scholarly journals The relation between protein energy malnutrition and gingival status in children

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 507-510
Author(s):  
Maisoun Ahmed Dib Dashash
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between protein-energy malnutrition and gingivitis in children in Damascus and its suburbs. For this purpose we used a random sample of 840 male and female children aged 6-12 years. Their gums were examined. The bleeding indexes were recorded for both primary and permanent teeth. Anthropometric measures were taken: Weight for age, Height for age and Weight for Height. We found that gingivitis increased among low weight children [44%]compared to normal children [31%]. It was more severe in low-height children in comparison to others. These findings necessitate the promotion of preventive care in order to insure gingival hygiene, particularly by following a balanced diet

scholarly journals The relation between protein energy malnutrition and gingival status in children

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
M. A. Dashash
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Thepurpose of this study was to investigate the relation between protein-energy malnutrition and gingivitis in children in Damascus and its suburbs. For this purpose we used a random sample of 840 male and female children aged 6-t2 years. Their gums were examined. The bleedins indexes were recorded for both primaw and permanent teeth. Anthropometric measures were taken: Weight for age. Height for age and Weight for Height. We found that gingivitis increased among low weight children [44%]compared to normal children [31%]. It was more severe in low-height children in comparison to others. These findings necessitate the promotion of preventive care in order to insure gingival hygiene, particularly by following a balanced diet

scholarly journals Nutritional status and hemoglobin level in elementary schoolchildren

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Marlina Jumrakh ◽  
Iskandar Z. Lubis ◽  
Noval Azis
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
New Students ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

A study was conducted in 1999 to determine nutritional status and hemoglobin level and their correlation among students in two primary schools in at Binjai, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Nutritional status was measured based on weight for age (W/A), height for age (H/A) and weight for height (W/H) according to NCHS criteria. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin level of less than 12 g/dl as measured with cyanmethemoglobin. Ninety-six children were available for analysis. We found that based on W/A, H/A and W/H, there were 23 (23%), 16 (17%), 11 (12%) of children suffered from protein energy malnutrition (PEM), respectively. There were 48 (50%) children with anemia. Children with PEM and anemia were 13 (59%), 9 (56%) and 9 (82%) respectively. In conclusion we found that not all of new students in those primary schools were healthy. There was correlation between anemia and PEM based on W/H measurement, but not when compared to W/A and H/A criteria.

scholarly journals Association of Dental Caries and Anthropometric Measures among Primary School Children

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Wajiha Anzar ◽  
Ambrina Qureshi ◽  
Ashar Afaq ◽  
Hiba F. Kattan ◽  
Basil Almutairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
School Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Aim: This study aimed to investigate an association between dental caries status and anthropometric measures in primary school children. Methods and Materials: An analytical cross-sectional study (n = 376) was conducted among primary school children (age range = 6–9 years) registered in private schools. Non-clinical data was gathered from parents of participating children through a self-administered structured questionnaire as well as from the children through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Clinical data included the examination of dental caries using dmft/DMFT index and anthropometric measures including calculated z-scores of height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), BMI-for-age (BAZ), and physical examination. Inferential statistics included Kruskal Wallis and linear regression for univariate and multivariate analysis respectively. Results: The proportion of dental caries in primary and secondary dentition was 67.6% and 8.2% respectively. A significant association was observed between dental caries status and HAZ, WAZ, and BAZ (p < 0.001). An inverse relation was found between low, medium, and high dental caries categories and anthropometric measures. Conclusions: In the primary dentition, dental caries were significantly and inversely related to weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age. Hence, it can be concluded that among the low-income population dental caries is associated with lower anthropometric outcomes in children and therefore caries management should be considered an approach impacting overall health and quality of life.

scholarly journals Nutrition Status and the Risk of Mortality in Children 6–36 Months Old in Tanzania

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Yambi ◽  
Michael C. Latham ◽  
Jean-Pierre Habicht ◽  
Jere D. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
One Year ◽  
Increase In Risk ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Anthropometric measurements were taken on 2,452 children between 6 and 36 months of age at baseline and at two-month intervals thereafter in rural Tanzania. The children were followed for one year. All deaths occurring in this group were recorded using a village registration system introduced as part of a village nutrition status monitoring system. The relationship between the anthropometric indicators (weight for age, height for age, and weight for height, as well as weight increment) and subsequent mortality was assessed. The results indicate that over the one-year period, nutrition status was a significant predictor of mortality, with the probability of survival lower in children of low nutrition status. Low weight for age (<60% of the standard) was associated with a nine-fold increase in risk compared to weight for age above 80%; low weight for height (<80%) earned an almost fourfold increase in risk compared to weight for height>90%; and low height for age had a twofold increase in risk compared to the normal categories. An overall linear relationship was found between nutrition status and mortality, suggesting a gradual increase in mortality as nutrition status deteriorates. Incremental weight appears to be a good short-term predicator of mortality.

