scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SOME HEAVY METALS ON TOTAL PROTEIN AND PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN CLOVER AND VETCH PLANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-268
Author(s):  
Özlem DEMİRASLAN ◽  
Cüneyt AKI
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cadmium Nitrate ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Forage Plants

Forage crop farming is shown as the most important way of continuous and safe forage production. Clover and vetch are the most used forage plants. In this research clover (Medicago sativa) and vetch (Vicia sativa) plants were planted in large pots (48x18x18cm) containing peat: perlite mixture (3:1). The seeds were kept in distilled water for 3 hours before planting and swelling was ensured. After the peat perlite mixture prepared in pots was watered sufficiently with distilled water and then seeds were planted. 1000 ppm heavy metal stock solutions have been prepared for lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2, copper nitrate Cu(NO3)2.3H2O, and cadmium nitrate (CdNO3)2.4H2O. Prepared heavy metal solutions were given to the plants at once, with irrigation water, in 300 mL for each pot. Total protein amount and peroxidase activity were examined by spectrophotometrically 72 hours after the heavy metal application. Three different heavy metals applications to the forage plants, have been showed different physiological reactions in these plants. These reactions have been measured by comparing control group of plants. According to research results, it was determined that the maximum increase in the total protein amount in M. sativa compared with the control group was 100 ppm applied lead. The maximum increase in the total protein amount in V. sativa compared with the control group was 30 ppm applied cadmium, respectively. The increase in peroxidase activity has been determined in M. sativa and V. sativa plants compared with the control groups were 30 ppm applied cadmium. As a result of our research, it was determined that cadmium has been found to be more effective than lead and copper for stimulation of plant defense system.

Assessment of Adverse Effects of Lead, Nickel and Cadmium on Biochemical Parameters, Antioxidants Status and Metallothionein Expression in Buffaloes Slaughtered at Local Abattoir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himalaya Bhardwaj ◽  
Chanchal Singh ◽  
Shashi Nayyar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lead Nickel

Background: With the pace of industrialization, heavy metal level has been increasing in animals thereby causing deleterious effects, which emanate as public health concern, associated with their accumulation in food chain. The present study was undertaken to assess the systemic damage caused by heavy metals in buffaloes. Methods: The assessment of adverse effects of the lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd), in blood was determined by monitoring the levels of biochemical parameters, antioxidants and expression of metallothionein in buffaloes. Blood and tissue (liver, kidney, pancreas and ovary) samples (n=50) were collected from local abattoir to estimate the levels of lead, nickel and cadmium using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Antioxidants and biochemical parameters were estimated using standard procedures and while the expression of metallothionein-2 was analyzed using real-time PCR.Result: After determining the concentration of heavy metals in samples the buffaloes were classified as heavy metal exposed and non-exposed groups. The plasma level of heavy metals were found to be significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than the permissible limit in exposed buffaloes. In tissues, heavy metals levels were within the permissible limits. Malondialdehyde level in each of lead, nickel and cadmium exposed groups was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than the non-exposed, control group. The antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione was found to be increased significantly (p less than 0.05) in exposed groups. Also, plasma glucose, cholesterol, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), urea and creatinine levels were found to be significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the blood of the animal model used for the study. The fold change expression of MT-2 in blood was found to be at maximum level in cadmium and minimum in nickel exposed buffaloes. It can be concluded from the results of the experiment that heavy metals affect major organs (liver, kidney and muscle etc.) as evident by altered intracellular expression of MT-2, antioxidants and biochemical parameters.

