Upgrading the Seismic Safety of the Chritzi Bridge, Switzerland

2010 ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Predrag Stefanovic
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
The Cost

<p>In the following text, a method of seismic safety improvement of bridges is proposed. It takes into account following requirements: structural security, serviceability, durability, and resistance towards earthquakes under conditions of the cost and value optimization.</p>

Economics of seismic safety for earthquake-prone Himalayan province of Uttarakhand in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyoosh Rautela ◽  
Girish Chandra Joshi ◽  
Shailesh Ghildiyal
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corrective Measures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Seismic Resilience

Purpose The purpose of this study is to estimate the cost of seismic resilience of identified vulnerable lifeline public buildings in earthquake-prone Himalayan province of Uttarakhand in India. Design/methodology/approach Built area of the identified vulnerable lifeline buildings together with prevalent rate of construction has been considered for assessing the cost of seismic resilience while improvised rapid visual screening (RVS) technique, better suited to the built environment in the region, has been used for assessing seismic vulnerability. Findings Investment of US$250.08m is assessed as being required for ensuring seismic safety of 56.3, 62.1, 52.9, 64.6, 71.9 and 61.7% surveyed buildings, respectively, of fire and emergency services, police, health, education, local administration and other departments that are to become non-functional after an earthquake and result in a major socio-political turmoil. A total amount of US$467.71m is estimated as being required for making all the buildings of these departments seismically resilient. Research limitations/implications Actual investment estimates and reconstruction/retrofitting plans have to be prepared after detailed investigations as RVS technique only provides a preliminary estimate and helps in prioritising buildings for detailed investigations. Practical implications This study is intended to provide a snapshot of the state of seismic vulnerability together with the financial resources required for corrective measures. This is to help the authorities in planning phased mobilisation of financial and technical resources for making the built environment seismically resilient. Social implications This study is to bring forth awareness on this important issue and consequent public opinion in favour of safety of public facilities to ensure allocation of appropriate financial resources together with changes in techno-legal regime for the cause of earthquake safety. At the same time, this study is to motivate masses to voluntarily assess safety of their neighbourhood and undertake corrective measures. Originality/value This study is based on primary data collected by the authors.

J1010202 Study on Seismic Safety Improvement for Hanging Mechanical Structure in Long Duration Seismic Input

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (0) ◽  
pp. _J1010202--_J1010202-
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro YOSHIDA ◽  
Osamu FURUYA ◽  
Sho ASAOKA ◽  
Keiji OGATA ◽  
Nobuhiro NIIYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
Seismic Input ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Long Duration

Study on Seismic Safety Improvement of Hanging Type Mechanical Structure in Industrial Facilities During Long Duration Earthquake

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Furuya ◽  
Kazuhiro Yoshida ◽  
Sho Asaoka ◽  
Keiji Ogata ◽  
Nobuhiro Niiyama
Keyword(s):  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Safety Improvement

A lot of seismic damages of hanging type mechanical structure in industrial facilities were occurred in Great East Japan Earthquake, and the industrial functions stopped at many facilities. Moreover, fallen damage of mechanical structures from a hanging in architectural structure and the falling off of some elements in mechanical structures caused a secondary damage such as severed evacuation route. This study has been carried out to upgrade the seismic safety improvement of hanging type mechanical structure in several industrial and plant facilities from analytical and experimental approaches. In this paper, the experimental result in shaking table test is shown to investigate fallen mechanism of hanging type mechanical structure, and analytical results using nonlinear model with hysteresis damping is described. Furthermore, the evaluation of damage mechanism based on low cycle fatigue damage is conducted.

Seismic safety improvement of damage-controlled reinforced concrete frames

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young S. Chung ◽  
H. Hatamoto ◽  
C. Meyer ◽  
M. Shinozuka
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Frames ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Safety Improvement

Study on Seismic Safety Improvement of Mechanical Structure in Long Duration Earthquake

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Yoshida ◽  
Osamu Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Mechanical Structure ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Evacuation Route

In the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE), the lot of seismic damage in hanging type mechanical structure with low damping occurred by a long duration earthquake. Therefore, the industrial function stopped at many facilities. Moreover, the fall from a ceiling of a mechanical structure and the falling off of some elements in a mechanical structure were connected for outbreak of the secondary damage such as a cut of an evacuation route. This study has been carried the seismic safety improvement of mechanical structure in long duration earthquake from an analytical and experimental approach. In this paper, the fundamental experimental results of falling mechanism of hanging type mechanical structure from a ceiling is shown, and analytical results using nonlinear model with hysteresis damping is described.

scholarly journals Road Assessment Model and Pilot Application in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tiejun Zhang ◽  
Chengcheng Tang ◽  
Greg Smith ◽  
Lingtao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Risk Assessment Model ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Assessment Programme ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
The Cost

Risk assessment of roads is an effective approach for road agencies to determine safety improvement investments. It can increases the cost-effective returns in crash and injury reductions. To get a powerful Chinese risk assessment model, Research Institute of Highway (RIOH) is developing China Road Assessment Programme (ChinaRAP) model to show the traffic crashes in China in partnership with International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP). The ChinaRAP model is based upon RIOH’s achievements and iRAP models. This paper documents part of ChinaRAP’s research work, mainly including the RIOH model and its pilot application in a province in China.

scholarly journals Seismic Vulnerability of Primary Response Agencies in The Himalayan Province of Uttarakhand in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyoosh Rautela ◽  
Girish Chandra Joshi ◽  
Shailesh Ghildiyal
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Seismic Safety ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Strict Compliance ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Building Contents

Seismic vulnerability assessment of nearly 67%, 60%, and 18% of buildings of the first responders (Fire and Emergency Service, Police, and local administration, respectively) in the Himalayan province of Uttarakhand in India suggests 14.12% collapse, and 67.19% damage, and put to disuse immediately after an earthquake. This is to seriously limit emergency response capability of the state, and enhance sufferings and trauma of the affected community. US$ 95.27 is estimated as the cost of seismic safety of emergency response infrastructure, and this is to save building contents worth US$ 10.00 million. Prioritised demolition and reconstruction of Grade 5 buildings, detailed vulnerability assessment and phased retrofitting of Grade 4 and Grade 3 buildings, effective and strict compliance of building bye-laws, stringent punitive measures for lapses in lifeline buildings, mechanism for routine vulnerability assessment, and corrective maintenance are recommended for ensuring smooth and uninterrupted functioning of the emergency response agencies in the aftermath of an earthquake.

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

New Feasible Concepts of Aberration Correction for Realizing High-Resolution Electron Microscopes

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
H. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Electron Wave ◽  
Optical Lens ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Rotationally Symmetric ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Imaging Performance ◽  
Acceleration Voltage

The imaging performance of the light optical lens systems has reached such a degree of perfection that nowadays numerical apertures of about 1 can be utilized. Compared to this state of development the objective lenses of electron microscopes are rather poor allowing at most usable apertures somewhat smaller than 10-2 . This severe shortcoming is due to the unavoidable axial chromatic and spherical aberration of rotationally symmetric electron lenses employed so far in all electron microscopes.The resolution of such electron microscopes can only be improved by increasing the accelerating voltage which shortens the electron wave length. Unfortunately, this procedure is rather ineffective because the achievable gain in resolution is only proportional to λ1/4 for a fixed magnetic field strength determined by the magnetic saturation of the pole pieces. Moreover, increasing the acceleration voltage results in deleterious knock-on processes and in extreme difficulties to stabilize the high voltage. Last not least the cost increase exponentially with voltage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document