scholarly journals Clinical Manual for Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Complications of Cancer Therapy. Parts II-V

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
I Ye Chazova ◽  
S A Tyulyandin ◽  
M V Vitsenia ◽  
M G Poltavskaya ◽  
M Yu Gilyarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Artery Disease

Advances in treatment have led to improved survival of patients with cancer but have also resulted in untoward side effects associated with treatment. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most frequent of these side effects. Myocardial dysfunction and heart failure, myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias, arterial hypertension, thromboembolic disease and other cardiovascular complications can interfere with the efficacy of treatment, decrease quality of life, or impact the actual survival of the patient with cancer. This manual discusses concepts for timely diagnosis, intervention, and surveillance of patients treated with cardiotoxic cancer therapies. In this second part оf manual we discuss the diagnostic, prevention and treatment aspects of cancer therapy-related coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, arrhythmias and pulmonary hypertension.

scholarly journals Clinical Manual for Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Complications of Cancer Therapy. Part I

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
I Ye Chazova ◽  
S A Tyulyandin ◽  
M V Vitsenia ◽  
A G Ovchinnikov ◽  
M G Poltavskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Actual Survival

Advances in treatment have led to improved survival of patients with cancer but have also resulted in untoward side effects associated with treatment. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most frequent of these side effects. Myocardial dysfunction and heart failure, myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias, arterial hypertension, thromboembolic disease and other cardiovascular complications can interfere with the efficacy of treatment, decrease quality of life, or impact the actual survival of the patient with cancer. This manual discusses concepts for timely diagnosis, intervention, and surveillance of patients treated with cardiotoxic cancer therapies. In this first part оf manual we discuss the diagnostic, prevention and treatment aspects of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction and heart failure.

scholarly journals Clinical manual for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications of cancer therapy. Parts VI-VII

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
I Ye Chazova ◽  
S A Tyulyandin ◽  
M V Vitsenia ◽  
E P Panchenko ◽  
Yu A Fedotkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Actual Survival

Advances in treatment have led to improved survival of patients with cancer but have also resulted in untoward side effects associated with treatment. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most frequent of these side effects. Myocardial dysfunction and heart failure, myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias, arterial hypertension, thromboembolic disease and other cardiovascular complications can interfere with the efficacy of treatment, decrease quality of life, or impact the actual survival of the patient with cancer. This manual discusses concepts for timely diagnosis, intervention, and surveillance of patients treated with cardiotoxic cancer therapies. In this part оf manual we discuss the diagnostic, prevention and treatment aspects of cancer therapy-related thromboembolism and complications of radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Ten Commonly Used Chinese Herbs and Their Bioactive Compounds on Cancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Binbin Yang ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Jasmine Kaur ◽  
Calvin Jessop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Conventional Chemotherapy ◽  
Effective Cancer Therapy

Effective cancer therapy is one of the biggest global challenges. Conventional cancer therapies have been at the forefront of combating cancers, but more evidence showed considerable side effects, limiting their use. There are various new therapies in development, but combined approaches for treating cancer are much expected. Natural herbs had been traditionally in use for cancer therapy in most parts of the world. In this review, we have examined ten commonly used Chinese herbs that have, for centuries, shown effectiveness in treating cancers. They demonstrated the abilities to promote the apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibit their metastasis, activate the patient’s anticancer immunity, and synergistically increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy when used in combination. Clinical experiences had proved that these herbs and their bioactive compounds were effective against a plethora of cancers through a variety of mechanisms, effectively improving patients’ quality of life without significant side effects. These advantages indicate that there are huge potentials in the development of Chinese herbs into cancer medicine as part of a promising, holistic cancer treatment modality.

scholarly journals Methods of diagnosis in cardio-oncology

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
E. V. Plokhova ◽  
A. V. Sorokin ◽  
A. V. Staferov ◽  
D. P. Dundua
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Dimensional Echocardiography ◽  
After Cancer ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Three Dimensional Echocardiography

Early diagnosis and advances in treatment have led to improved survival of patients with cancer, but have also increased morbidity and mortality due to treatment side effects. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most frequent of these side effects. As a result of the direct effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy on heart and vessels сan be: acceleration of atherosclerosis, damage of cardiomyocytes and endothelium, and arterial and venous thrombosis. The direct effect of the cancer treatment on the heart is called cardiotoxicity. Early diagnosis and identification of patients at high risk of cardiotoxicity is the first step towards successful prevention of CVD in cancer patients without compromising cancer care, which ultimately leads to a reduction in mortality. Echocardiography is the method of choice for the detection of myocardial dysfunction during and after cancer therapy. New methods of imaging like three-dimensional echocardiography, speckle-tracking echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance show a higher sensitivity in detecting of early myocardial dysfunction during cancer therapy. This review outlines the main diagnostic algorithms and approaches used in cardiooncology.