Effect of Antioxidants on Heavy Metals Induced Conformational Altera-tion of Cytochrome C And Myoglobin

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Ahmed ◽  
Khadega Khamis Moh Alazoumi ◽  
Salman Freeh Alamery ◽  
Anas Shamsi ◽  
Basir Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Heme Proteins ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Secondary And Tertiary Structure

Background: The exposure to heavy metals due to unrestrained industrialization, pollution and non-degradability imposes a significant risk to human health. Proteins are prime targets of heavy metal stress, however, the underlying mechanisms and its impact on heme proteins is still not entirely clear. Objective: To analyze the deleterious effect of heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium and mercury on conformation of two proteins namely, cytochrome c and myoglobin. The protective effect of glycine and ascorbic acid (animal origin), gallic acid and sesamol (plant origin) on heavy metal exposure was studied. Methods: Far- and near-UV circular dichroism (CD) measurements monitored the changes in secondary and tertiary structure. Absorption Soret spectroscopy study revealed changes in heme-protein interaction. Peroxidase activity has been assayed to measure the absorption of tetraguaiacol. The interaction of heme proteins with different heavy metals was done using docking study. Result: Far- and near–UV CD measurements reveal that heavy metals disrupt the secondary and tertiary structure of heme proteins. Antioxidants counteract the deleterious effect of heavy metals. Absorption spectroscopy revealed changes in the Soret region of these heme proteins. Changes in peroxidase activity was observed on addition of heavy metals and antioxidants. Molecular docking validated interaction of the heavy metals with proteins with a significant binding affinity (-2.3 kcal/mol). Conclusion: Heavy metals interfered and disrupted both the heme proteins and mercury showed the maximum deleterious effect, further, chromium showed detrimental effect at very small concentration. The antioxidants from animal origin exhibited better protective response than those from plant source.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Leaching of Cementitious Matrices Containing Waste Ash from Brazzaville Landfills (Republic of Congo)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
K. M. Mbemba ◽  
M. B. Mabiala Loubilou ◽  
J. M. Ouamba
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Leaching Tests ◽  
Republic Of Congo

Inadequate management of ash generated by household waste burned in open air in Republic of Congo, generates pollution sites especially through heavy metal contamination (Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn). The aim of this study is to evaluate the chemical durability of cementitious matrices containing waste ashes and their ability to retain in their structure heavy metals contained in these ashes. To do this, we collected 40 kg of waste coming from 4 landfills (A, B, C, D) in Brazzaville city. Waste was then burned and turned into ash. 6 cementitious matrice formulations (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6) based on Dolisie Portland cement were made by varying the cement/ash/lime rations. We carried out static leaching tests with raw ashes and cementitious matrices at pH = 7 and at 25°C in distilled water during 30 days. This study shows that cementitious matrices containing ash have good potentiality for retention of heavy metals (more than 75%). But, cementitious matrices containing ash and lime give better results with retention rates between 90-99%.

scholarly journals Effects of Heavy Metal Toxicity on Anxiety Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 660-668
Author(s):  
Mfem CC ◽  
Seriki SA ◽  
Oyama SE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Human Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
High Doses

Background: Several heavy metals are found naturally in the earth crust and are exploited for various industrial and economic purposes. Among these heavy metals, a few have impact on the human body. Though some of these metals only have effect on human physiology in high doses, others such as cadmium, mercury, lead, chromium, silver, and arsenic have delirious effects in the body even in minute quantities, causing acute and chronic toxicities in human. Anxiety is a common psychiatric disorder among men and women. Occasional anxiety may be a normal a part of life. However, people with anxiety disorders frequently have intense, excessive and persistent worry and fear about everyday situations. Often, anxiety disorders involve repeated episodes of sudden feelings of intense anxiety and fear or terror that reach a peak within minutes (panic attacks). This study examined a major environmental risk factor of anxiety disorder and how the adverse impact of anxiety disorder could be ameliorated using zinc and vitamin E. Methods: Animals used for the researched were grouped into four. Group 1 represents control group; Group 2 represents animals exposed a heavy metal (CaCl2); Group 3 represents animals exposed to CaCl2 and then treated with zinc; and Group 4 represents animals exposed to CaCl2 and then treated vit E. Results: Results showed that exposure to heavy metals (CaCl2 in particular) causes severe anxiety disorders. Results also showed zinc and vit E have the capacity to ameliorate anxiety disorder caused by heavy metals. Conclusion: The human body should be adequately protected as man interacts with heavy metals to prevent anxiety disorder, and where a patient becomes a victim of the disorder, zinc and vit E could be used to manage the case.

