A METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ON THE RESTRUCTURING OF SOCIAL SCIENCES IN THE CONTEXT OF OMBUDSMAN PARADIGM, LIBERAL DEMOCRACY AND THE ANNALES SCHOOL

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (76) ◽  
pp. 40-58
Author(s):  
Bekir PARLAK
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Reza Arab

This paper intends to reread what Richard Rorty introduced as ironist in the context of one of the most contested topics in the realm of social sciences; i.e. agency and structure. Rorty maintains that ironist is the potential citizen of utopian liberal democracy. An ironist, in his words, is a person who a) has radical and continuing doubts about the final vocabulary she currently uses, b) realizes that argument phrased in her present vocabulary can neither underwrite nor dissolve possible doubts, and c) she does not think that her vocabulary is closer to reality than others. The main question of this study is where this conscious subject stands within the context of agency-structure dispute. First, relevant literature on the dichotomy is going to be examined, and then, while discussing other relevant terms in his philosophy, this paper will show how Rorty solves the agentic problem of his ironist with his introducing of the public-private distinction.


Interchange ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 183-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Shils

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubertus Buchstein

Reflecting on his academic exile in the United States, the Germanpolitical scientist Franz L. Neumann emphasized the cross-fertilizationof ideas as a result of the confrontation of different scientific andpolitical cultures.1 According to Neumann, the migration of hundredsof European academics to the United States led to a growinginternationalization of the social sciences and a two-way learningprocess. The Europeans became accustomed to the practice of theAmerican liberal democracy and learned to value its political culture;émigré scholars, on the other hand, brought with them a differentacademic Denkstil and contributed to a more critical self-understandingof American democratic theory.


2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-189
Author(s):  
Aurelijus Gieda

Santrauka. Viena kontroversiškiausių tarpukario Lietuvos asmenybių ir šiandien lieka Augustinas Voldemaras (1883–1942). Stipriai įvairuoja ne tik jo politinės, tačiau ir akademinės veiklos vertinimai. A. Voldemaras turėjo klasikinės filologijos išsilavinimą, domėjosi visuotine ir Lietuvos istorija, buvo ne­abejingas filosofiniams ir sociologiniams klausimams. Šio straipsnio tikslas – išryškinti tuos A. Voldemaro intelektualinės biografijos kontekstus, kuriuose itin stipriai persipina tam tikros tarpdisciplininės aspi­racijos. Straipsnyje žvelgiama į ankstyvą A. Voldemaro susidomėjimą istorijos teorijos ir metodologijos problematika, į A. Voldemaro intelektualinius impulsus Peterburgo ir Permės laikotarpiais (1900–1917), į akademinius mokytojus, kuriuos vienas pirmųjų lietuvių Peterburgo universiteto docentų vėliau ne kartą pagarbiai prisimindavo. III deš. A. Voldemaras įsitraukė į vienu iš naujosios istorijos (nouvelle histoire) tėvų vadinamo Henri Berro nuo 1925 m. inicijuotą Tarptautinį sintezės centrą (Centre International de Synthèse), kuris tuometinėje Europoje tapo vienu ryškiausių tarpdisciplininių studijų centrų. Nors ir nėra pakankamai duomenų, leidžiančių pagrįstai svarstyti apie šio įsitraukimo mastą, viena aišku, kad Volde­maras priklausė Tarptautinio sintezės centro Istorinės sintezės sekcijos narių grupei, taip bent formaliai įsiterpdamas tarp ryškių to meto Europos istorikų, sociologų ir filosofų. Tai įgalina ir provokuoja įsigilinti į tuos A. Voldemaro biografijos momentus, kuriuose ryškėja jo intelektualinė pozicija, laiduojanti ar numa­tanti artimesnius ryšius tarp humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslų. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: Voldemaras, intelektualinė biografija, istorijos teorija, tarpisciplinariškumas, integruotas žinojimas, Tarptautinis sintezės centras. Key words: Voldemaras, intellectual biography, theory of history, interdisciplinarity, integrated knowledge, Centre International de Synthèse. ABSTRACT AUGUSTINAS VOLDEMARAS: A SKETCH OF INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHYAND CERTAIN EXAMPLES OF INTERDISCIPLINARY ORIENTATION The article takes a look at one of the most controversial personalities of inter-war Lithuania. Augustinas Voldemaras (1883–1942) was educated in classical philology, had a keen interest in universal history and the history of Lithuania and an additional concern in philosophical and sociological issues. A consistent search for integrated and synthetic knowledge, openness to philosophical questions and his disposition to polylogi­cal cooperation of disciplines are some of the principal moments in his intellectual biography. Therefore, the present study attempts to highlight certain contexts of Voldemaras’ intellectual biography, witnessing the tightly intertwining interdisciplinarity, aspirations of some type.While a student, Voldemaras found himself in the environment where the problems of ancient history were addressed at the European level and where attempts were made to bring the research on the classical era carried out in pre-revolutionary Russia closer to Germany, being the leader in this sphere.The openness to interdisciplinary search, postulates of integrated and synthetic knowledge that mani­fested over a long-term, not to mention his philosophical quests and attempts in the field of history, brought Voldemaras closer to the prominent European philosophical movement Centre International de Synthèse founded by Henri Berr, linked by special ties with the formation of one of the most outstanding 20th century schools of history The Annales School. Voldemaras belonged to the History Section of Henri Berr’s Centre International de Synthèse, thus finding a niche among the distinguished representatives of social sciences and the humanities of that time. There is no wonder that in this respect, Voldemaras established himself in Lithuanian historiography as one of the pioneer figures attempting to overcome the disciplinary isolation of sciences, their one-sided empiricism or the lack of a broader approach towards history. The attention paid by Voldemaras to the philosophical issues of identification of history as a science, deliberate attribution of an important role to theory in social sciences and the humanities, the highlight of interdisciplinary initiatives in these sciences are what add the aspect of appeal to his intellectual biography. Voldemaras himself becomes one of the most interesting Lithuanian intellectuals of the first half of the 20th century.


