scholarly journals Characteristics of dose-response dependence between zeatin and resistance of wheat plants to the pathogenic fungus Stagonospora nodorum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Veselova ◽  
T. V. Nuzhnaya ◽  
G. F. Burkhanova ◽  
S. D. Rumyantsev
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Response Dependence

The effect of three concentrations of trans-zeatin on the indices of wheat plant resistance to S. nodorum was studied. Two concentrations of trans-zeatin showed a maximum increase in the resistance of wheat plants to S. nodorum.

Specificity of the interaction of TSN1-SnTOXA and SNN1-SnTOX1 genes in the Triticum aestivum - Stagonospora nodorum pathosystem

Biomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
T.V. Nuzhnaya ◽  
S.V. Veselova ◽  
G.F. Burkhanova ◽  
S.D. Rumyantsev ◽  
I.V. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Susceptibility Genes ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Septoria Nodorum Blotch

The virulence of the causal agent of Septoria nodorum blotch of wheat pathogenic fungus Stagonospora nodorum Berk. is caused by the presence of necrotrophic effectors (SnTox). Isolates infect wheat varieties that carry susceptibility genes (Snn) corresponding to toxins in the genome. SnTox-Snn interactions are mirror images of classical gene-for-gene interactions and lead to the development of disease. In the present work, we have studied SnTox-Tsn1 and SnTox1-Snn1 interactions resulting in development of necrosis and chlorosis in wheat plant tissues with the formation of extensive lesions. It is assumed that the multiplicity of SnTox-Snn reactions can be carried out through the regulation of transcription of plant susceptibility genes. The aim of the work was to study the transcriptional activity of the Tsn1 and Snn1 susceptibility genes in wheat varieties with varying degrees of resistance to S. nodorum. Alleles of the Tsn1 and Snn1 susceptibility genes were identified by PCR in 12 varieties of winter and spring wheat. Seedling resistance was determined for all samples by the lawns method. Then five varieties were selected for further study. The resistance of the Omskaya 35 variety, which carries a single dominant Snn1 allele, was determined by the suppression of transcription of the Snn1 gene by almost 2 times. The resistance of the Yubileynaya 100 variety, which carries two dominant alleles Tsn1/Snn1, was determined by suppression of transcription of the Tsn1 gene by 8 times. The resistance of the Esaul and Yermak varieties, as well as the susceptibility of the Zhnitsa variety, were determined not only by the transcriptional activity of the Tsn1 gene, but possibly by other factors. A statistically significant positive correlation of 0.97 was found between the transcription level of the Tsn1 gene and the resistance of the variety.

Influence of ethylene and reactive oxygen species on the growth of the pathogen Stagonospora nodorum Berk. in wheat plant tissue

Biomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Veselova ◽  
G.F. Burkhanova ◽  
T.V. Nuzhnaya ◽  
S.D. Rumyantsev ◽  
I.V. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Oxygen Species

GAFCHROMIC® EBT photospectral dose response dependence on temperature and implications for flat bed scanning

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 5044-5051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Buchauer ◽  
Elmar Hillbrand ◽  
Alexander de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Response Dependence

Immunoadjuvants enhance the febrile responses of rats to endogenous pyrogen

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1734-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Stitt ◽  
S. G. Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Muramyl Dipeptide ◽  
Reticuloendothelial System ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Endogenous Pyrogen ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Fever Response

The febrile responses of male Sprague-Dawley rats to a semipurified endogenous pyrogen produced from human monocytes were characterized by establishing fever dose-response curves. The animals were then injected intravenously with a number of substances that possessed the common properties of stimulating the phagocytic activity of the cells of the reticuloendothelial system and of acting as immunoadjuvants. The substances used were zymosan, lipopolysaccharide endotoxin, and muramyl dipeptide. Three days after any of these immunoadjuvants were injected, the fever sensitivity of the rats was remeasured. In each case, the slope of the fever dose-response curve tripled, and in some instances the response threshold for fever response was reduced by factors of three to eight. Furthermore, the maximum increase in body temperature produced by the endogenous pyrogen was more than doubled after immunoadjuvant treatment. By contrast latex beads, which are also phagocytized by the cells of the reticuloendothelial system but do not subsequently increase their phagocytic index nor do they enhance immune responses, had no effect on the fever sensitivity of rats in response to endogenous pyrogen. In the light of these findings, it is suggested that the febrile responses of rats to endogenous pyrogen are mediated in some manner by cells that possess some of the properties of reticuloendothelial cells. The location of these putative cells must be close to the circulation, because the immunoadjuvants used in this study were, for the most part, large molecular weight molecules that could not cross the blood-brain barrier easily.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of lipopeptides from endophytic strains of the genus Bacillus sp. against the fungus Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Sarvarova ◽  
E. A. Cherepanova ◽  
I. V. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Antibiotic Effect

