scholarly journals Disperse systems temperature field finding at reception of firm crystal-amorphous structures

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Y.V. Kornienko ◽  
P.M. Magaziy ◽  
K.O. Gatilov ◽  
R.V. Sachok
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Characteristic Point ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Disperse Systems ◽  
Gas Filtration ◽  
Amorphous Structures ◽  
Downstream Flow

The temperature field of firm crystal-amorphous structures receiption from liquid systems in the fluid bed is explored. The stable conducting terms of process are certain. Previous studies have shown that increasing the irrigation density increases the probability of formation of agglomerates, which causes a decrease in temperature; therefore, it is advisable to measure the temperature field in the environment of the dispersant and compare it with the values of temperatures at the characteristic point, according to which the regulation of the flow of liquid phase to the granulator is carried out. The objective of the experimental research was to determine the change of the temperature field in disperse systems in obtaining crystalline-amorphous solid structures in a fluidized-bed apparatus. In case of an increase in the amount of heat flow, an adequate increase in the flow of liquid phase occurs. This results in the local overturning of solid particles and, as a result, the formation of large aggregates and loss of quality of fluidization. To eliminate this disadvantage it is advisable to create conditions for uneven distribution of the coolant speed. In the downstream right and left fluxes, the coolant speed should not exceed the rate of gas filtration through the material. In the left upward flow, in which the direction of motion of the granular material is opposite to the direction of the vector of the linear velocity of the dispersed droplets of the liquid phase, it is expedient to increase the flow of the coolant in a direction that coincides with the downstream flow. To verify these provisions, it is expedient to conduct a study of the continuous process of formation of solid multilayer composites.

scholarly journals Уравнение состояния и поверхностные свойства аморфного железа

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
М.Н. Магомедов
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Interatomic Potential ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Nonlinear Dependence ◽  
Amorphous Structures ◽  
Special Points

It is shown that on the nonlinear dependence of the first coordination number (kn) versus the packing coefficient (kp) of the structure of a mono-component substance, three special points corresponding to the amorphous structure can be distinguished. Based on the pairwise interatomic potential of Mie–Lennard-Jones, the state equation and properties of iron for both these three amorphous structures and the crystal state are calculated. It is shown that at kp = 0.45556 and kn = 6.2793 the minimum chemical potential is reached, i.e. this point is corresponding a thermodynamically stable amorphous structure into the liquid phase. An energetically equivalent point with the same kn value, but with kp = 0.6237, is a thermodynamically unstable amorphous structure corresponding to the solid phase. It is shown that the specific surface energy of an amorphous solid metal is greater than that of an amorphous liquid phase, but less than that of a metal in the crystalline state. This should lead to the fact that the surface of the crystal metal should tend to amorphize.

scholarly journals Crystallization and Phase Changes in Paracetamol from the Amorphous Solid to the Liquid Phase

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Sibik ◽  
Michael J. Sargent ◽  
Miriam Franklin ◽  
J. Axel Zeitler
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Phase Changes

Importance of the Direct Contact of Amorphous Solid Particles with the Surface of Monolayers for the Transepithelial Permeation of Curcumin

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Kimura ◽  
Sachiha Kasatani ◽  
Megumi Tanaka ◽  
Kaeko Araki ◽  
Masakazu Enomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Amorphous Solid ◽  
Solid Particles

scholarly journals A laboratory approach to predict the water-based drill-in fluid damage on a shale formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 2579-2600
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xinmim Wu ◽  
Weifeng Li ◽  
Haitao Bai ◽  
Linsheng Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Shale Reservoir ◽  
Water Block

Shale gas production after drill-in, completion, and hydraulic fracturing is strongly affected by formation damage. In order to determine the damage mechanisms for nonmarine shale reservoir, a series of assessments of sensitivity damage, water block damage, water-based drill-in fluids damage, and water damage to gas diffusion on 20 shale samples obtained from Chang 7 Formation were conducted and analyzed. Results indicate that, in the Chang 7 Formation shale, there is extremely strong stress sensitivity and moderately weak water sensitivity damage. Although the liquid phase invasion depth is shallow and the water block damage is limited, the liquid phase and solid particles would enter the microfractures in the reservoir.The P-1 water-based drill-in fluid is compatible with the Chang 7 Formation shale reservoir which can meet the requirement of Chang 7 Formation shale damage controlling, the effect of water-based drill-in fluid on wellbore stability should be paid more attention. The diffusion coefficient of the shale decreases with the presence of water.A systematic damage evaluation method of working fluid considering the multi-mechanism and multi-scale mass transfer process of shale gas is needed to establish.

One Step Back, Two Steps Forward

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben McFarland
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Early Earth ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Dissolved Ions ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Step ◽  
Chemical History

In seventh grade, I picked up The Eye of the World, the first in a series of Tolkienesque novels. The author, Robert Jordan, had built a world with several creative innovations, but at heart it was the familiar story of the farm boy who grew up to be king that drew me in. It was clear to all readers that this boy would be the hero of the prophesied Last Battle, but most characters refused to see it. I was frustrated by this by book four and graduated to acceptance by book eight. (Did I mention this was a long series?) It took 14 books and a second author to reach the Last Battle. Even though the direction was clear, the plot was anything but an upward march. The chemical history of the Earth was also anything but an upward march. Once photosynthesis made oxygen and mitochondria used it, a cycle of oxygen- making and oxygen-breaking generated cheap energy for exploring and processing the planet, spreading out energy in sun-driven cycles. The direction of this story was set, toward oxygen and oxidation. But like any long story, the chemical story of Earth’s development took twists and turns, encountering obstacles and opportunities, as the Earth oxidized and grew in complexity. Of these twists, the biggest may be geological rather than biological. In this story, precipitation changed the early Earth. Not “precipitation” meaning rain, but “precipitation” in the chemical sense, as when a solid precipitates inside a test tube. Chemists work and think in the liquid phase, where the “rain” that falls is solid particles, which happen when two atoms discover that they are more stable together as solid than apart as dissolved ions. For chemists, precipitation is usually a disappointment. Some of the most elegant experiments have been ruined by the chemicals “precipitating out” into a soggy mess. In a sense, it was a disappointment when it happened on the early Earth as well, although this disappointment threatened the continued existence of life.

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