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: a systematic review of current evidence and future directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 (2) ◽  
pp. H213-H222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Chen ◽  
Pei-Tzu Wu ◽  
Holly R. Middlekauff ◽  
Kim-Lien Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cancer Therapies

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Older cancer patients often wrestle with underlying heart disease during cancer therapy, whereas childhood cancer survivors are living long enough to face long-term unintended cardiac consequences of cancer therapies, including anthracyclines. Although effective and widely used, particularly in the pediatric population, anthracycline-related side effects including dose-dependent association with cardiac dysfunction limit their usage. Currently, there is only one United States Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, dexrazoxane, available for the prevention and mitigation of cardiotoxicity related to anthracycline therapy. While aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce cardiovascular complications in multiple diseases, its role as a therapeutic approach to mitigate cardiovascular consequences of cancer therapy is in its infancy. This systematic review aims to summarize how aerobic exercise can help to alleviate unintended cardiotoxic side effects and identify gaps in need of further research. While published work supports the benefits of aerobic exercise, additional clinical investigations are warranted to determine the effects of different exercise modalities, timing, and duration to identify optimal aerobic training regimens for reducing cardiovascular complications, particularly late cardiac effects, in cancer survivors exposed to anthracyclines.

scholarly journals Current alternatives in the prevention and treatment of xerostomia in cancer therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tainara BARBIERI ◽  
Kiany Claudia da COSTA ◽  
Letícia de Freitas Cuba GUERRA
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Treatment Measures

ABSTRACT In the last decades, there has been a substantial increase in the occurrence of cancer. The most commonly used treatment for this disease involves surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These treatment modalities are associated with different kinds of side effects, acute or late. Xerostomia is one of the main oral complications that affect patients undergoing antineoplastic treatments, mainly head and neck cancer patients. It is characterized by a “dry mouth” sensation resulting from decreased salivary flow. It is persistent and affects the integrity of oral tissues, thereby significantly affecting patients’ quality of life. Many strategies have been applied and others developed to prevent and reduce xerostomia. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to review the literature about current prevention and treatment measures aimed at improving the quality of life of xerostomic patients.

Nanoparticle-based Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Epigenetics Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084-1098
Author(s):  
Fengqian Chen ◽  
Yunzhen Shi ◽  
Jinming Zhang ◽  
Qi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Epigenetic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
High Therapeutic Index

This review summarizes the epigenetic mechanisms of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modifications in cancer and the epigenetic modifications in cancer therapy. Due to their undesired side effects, the use of epigenetic drugs as chemo-drugs in cancer therapies is limited. The drug delivery system opens a door for minimizing these side effects and achieving greater therapeutic benefits. The limitations of current epigenetic therapies in clinical cancer treatment and the advantages of using drug delivery systems for epigenetic agents are also discussed. Combining drug delivery systems with epigenetic therapy is a promising approach to reaching a high therapeutic index and minimizing the side effects.

Assessment of the quality of life in the treatment approaches of patients with the comorbid course of arterial hypertension and metabolic disorders aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Zlatkina ◽  
V Shkapo ◽  
A Nesen ◽  
T Starchenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of premature death worldwide. According to epidemiological studies CVD prevention is highly effective. A 50% reduction in mortality from coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with exposure to risk factors and only 40% with improved treatment. Purpose.  To assess the quality of life (QOL) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and metabolic disorders, to establish its impact on therapy effectiveness. We examined 280 patients with AH and comorbidity - 171 women and 109 men aged 45-75 years. Along with AH, all patients had comorbidities: 72.6 % suffered from coronary artery disease (CAD), 10.5% after myocardial infarction (MI), 35 % had clinical signs of heart failure (HF), 22, 1% - type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM), 27.4% - chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods. Anthropometry, blood pressure (BP) measurement, immunoassay (C-reactive protein), biochemical blood analysis (lipid, carbohydrate metabolism parameters, QOL determination (questionnaire Sf-36). Results. In patients with comorbidity of pathologies (presence of AH, t2DM, CKD, CAD, obesity), there was a decrease in assessments in almost all indicators of QOL, and especially significant limitations in the performance of daily activities due to both physical and mental state. Conclusion. The degree of AH in patients with t2DM decreased QOL of physical activity, role-physical functioning, pain and general health, reflecting physical health, as well as mental health, including vitality, social activity, role emotional functioning. T2DM in patients with AH significantly worsens QOL of this category of patients as in physical component summary and mental component summary. The indicators of QOL are significantly affected by the duration of t2DM, as well as the degree of compensation. Achievement of the target BP levels in patients with AH with t2DM shows an improvement in a number of QOL parameters and makes it possible to recommend the Sf-36 questionnaire as a criterion for the effectiveness of the therapy.

Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction: is endothelial dysfunction at the heart of the matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (12) ◽  
pp. 1487-1503
Author(s):  
Crizza Ching ◽  
Dakota Gustafson ◽  
Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan ◽  
Jason E. Fish
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Significant improvements in cancer survival have brought to light unintended long-term adverse cardiovascular effects associated with cancer treatment. Although capable of manifesting a broad range of cardiovascular complications, cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) remains particularly common among the mainstay anthracycline-based and human epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapies. Unfortunately, the early asymptomatic stages of CTRCD are difficult to detect by cardiac imaging alone, and the initiating mechanisms remain incompletely understood. More recently, circulating inflammatory markers, cardiac biomarkers, microRNAs, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been considered as early markers of cardiovascular injury. Concomitantly, the role of the endothelium in regulating cardiac function in the context of CTRCD is starting to be understood. In this review, we highlight the impact of breast cancer therapies on the cardiovascular system with a focus on the endothelium, and examine the status of circulating biomarkers, including inflammatory markers, cardiac biomarkers, microRNAs, and endothelial cell-derived EVs. Investigation of these emerging biomarkers may uncover mechanisms of injury, detect early stages of cardiovascular damage, and elucidate novel therapeutic approaches.

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