The direct antibiotic effect of lipopeptides from four endophytic strains on the germination of spores of the pathogenic fungus Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.) was found and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these lipopeptides was determined.

scholarly journals Interaction between the Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) and Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum) on Wheat

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Belachew Asalf ◽  
Andrea Ficke ◽  
Ingeborg Klingen
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Septoria Nodorum Blotch ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Parastagonospora Nodorum ◽  
New Strategies

Wheat plants are under constant attack by multiple pests and diseases. Until now, there are no studies on the interaction between the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and the plant pathogenic fungus Parastagonospora nodorum causal agent of septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) on wheat. Controlled experiments were conducted to determine: (i) The preference and reproduction of aphids on P. nodorum inoculated and non-inoculated wheat plants and (ii) the effect of prior aphid infestation of wheat plants on SNB development. The preference and reproduction of aphids was determined by releasing female aphids on P. nodorum inoculated (SNB+) and non-inoculated (SNB−) wheat leaves. The effect of prior aphid infestation of wheat plants on SNB development was determined by inoculating P. nodorum on aphid-infested (Aphid+) and aphid free (Aphid−) wheat plants. Higher numbers of aphids moved to and settled on the healthy (SNB−) leaves than inoculated (SNB+) leaves, and reproduction was significantly higher on SNB− leaves than on SNB+ leaves. Aphid infestation of wheat plants predisposed the plants to P. nodorum infection and colonization. These results are important to understand the interactions between multiple pests in wheat and hence how to develop new strategies in future integrated pest management (IPM).

scholarly journals Compatible solutes and fungal development

2006 ◽  
Vol 399 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Dijksterhuis ◽  
Ronald P. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Biochemical Journal

Compatible solutes are components that can be quickly accumulated and degraded inside fungal cells. They do not disturb the functioning of proteins and protect the cell under adverse conditions. In this issue of the Biochemical Journal, Solomon and co-workers evaluate the role of mannitol, one of these components, in Stagonospora nodorum, a plant-pathogenic fungus, and find surprising effects on the development of spores and spore-forming structures.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci for Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stagonospora nodorum in Wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 886-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shankar ◽  
E. Walker ◽  
H. Golzar ◽  
R. Loughman ◽  
R. E. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Qtl Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Stagonospora Nodorum ◽  
Adult Plant

Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) caused by Stagonospora nodorum is a severe disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in many areas of the world. S. nodorum affects both seedling and adult plants causing necrosis of leaf and glume tissue, inhibiting photosynthetic capabilities, and reducing grain yield. The aims of this study were to evaluate disease response of 280 doubled haploid (DH) individuals derived from a cross between resistant (6HRWSN125) and susceptible (WAWHT2074) genotypes, compare quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seedling and adult plant resistance in two consecutive years, and assess the contribution of QTL on grain weight. Flag leaves and glumes of individuals from the DH population were inoculated with mixed isolates of S. nodorum at similar maturity time to provide accurate disease evaluation independent of morphological traits and identify true resistance for QTL analysis. Fungicide protected and inoculated plots were used to measure relative grain weight (RGW) as a yield-related trait under pathogen infection. The lack of similar QTL and little or no correlation in disease scores indicate different genes control seedling and adult plant disease and independent genes control flag leaf and glume resistance. This study consistently identified a QTL on chromosome 2DL for flag leaf resistance (QSnl.daw-2D) and 4BL for glume resistance (QSng.daw-4B) from the resistant parent, 6HRWSN125, explaining 4 to 19% of the phenotypic variation at each locus. A total of 5 QTL for RGW were consistently detected, where two were in the same marker interval for QSnl.daw-2D and QSng.daw-4B indicating the contribution of these QTL to yield related traits. Therefore, RGW measurement in QTL analysis could be used as a reliable indicator of grain yield affected by S. nodorum infection.

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