Assessment of Nutrition Status in Children with Leukemia: A Study from a Developing Country

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1317-1317
Author(s):  
Soma Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Tusi Dutta ◽  
Sonali Dey ◽  
Somnath Datta ◽  
Ashis Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract Background: In developing countries 40 % children suffer from mal-nutrition. It has been shown that a good nutritional status can reduce complications of treatment, strengthen the immune system and contribute to the patient’s general well being throughout treatment. A good nutritional status is therefore essential for optimal treatment of a leukemic child. The aim of our study was to see the nutritional status of leukemic children on diagnosis and effect of nutrition on outcome of therapy. Material & Methods: During period from January 2004 to December 2007 we prospectively analyzed the nutritional status of 400 paediatric patients in Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, a tertiary cancer center of Eastern India. The age of the patients were 1 to 18 years (median age 12.5 years). The parameter analyzed were weight for age, height for age, total protein, serum albumin and skin fold thickness. The weight for age, height for age and skin fold thickness were taken as normal if they were between 3rd and 97th percentile curve of the growth chart recommended by the Indian Council of Medical Research. The albumin level and the total protein was considered normal if the value is equal to or more than 3gm% and 5.8gm% respectively. Result: It was seen that total 56 patients (14% children) were low weight for age, 40 patients (10% children) were low height and 67 patients (16.75% children) had low mid arm circumference. Total 44 patients (11% children) had low serum albumin while 80 patients (20% children) had low serum protein. It was found that low weight for age, low serum albumin and low mid arm circumference were significance factors in remission induction, disease free survival and toxicity of chemotherapy (p &lt; 0.005). Conclusion: We conclude that mal-nutrition is a major finding in cancer patients with leukemia in developing country like ours. The patient with mal-nutrition had less remission in induction, disease free survival and more toxicities during therapy as compared to well-nourished children.

Practical Computing

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
William Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Sensitive Indicator ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

Anthropometric measures such as height, weight, limb circumferences, and skinfolds are very simple yet powerful tools for evaluating physical growth and nutritional status. When applied to children under the age of 5 years, these measures provide a sensitive indicator of health and well-being among anthropological populations. In particular, such basic indices as height-for-age, weight-for-age and weight-for-height can be used to identify households and subpopulations where nutritional intervention is necessary.

scholarly journals Study on impact of protein energy malnutrition on development in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2566
Author(s):  
Dhara Patel ◽  
Greeshma Issac
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Social Domain ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
The Impact

Background: Majority of the children in India who live below the poverty line in an environment of deprivation and starvation have physical and developmental retardation. The Objective of this study to study the impact and comparison of protein energy malnutrition on the development with normal children.Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study in which total 128 cases of protein energy malnutrition and 30 normal children were enrolled from nutritional rehabilitation center and in patients wards. The study population comprised of children less than 5 years of age, having weight for height/length ≤3 SD, with visible wasting, or bipedal oedema, with mid arm circumference <11.5 cm were assessed for their development in all four domains using Denver II developmental Screening Test (DDST-II).Results: The gross motor milestones are affected in 62.5% with grade4 PEM & 42.85% with grade 3, the fine motor component is affected more in grade 4 with other domains less affected, no significant relation of language delay with PEM was observed in this study, 40% of children with grade 4 PEM shows delay in social domain while 18.18% of the patients with grade 3 PEM show delay in social domain. No patients with grade 1 or grade 2 PEM showed delay in social domain. All four domains are affected in PEM with a maximum effect in gross motor, but the difference does not seem to be significant as the p value is 0.3 i.e.  >0.05 which is insignificant.Conclusions: My study on the effect of protein energy malnutrition on development proves that there in increasing delay in all the domains of development with increasing grade of malnutrition. Early detection of malnutrition in community can cause early intervention and increase the productivity of nation.

scholarly journals Determinants of mild-to-moderate malnutrition in preschoolers in an urban area of Northeastern Brazil: a hierarchical approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marlúcia Oliveira Assis ◽  
Maurício Lima Barreto ◽  
Lucivalda Pereira Magalhães de Oliveira ◽  
Valterlinda Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Matildes da Silva Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderate Malnutrition ◽  
Age Deficits ◽  
Height For Age ◽  
Weight For Age