2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Eckersley

The proposed new epoch of the Anthropocene, whereby humans have become the dominant geological force shaping Earth systems, has attracted considerable interest in the social sciences and humanities but only scant attention from democratic theorists. This inquiry draws out the democratic problems associated with the two opposing narratives on governing the Anthropocene – Earth systems governance and ecomodernism – and juxtaposes them with a more critical narrative that draws out the democratic potential of the Anthropocene as a new source of critique of liberal democracy and a new resource for democratic renewal. While Ulrich Beck welcomed reflexive cosmopolitan democracy (understood as a civil culture of responsibility across borders) as the appropriate response to the world risk society, this narrative develops an account of hyper-reflexive ‘geopolitan democracy’ based on a more radical extension of democratic horizons of space, time, community and agency as the appropriate response to navigating the Anthropocene.


2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carool Kersten

AbstractThis article examines Mohammed Arkoun as one of the pioneers of a new Muslim intellectualism seeking new ways of engaging with Islam by combining intimate familiarity with the Islamic civilizational heritage (turath) and solid knowledge of recent achievements by the Western academe in the humanities and social sciences. It will show how his groundbreaking and agendasetting work in Islamic studies reflects a convergence of the spatiotemporal concerns of an intellectual historian inspired by the Annales School with an epistemological critique drawing on structuralist and poststructuralist ideas. Influenced by Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutics and the deconstructionist philosophy of Jacques Derrida, Arkoun evolved from a specialist in the intellectual history of medieval Islam into a generic critic of epistemologies, advocating a concept of so-called 'emerging reason' which transcends existing forms of religious reason, Enlightenment rationalism and the tele-techno-scientific reason of the postmodern globalizing world. This article concludes that Arkoun's proposals challenge the intellectual binary of the West versus Islam and the historical dichotomy between the northern and southern Mediterranean.


1978 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Forster

In his presidential address last year Robert Gallman quoted a letter written by Lucien Febvre to Marc Bloch. Febvre and Bloch were the first editors of the journal Annales, and Febvre's exhortation on this occasion to break down the barriers among the social sciences was only one among many. Gallman's “Notes on the New Social History” would have pleased both French scholars, especially the allusion to verve and “trumpet call.” Today we are concerned with the role of economics in the galaxy of disciplines the Annales claim to unify in their “grand alliance.”


