scholarly journals Influence of K salts in enhanced herbicide activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2020) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deivid Araújo Magano ◽  
Jerson V. Carús Guedes ◽  
Shyam Pariyar ◽  
Juergen Burkhardt ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Activity

Enhancement of Herbicide Activity with an Isoparaffinic Oil Carrier

Weed Science ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Burr ◽  
G. F. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Ipomoea Hederacea ◽  
Purple Nutsedge ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Activity ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Agropyron Repens

Several herbicides were tested in the greenhouse on ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundusL.), and quackgrass (Agropyron repens(L.) Beauv.) to determine the degree of enhancement in activity that could be obtained with an isoparaffinic oil carrier applied at 140 L/ha. The enhancement varied with the herbicide and with the species, ranging from 16-fold enhancement with 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (atrazine) and 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (dinoseb) on ivyleaf morningglory to no enhancement of atrazine activity on purple nutsedge and quackgrass or (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) activity on quackgrass and ivyleaf morningglory. An oil adjuvant was less effective in enhancing dinoseb and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea (linuron) activity than was the isoparaffinic oil carrier. Also, the isoparaffinic oil carrier emulsified in water was less effective than the undiluted oil in enhancing dinoseb activity on green foxtail, even though equal volumes of the isoparaffinic oil were applied.

The Effect of Piperonyl Butoxide and Adjuvants on Sulfonylurea Herbicide Activity

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chae Soon Kwon ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicide ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Activity ◽  
Grass Weed

Greenhouse studies showed that the mixed function oxidase inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), tank-mixed with the sulfonylurea herbicides, nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, and thifensulfuron, in the absence of effective adjuvants enhanced herbicide activity on both broadleaf and grass weed species. Effective adjuvants for nicosulfuron were K-3000 for common lambsquarters, Sylgard® 309 Surfactant for velvetleaf, K-2000 for barnyardgrass, and K-2000, K-3000, and Scoil® methylated seed oil for giant foxtail control. K-3000 and Sylgard 309 enhanced velvetleaf control with primisulfuron and thifensulfuron. The 28% urea and ammonium nitrate (UAN) was more effective as an adjuvant with thifensulfuron for velvetleaf than for common lambsquarters control. The enhancement of sulfonylurea herbicide activity with PBO was most apparent when other adjuvants were least effective.

Relationship between temperature and triazinone herbicide activity

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Buman ◽  
David R. Gealy ◽  
E.P. Fuerst
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Activity

Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) Management with Imazapyr

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith W. Duncan ◽  
Kirk C. McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Recent Success ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Tamarix Spp ◽  
Herbicide Activity ◽  
Herbicide Use

During the 20th century, naturalized saltcedar has become common within major tributaries throughout the western United States. Often growing in nearly monocultural stands, saltcedar is suspected of lowering water tables, thus destroying wetlands and wildlife habitats. Management efforts have primarily relied on mechanical and cultural practices, but recent success in controlling saltcedar with imazapyr has led to wider herbicide use. Based on a number of research/extension field trials in New Mexico from 1987 to present, imazapyr applied alone or in combination with glyphosate was found to control saltcedar to levels of 90% or greater, especially when applied in August or September. For fixed-wing aircraft applications, we recommend applying imazapyr at 1.1 kg ai/ha or imazapyr plus glyphosate at 0.56 plus 0.56 kg/ha. For individual plant treatments, we recommend spraying the foliage to wet with imazapyr at 1% v/v in water, or imazapyr plus glyphosate at 0.5 plus 0.5% v/v. Herbicide activity may be reduced as saltcedar height and stem number increases.

Fluorescence Investigation of DCMU and S-Triazine Herbicide Activity in Crop and Weed Species

1987 ◽  
pp. 827-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Panneels ◽  
A. Van Moer ◽  
P. Reimer ◽  
P. Salis ◽  
A. Chouhiat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triazine Herbicide ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Herbicide Activity

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF SULFONYLUREA HERBICIDE ACTIVITY

1985 ◽  
pp. 313-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Falco ◽  
R.S. Chaleff ◽  
K.S. Dumas ◽  
R.A. LaRossa ◽  
K.J. Leto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicide ◽  
Herbicide Activity

Dissipation and Water Activation of UCC-C4243

Weed Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry R. Wright ◽  
Alex G. Ogg ◽  
E. Patrick Fuerst
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Near Ultraviolet ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Water Activation ◽  
Herbicide Activity

