P-T process to improve the strength and plasticity of experimental steel was discussed. A multiphase composite structure of lath martensite and retained austenite was obtained. Compared with the Q-P-T process, use of the D-Q-P-T process can increase the strength of steel by 57.77 MPa and the elongation by 5%. This study proposes a method to improve the strength and plasticity of steel.

scholarly journals NILAI KEKERASAN PASCA QUENCHING MEDIA CLAY PADA LAPISAN LAS DI ATAS MILD STEEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Sopiyan ◽  
Syamsuir
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Quenching Media

ABSTRAK Proses hardfacing menggunakan jenis SMAW, dengan polaritas DC+, arus yang digunakan 130A, elektroda HV 350. Setelah spesimen di las (satu lapis), kemudian langsung dicelup ke dalam air. Setelah mendingin, spesimen grinding, amplas kemudian dilakukan heat treatment 1000 oC holding time 10 menit dan quenching dengan media clay. Spesimen yang telah di quenching sebelumnya dipoles dan etsa dengan nital lalu dilakukan pengujian kekerasan dan mikrostruktrur. Nilai kekerasan yang didapatkan dari sebelum dan sesudah quenching dengan media clay adalah sebesar 250 dan 296,93 HV   Kata kunci: Hardfacing, SMAW, Clay, Struktur Mikro dan Kekerasan

scholarly journals Investigation of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
R. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Quenching Media ◽  
Heat Treated

The effect of various heat treatment operations (annealing, normalizing and hardening) on mechanical properties of medium carbon steel was investigated. The samples were prepared and heat-treated at 770 ºC subsequently was cooled by different quenching media. The mechanical properties of the treated and untreated samples were determined using standard methods. Results showed that the mechanical properties of carbon steel can be changed and improved by various heat treatments. It was also found that the annealed samples has the lowest tensile strength and hardness value and highest ductility, while hardened samples has the highest tensile strength and hardness value and lowest ductility value.

scholarly journals Improvement of toughness and hardness in BR1500HS steel by ultrafine martensite

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Li-Yong Wang ◽  
Le Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Cyclic Heat Treatment ◽  
Cyclic Heat ◽  
Lath Width ◽  
Thermal Dilation

AbstractTo obtain the ultrafine martensite for BR1500HS ultra-high-strength steel, a new preparation process of cyclic heat treatment (CHT) with descending heat temperature and holding time along with cycle steps was developed. First, a series of thermal dilation tests were conducted with the temperature range of 420–730°C and the heat rate of 5 K/s on a Gleeble-3800 thermomechanical physical simulator. According to the experimental data, the temperature ranges and the optimal holding time to completely austenitize BR1500HS were determined. Then, to confirm the optimal parameters of CHT for BR1500HS, several tests with various temperatures and cycle steps were conducted and analyzed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. Subsequently, the CHTs with decreasing heating temperature and holding time were studied due to the increasing internal energy of steel along with the CHT process. The lath width was measured as a criterion to evaluate the refinement degree in this article. After several loops of heat treatment, the lath width is reduced to 0.268 µm. Finally, the hardness evolution of the specimens subjected to CHT in this study was analyzed and compared with the lath width test results, which justified the effectiveness of the new developed process.

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