scholarly journals Response of forensic scientific community to Covid-19 pandemic: A Review Article

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Maciej J. Bogusz
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Toxicological Significance

The purpose of this review was to show the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on forensic sciences, as reflected in the publications, which appeared in 2020. The review covered following topics: Response of legal medical experts on the increased daily workload in forensic practice and enhanced risk issues arising in forensic practice, particularly regarding autopsy, drugs used in Covid-19 therapy and their toxicological significance, and influence of Covid-19 pandemic on the profile and extent of substance abuse.

ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN CIVIL PROCESS

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Alexandr Neznamov
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Civil Process ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
The Impact

Digital technologies are no longer the future but are the present of civil proceedings. That is why any research in this direction seems to be relevant. At the same time, some of the fundamental problems remain unattended by the scientific community. One of these problems is the problem of classification of digital technologies in civil proceedings. On the basis of instrumental and genetic approaches to the understanding of digital technologies, it is concluded that their most significant feature is the ability to mediate the interaction of participants in legal proceedings with information; their differentiating feature is the function performed by a particular technology in the interaction with information. On this basis, it is proposed to distinguish the following groups of digital technologies in civil proceedings: a) technologies of recording, storing and displaying (reproducing) information, b) technologies of transferring information, c) technologies of processing information. A brief description is given to each of the groups. Presented classification could serve as a basis for a more systematic discussion of the impact of digital technologies on the essence of civil proceedings. Particularly, it is pointed out that issues of recording, storing, reproducing and transferring information are traditionally more «technological» for civil process, while issues of information processing are more conceptual.

Challenges and Issues in the Design of Micro-Machined Antennas - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar ◽  
Amar Partap Singh Pharwaha
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Review Article ◽  
High Index ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Patch Antennas ◽  
Micro Machining ◽  
The Impact

Background: Patch antennas are composed of the substrate material with patch and ground plane on the both sides of the substrate. The dimensions and performance characteristics of the antenna are highly influenced by the choice of the appropriate substrate depending upon the value of their dielectric constant. Generally, low index substrate materials are used to design the patch antenna but there are also some of the applications, which require the implementation of patch antenna design on high index substrate like silicon and gallium arsenide. Objective: The objective of this article is to review the design of antennas developed on high index substrate and the problems associated with the use of these materials as substrate. Also, main challenges and solutions have been discussed to improve the performance characteristics while using the high index substrates. Method: The review article has divided into various sections including the solution of the problems associated with the high index substrates in the form of micro-machining process. Along with this, types of micro machining and their applications have discussed in detail. Results: This review article investigates the various patch antennas designed with micro-machining technology and also discusses the impact of micro-machining process on the performance parameters of the patch antennas designed on high index substrates. Conclusion: By using the micro-machining process, the performance of patch antenna improves drastically but fabrication and tolerances at such minute structures is very tedious task for the antenna designers.

scholarly journals Examining the impact of mental disease on type 2 diabetes outcomes: results from the EpiChron Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Guerrero Fernández de Alba ◽  
A Gimeno-Miguel ◽  
B Poblador Plou ◽  
K Bliek Bueno ◽  
J Carmona Pirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Emergency Room Visits ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is often accompanied by other chronic diseases, including mental diseases (MD). This work aimed at studying MD prevalence in T2D patients and analyse its impact on T2D health outcomes. Methods Retrospective, observational study of individuals of the EpiChron Cohort aged 18 and over with prevalent T2D at baseline (2011) in Aragón, Spain (n = 63,365). Participants were categorized by the existence or absence of MD, defined as the presence of depression, anxiety, schizophrenia or substance abuse. MD prevalence was calculated, and a logistic regression model was performed to analyse the likelihood of the four studied health outcomes (4-year all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalization, T2D-hospitalization, and emergency room visits) based on the presence of each type of MD, after adjusting by age, sex and number of comorbidities. Results Mental diseases were observed in 19% of T2D patients, with depression being the most frequent condition, especially in women (20.7% vs. 7.57%). Mortality risk was significantly higher in patients with MD (odds ratio -OR- 1.24; 95% confidence interval -CI- 1.16-1.31), especially in those with substance abuse (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.84-2.57) and schizophrenia (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.50-2.21). The presence of MD also increased the risk of T2D-hospitalization (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.18-1.93), emergency room visits (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.21-1.32) and all-cause hospitalization (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.10-1.23). Conclusions The high prevalence of MD among T2D patients, and its association with health outcomes, underscores the importance of providing integrated, person-centred care and early detection of comorbid mental diseases in T2D patients to improve disease management and health outcomes. Key messages Comprehensive care of T2D should include specific strategies for prevention, early detection, and management of comorbidities, especially mental disorders, in order to reduce their impact on health. Substance abuse was the mental disease with the highest risk of T2D-hospitalization, emergency room visits and all-cause hospitalization.