Thesis Eleven ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-120
Author(s):  
Ben Huf ◽  
Yves Rees ◽  
Michael Beggs ◽  
Nicholas Brown ◽  
Frances Flanagan ◽  
...  

Capitalism is back. Three decades ago, when all alternatives to liberal democracy and free markets appeared discredited, talk of capitalism seemed passé. Now, after a decade of political and economic turmoil, capitalism and its temporal critique of progress and decline again seems an indispensable category to understanding a world in flux. Among the social sciences, historians have led both the embrace and critique of this ‘re-emergent’ concept. This roundtable discussion between leading and emerging Australian scholars working across histories of economy, work, policy, geography and political economy, extends this agenda. Representing the outcome of a workshop convened at La Trobe University in November 2018 and responding to questions posed by conveners Huf and Rees, five participants debate the nature, utility and future of the new constellation of ‘economic’ historical scholarship. While conducted well before the outbreak of COVID-19, the ensuring discussion nevertheless speaks saliently to the crises of our times.


2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Herbert S. Klein

Looking over the course of my half century working in the fields of Latin American and US history, I find that from the beginning to the end I have been working in a relatively isolated area of our historical profession. I have been committed to history as a social science, and in that framework, using mostly comparative and quantitative analysis to study themes related to basic social and economic structures. In this I have been much influenced by the traditional vision of the Annales school of historical research. I have also been totally committed to working within the social sciences, having completed a minor doctoral field in Anthropology at the University of Chicago.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-66
Author(s):  
Sugeng Prakoso

This article examines the changes in themes and perspectives in the writing of Southeast Asian history in the period 1955 to 2010. The historiography of the 1950s tended to political history and the dominant view of the external influences of India, China, Islam, and the West on Southeast Asian history. In the 1960s the thematic focus shifted to economic and social aspects along with the emergence of the trend of social sciences approaches in historical studies which was influenced by the Annales School. In the 1980s, with the onset of the linguistic and cultural turns in the social sciences, historians in the region turned to diachronic studies of the formation of identity, mentality, representation and discourse of local knowledge. The shift in perspective also occurred with the emergence of the (Southeast) Asian-centric perspective which saw changes in Southeast Asian society as a result of the dynamic interaction between the region's internal and external forces. Since the end of the 1990s, there has been a tendency for the ‘interstices’, that is linking the history of the Southeast Asian region with its global historical context, and on the connectivity of historical disciplines with other social-humanities disciplines to build bridges of trans-disciplinary studies.Artikel ini mengkaji perubahan tema dan perspektif dalam penulisan sejarah Asia Tenggara pada periode 1955 sampai 2010. Historiografi dasawarsa 1950-an cenderung pada sejarah politik dan dominannya pandangan ihwal pengaruh eksternal India, Cina, Islam, dan Barat atas sejarah Asia Tenggara. Pada dasawarsa 1960-an fokus tematis bergeser ke aspek ekonomi dan sosial seiring dengan munculnya tren pendekatan ilmu-ilmu sosial yang dipengaruhi oleh Mazhab Annales. Pada dasawarsa 1980-an, dengan menguatnya kajian linguistik dan budaya, sejarawan di kawasan ini beralih ke studi diakronis tentang pembentukan identitas, mentalitas, representasi, dan wacana pengetahuan lokal. Pergeseran perspektif juga terjadi dengan menguatnya perspektif Asia (Tenggara)-sentris yang melihat perubahan-perubahan di dalam masyarakat Asia Tenggara sebagai hasil interaksi dinamis antara kekuatan internal dan eksternal kawasan itu. Sejak akhir dasawarsa 1990-an, muncul kecenderungan pada ‘interstisi’, yaitu menghubungkan sejarah kawasan lokal Asia Tenggara dengan konteks historis globalnya, dan pada konektivitas disiplin sejarah dengan berbagai disiplin ilmu sosial-humaniora lainnya untuk membangun jembatan kajian transdisipliner.  


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