scholarly journals The impact of the nutritional supplement “ERAMIN” on the heavy metal content in meat and offals

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
V. M. Poznyakovskiy ◽  
Sergey L. Tikhonov ◽  
N. V. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Slaughter Cattle ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
The Impact

There was performed an experimental study on the reduction of heavy metals in meat and products of slaughter cattle. For the experiment, according to the principle of analogues there were formed two groups of 15 Hereford calves each: 1 - control, 2 - experimental. Calves from the second group, in addition to the basic diet from the age of 3 months received dietary supplement "Eramin" in a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight for 10 days every 3 months throughout the period of growing and fattening. In that the content of heavy metals in the meat of calves is established to fail to exceed the MPC. The amount of copper, iron and nickel in the control group exceeded average by 93,2 and 77,8%, respectively. The nickel content in muscle longissimus dorsi of the control group is 0,046 mg/kg, which is 5,6 times above the average. Against the background of the use of "Eramin" in the ration of calves in meat there was shown a significant (P ≤ 0,05) decrease in iron, cadmium and lead 12,0; 9,8 and 11,4%, respectively.

scholarly journals Using the mineral component of building refuse in heavy metals sorption from their mixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20218112
Author(s):  
V. M. Yurk ◽  
O. B. Zaytsev ◽  
A. V. Zaytseva ◽  
N. A. Malahova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Mineral Component ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Technogenic Soils

The sorption properties of the sand-breakstone mixture based on the mineral component of building refuse of the 0-10 mm fraction with respect to Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions were studied using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The mechanisms of accumulation of heavy metal ions on the surface of the mixture particles are described. It was found that after washing the contaminated material distilled water, the residual concentration of metals in the filtrate does not exceed the established sanitary and hygienic standards. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of applying the results in reclamation of technogenic formations or production of materials for the technical stage of reclamation using technogenic soils.

scholarly journals ​​Effect of Environmental Heavy Metal Pollution on Metabolic Profile of Buffaloes in Ludhiana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranesh V. Yeotikar ◽  
Shashi Nayyar ◽  
Chanchal Singh ◽  
C.S. Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Rajesh Jindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Control Area ◽  
And Control

Background: The industrial hub of Punjab, Ludhiana is polluted with heavy metals. The dairy animals experience stress due to pollution of heavy metals as well as the hot summer season. The stressors lead to disturbance in metabolic profile and affect milk production. The present study aimed at evaluation of detrimental effect of environmental heavy metal pollution on the metabolic profile of buffaloes during summer and winter seasons in Ludhiana district of Punjab, India. A total of 100 buffaloes were randomly selected from heavy metal exposed (n=60) and control area (n=40) during summer and winter seasons. Methods: The location of the experimental area surveyed on the basis of levels of heavy metals. The dairy farms are located in and around Ludhiana, Punjab were identified with levels of heavy metal above the permissible limits (FSSAI, 2010) viz. Chromium-0.05 µg /ml; Nickel-0.02 µg /ml; Arsenic-0.05 µg /ml and Lead -0.05µg /ml. The plasma samples were analyzed for metabolic profile. The water levels of heavy metals were below the permissible limits; therefore, it was taken as uncontaminated or control area. Result: Buffaloes of heavy metal exposed areas exhibited significantly (P less than 0.05) higher levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, BUN, creatinine, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and CK levels as compared to control area. A significant (P less than 0.05) decrease was observed in plasma total protein, albumin, A:G ratio, BUN: creatinine ratio in the buffaloes of exposed area as compared to the control area. However, significantly (P less than 0.05) higher levels of plasma glucose, BUN, creatinine, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and CK levels were observed during summer as compared to winter season in both exposed and control areas. Significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased levels of plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin and BUN: Creatinine ratio were observed in the buffaloes during summer as compared to winter in both exposed and control areas. The Cr, Ni, As and Pb levels showed highly significant (P less than 0.01) positive correlation with plasma levels of glucose, total cholesterol, creatinine, ALT, AST, CK and GGT. Highly significant positive relationship (P less than 0.01) was observed among plasma levels of glucose, total cholesterol, creatinine, BUN, ALT, AST, ALP, CK and GGT whereas, plasma BUN had highly significant (P less than 0.01) negative correlation with plasma total protein and A:G ratio considering both the areas together. Plasma levels of total protein showed significant (P less than 0.01) negative correlation with all other metabolic profile constituents of both control and heavy metal exposed areas. Thus it may be concluded that the metabolic disturbance in heavy metal exposed buffaloes may have been mediated by heavy metal pollution.