Field experiments were conducted in 1992 and 1993 to determine the timing and amount of rainfall required to activate UCC-C4243 applied preemergence. UCC-C4243 at 0, 70, and 140 g ai ha−1was applied 1, 7, 14, and 21 d before 0.5 or 2 cm of simulated rainfall. Temporary rainshelters protected field plots from natural rainfall during the 21 d dry period. Herbicide activity was determined in the field by seeding lentil, wheat, common lambsquarters, and field pennycress and in the greenhouse by a sugarbeet bioassay of soil samples (0 to 3 cm depth) taken from all plots immediately before irrigation. UCC-C4243 did not injure wheat; however, lentil population was reduced when simulated rainfall occurred within 7 d after application. Lentil injury was greater with higher herbicide rate and higher water level. UCC-C4243 at 70 and 140 g ha−1reduced populations of both weed species by 75 and 90%, respectively, when either 0.5 or 2 cm simulated rainfall was received within 1 d after herbicide application. Weed control was reduced with a 21 d delay between herbicide application and water activation. The sugarbeet bioassay showed a linear decrease of herbicide activity over time and also with accumulated photosynthetically active radiation. After 17.9 d, herbicide activity on a dry soil surface decreased 50%. Laboratory investigations show that [14C]-UCC-C4243 on glass slides was photodegraded by near ultraviolet light (290 to 400 nm). Volatilization of14C-labeled herbicide from glass slides was less than 5% after exposure to turbulent air for 48 h.

Effect of Soil Constituents on Herbicide Activity in Modified-Soil Field Plots

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. Weber ◽  
S.B. Weed ◽  
T.W. Waldrep
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
First Year ◽  
Herbicide Activity ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Soil Constituents ◽  
Modified Soil

An organic muck and a montmorillonite clay were incorporated into the surface 7.6 cm of a structureless sandy soil at rates ranging from 26,880 to 89,600 kg/ha. Prometryne [2,4-bis(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-s-triazine] and fluometuron [1,1-dimethyl-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea] were surface-applied and trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine) were incorporated at two rates each in 1968, 1969, and 1970. Organic matter greatly reduced the biological activity of all three herbicides. Montmorillonite clay greatly reduced the activity of prometryne, slightly decreased the activity of fluometuron, and had no significant effect on trifluralin activity in all but the first year of the study. Both soil additives increased the cation exchange capacity of the soil. Muck decreased soil pH while montmorillonite increased it.

scholarly journals Spray deposition, adjuvants, and physiochemical properties affect benzobicyclon efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
Chad Brabham ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Craig A. Sandoski ◽  
Vijay K. Varanasi ◽  
Lauren M. Schwartz-Lazaro
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Flood Water ◽  
Flooded Rice ◽  
Herbicide Activity

AbstractBenzobicyclon is a new pro-herbicide being evaluated in the Midsouth United States as a post-flood weed control option in rice. Applications of benzobicyclon to flooded rice are necessary for efficacious herbicide activity, but why this is so remains unknown. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to explore how herbicide placement (foliage only, flood water only, foliage and flood water simultaneously) and adjuvants (nonionic surfactant, crop oil concentrate, and methylated seed oil [MSO]) affect herbicide activity. The first experiment focused on importance of herbicide placement. Little to no herbicidal activity (<18% visual control) was observed on two- to four-leaf barnyardgrass, Amazon sprangletop, and benzobicyclon-susceptible weedy rice with benzobicyclon treatments applied to weed foliage only. In contrast, applications made only to the flood water accounted for >82% of the weed control and biomass reduction achieved when benzobicyclon was applied to flood water and foliage simultaneously. The second experiment concentrated on adjuvant type and benzobicyclon efficacy when applied to foliage and flood water simultaneously. At 28 days after treatment, benzobicyclon alone at 371 g ai ha−1 provided 29% and 67% control of three- to five-leaf barnyardgrass and Amazon sprangletop, respectively. The inclusion of any adjuvant significantly increased control, with MSO providing near-complete control of barnyardgrass and Amazon sprangletop. Furthermore, we used the physiochemical properties of benzobicyclon and benzobicyclon hydrolysate to derive theories to explain the complex activity of benzobicyclon observed in our study and in field trials. Benzobicyclon applications should contain an oil-based adjuvant and must be applied to flooded rice fields for optimal activity.

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