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the determinants of mild-to-moderate malnutrition in preschoolers.DesignCross-sectional study conducted in October and November 1996, with a representative sample of 1740 children less than 5 years old from the city of Salvador, situated in the Brazilian Northeastern region. Socio-economic and dietary data were collected through a structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measures were performed in duplicate and data analysis was based upon the hierarchical model approach. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the prevalence ratio and to identify the determinants of mild-to-moderate deficits in weight-for-age and height-for-age Z-scores.ResultsFamily monthly income under US$67.00 per capita and family headed by a woman were the main basic determinants of mild-to-moderate weight-for-age and height-for-age deficits in the studied children. Household agglomeration, an underlying determinant, was associated with weight-for-age and height-for-age deficits. Among the immediate determinants, age above 6 months and dietary caloric availability in the lowest tertile (<930 kcal day−1) were also associated with weight-for-age deficits. In addition to these, hospitalisation in the 12 months preceding the interview was shown to be a predictor of mild-to-moderate weight-for-age and height-for-age deficits.ConclusionAdverse social and economic factors interact with family environmental factors to define food consumption and morbidity patterns that culminate in a high prevalence of mild-to-moderate malnutrition. The strengthening and restructuring of nutrition and healthcare actions, the definition of public policies that improve family income, and the adequate insertion of women in the labour market are possible strategies to reduce mild-to-moderate malnutrition and to sustain the decline already observed in severe malnutrition.

scholarly journals Protein–energy malnutrition in pregnant rats improves the adaptation of the endocrine pancreas in malnourished offspring and induces insulin resistance after rehabilitation

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Dollet ◽  
Bernard Beck ◽  
Jean-Pierre Max ◽  
Gérard Debry
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

1. In developing countries, malnutrition begins during pregnancy and lactation. Glucose intolerance is a problem of importance during protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). We therefore studied glucose homeostasis in rats weaned from undernourished mothers.2. On weaning, 156 mde Wistar rats, born from deprived mothers (75 g casein/kg diet), were fed ad lib on either a balanced diet (180 g casein/kg; group DR), or a protein-deficient diet (50 g casein/kg; group DD). At seven time intervals (weeks 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 16 and 23) twelve rats were weighed, fasted overnight and then decapitated. Blood glucose, plasma insulin (IRI) and glucagon (IRG) levels and pancreatic insulin and glucagon contents were determined.3. In DR and DD rats blood glucose, which was normal at weaning, dropped in the 1st week and then increased slowly. DR rats were hyperglycaemic from week 16. IRI continually increased during the experiment from near-normal values to hyperinsulinic levels in DR rats; in group DD, it remained stable until week 8 before increasing. IRG, which was very low at weaning, increased to normal levels in the 1st week in group DR; in group DD, it fell slightly during the study. Pancreatic hormone contents were much higher than after normal pregnancy and lactation.4. We compared these results with those of a previous study with rats born from normal mothers: at weaning in the second experiment the rats were already well adapted to malnutrition. The plasma ratio IRI:IRG in DD rats showed two phases of adaptation: weeks 0–5 when glucose homeostasis did not change and weeks 5–23 when it became increasingly normal. At the end of the experiment DR rats still had a lower body-weight than normal rats but were insulin-resistant.

scholarly journals Studies on vitamin D metabolism in malnourished children

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Raghuramulu ◽  
Vinodini Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Massive Dose ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

1. Basal levels of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) were estimated in ten normal children and twenty-seven children with protein–energy malnutrition.2. Five normal children and fourteen malnourished children were administered a single massive dose of 15 mg vitamin D orally and the remaining children received oral supplements of 50 μg vitamin D daily for 20 d. Blood samples were obtained after 10 and 20 d of dosing and serum 25-OHD levels were repeated.3. The basal serum 25-OHD levels were significantly lower (P < 0·05) in malnourished children than in normal children.4. Administration of a single massive dose of vitamin D as well as daily supplementation of small doses resulted in significant increases in serum 25-OHD levels within 10 d. However, the increase with a massive dose was of a higher magnitude. There was no significant difference between the normal and malnourished children.5. The binding capacity of serum to 25-OHD was similar in both the groups.6. These results suggest that vitamin D metabolism is not altered in protein–energy malnutrition.

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