Portable and Sensitive Detector Strips for Rapid Detection of Organophosphorus, Mercury, Copper, Cadmium, and Silver Compounds

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-843
Author(s):  
Nanguneri V Nanda Kumar ◽  
Yalavarthi Prameela Devi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Silver Compounds

Abstract Portable and sensitive detector strips developed for rapid detection of organophosphorus, mercury, copper, cadmium, and silver compounds are inexpensive, indefinitely stable, and easy to use. The strips require mild moistening with distilled water and warming for the reaction involving cholinesterase and succinate dehydrogenase inhibition by organophosphorus and heavy metal compounds, respectively. The detector strips, designated A, B, and C, can be combined to detect heavy metals and organophosphates as their oxygen analogs at nanogram concentrations in 5-10 min with little cleanup, so the strips can be used under field conditions

scholarly journals Effect of Heavy Metals on Creatinine Level in Human Blood Samples of Inhabitants Living in the Vicinity of Hudiara Drain, Lahore, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 562-570
Author(s):  
Saima Jadoon ◽  
Sumaira Sharif ◽  
Qurban Ali ◽  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Fouzia Noureen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Creatinine Level ◽  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metal Levels

Aims: Modern industrialization, anthropogenic and industrial activities have increased the risk of human exposure to heavy metals and in turn effecting human health badly. Hundreds of millions of people are globally affected by heavy metal toxicity through contaminated water in one way or. another. In order to find a correlation between the heavy metal concentrations and serum creatinine level, a study was conducted on the inhabitants living near the Hudiara drain suffering from kidney diseases. Study Design: The subjects (n=498) were selected from the vicinity of polluted Hudiara drain to conduct this matched case–control study in 2019-2020. Instrumental techniques were used for the determination of heavy metals and creatinine was determined by using Kit. The correlation between heavy metals and creatinine was checked. Place and Duration of Study: To determine heavy metals and creatinine in blood, samples were collected from the habitants of Hudiara drain and the control group 100Km far from Hudiara drain. Methodology: Blood samples of male subjects with and tested for heavy metals in the blood using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and creatinine level using Creatinine Elisa Kit. The study was conducted in 2020 and included n= 498 healthy volunteers (control) and n=498 effected (suffering from chronic kidney disease). Results: The ANOVA shows the significant difference between two groups i.e.  control group and affected group in all traits of the respondents (weight, age, heavy metal values and serum creatinine level). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated for heavy metals and creatinine subjects’ blood samples. It was found that heavy metal levels in subjects have a significant correlation with serum creatinine. The study shows that serum creatinine level has no significant correlation with age, so is independent of age. Conclusion: The concentration of heavy metal contaminants (Cd, Hg, Pb) in the blood of the inhabitants of Hudiara drain flowing in Lahore city, Pakistan is highly polluted by industrial effluents. The effects of higher concentration of heavy metals in the inhabitants of Hudiara drain have been determined in serum creatinine levels. It was observed that high serum creatinine values are found in subjects suffering from CKD.

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