scholarly journals A Risk-Based Strategy for Evaluating Mitigation Options for Process-Formed Compounds in Food

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hanlon ◽  
Gregory P. Brorby ◽  
Mansi Krishan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

Processing (eg, cooking, grinding, drying) has changed the composition of food throughout the course of human history; however, awareness of process-formed compounds, and the potential need to mitigate exposure to those compounds, is a relatively recent phenomenon. In May 2015, the North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI North America) Technical Committee on Food and Chemical Safety held a workshop on the risk-based process for mitigation of process-formed compounds. This workshop aimed to gain alignment from academia, government, and industry on a risk-based process for proactively assessing the need for and benefit of mitigation of process-formed compounds, including criteria to objectively assess the impact of mitigation as well as research needed to support this process. Workshop participants provided real-time feedback on a draft framework in the form of a decision tree developed by the ILSI North America Technical Committee on Food and Chemical Safety to a panel of experts, and they discussed the importance of communicating the value of such a process to the larger scientific community and, ultimately, the public. The outcome of the workshop was a decision tree that can be used by the scientific community and could form the basis of a global approach to assessing the risks associated with mitigation of process-formed compounds.

scholarly journals Paraben Compounds—Part I: An Overview of Their Characteristics, Detection, and Impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2307
Author(s):  
João Lincho ◽  
Rui C. Martins ◽  
João Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Different Water Sources

Parabens are widely used in different industries as preservatives and antimicrobial compounds. The evolution of analytical techniques allowed the detection of these compounds in different sources at µg/L and ng/L. Until today, parabens were already found in water sources, air, soil and even in human tissues. The impact of parabens in humans, animals and in ecosystems are a matter of discussion within the scientific community, but it is proven that parabens can act as endocrine disruptors, and some reports suggest that they are carcinogenic compounds. The presence of parabens in ecosystems is mainly related to wastewater discharges. This work gives an overview about the paraben problem, starting with their characteristics and applications. Moreover, the dangers related to their usage were addressed through the evaluation of toxicological studies over different species as well as of humans. Considering this, paraben detection in different water sources, wastewater treatment plants, humans and animals was analyzed based on literature results. A review of European legislation regarding parabens was also performed, presenting some considerations for the use of parabens.

scholarly journals Existing Improvements in Simulation of Fire–Wind Interaction and Its Effects on Structures

Fire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Maryam Ghodrat ◽  
Farshad Shakeriaski ◽  
David James Nelson ◽  
Albert Simeoni
Keyword(s):  
Slope Angle ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Damage Evaluation ◽  
Safety Engineering ◽  
Fire Damage ◽  
Disturbance Interactions ◽  
Fire Modelling ◽  
Fanning Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Interaction Phenomena

This work provides a detailed overview of existing investigations into the fire–wind interaction phenomena. Specifically, it considers: the fanning effect of wind, wind direction and slope angle, and the impact of wind on fire modelling, and the relevant analysis (numerical and experimental) techniques are evaluated. Recently, the impact of fire on buildings has been widely analysed. Most studies paid attention to fire damage evaluation of structures as well as structure fire safety engineering, while the disturbance interactions that influence structures have been neglected in prior studies and must be analysed in greater detail. In this review article, evidence regarding the fire–wind interaction is discussed. The effect of a fire transitioning from a wildfire to a wildland–urban interface (WUI) is also investigated, with a focus on the impact of the resulting fire–wind phenomenon on high- and low-rise buildings.

Lymphoedema after head and neck cancer treatment: an overview for clinical practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Sup4) ◽  
pp. S24-S29
Author(s):  
Claire Jeans ◽  
Bena Brown ◽  
Elizabeth C Ward ◽  
Anne E Vertigan
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
The Impact

Lymphoedema is a disorder of the lymphatic system that presents as an atypical swelling and accumulation of protein-rich fluid within the interstitial spaces. Head and neck lymphoedema (HNL) is highly prevalent in patients who have been treated for head and neck cancer (HNC) and may manifest externally on the face and neck; internally within the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx; or as a combination of both. HNL is known to contribute to a wide range of physical, functional and psychological issues, and presents several unique challenges in terms of its management. This review article provides an overview of HNL for clinicians and aims to improve awareness of this condition and the impact it has on patients.

The Impact of Solar Winds on Navigation Aids

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Sandford
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Remote Imaging ◽  
Solar Winds ◽  
New Information ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Impact

Recent developments in remote imaging equipment carried on satellites have given the scientific community a vast amount of new information about the Sun and its atmosphere. Media coverage of the remarkable discoveries accompanied by impressive images of the Sun's atmosphere, and linkage to the loss of a television satellite over the United States, have focused public attention on the existence and effects of the Solar Wind. This paper sets out to illustrate the impact of the Solar Wind on radio aids to navigation, and to look at the possible effects on present and proposed systems.

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