scholarly journals A Demographic Study of the Multidimensional Poverty of Women in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Ramya S. Rachel
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
The Government ◽  
Women In India

Foremost in the Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) of the 2030 Agenda, is the goal of achieving “No Poverty”. With nearly a decade yet to go, it is imperative to know the true nature and extent of poverty so that steps can be taken to eradicate poverty in all its forms. Multidimensional Poverty is a problem that persists on a larger extent in a developing country such as India, particularly among its women. The study uses the Demographic Health Survey data – India’s National Family Health Survey (NFHS), a nationwide survey conducted with a representative sample of women aged 15 to 49 throughout the country, to shed light on the nature and extent of deprivations faced by them. The deprivations faced by the women are measured along the dimensions of education, health and standard of living as per the global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) jointly developed by UNDP (United Nations Development Program) and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI). Findings reveal that one-fifth of women in India are multidimensionally poor. Further subgroup decomposition reveals that higher levels of deprivations are found in women living alone, with higher age, having more number of children, widowed or divorced, husbands having multiple wives, those having more than one union and married before the legal age of marriage. The Government needs to focus its attention on the most deprived groups of women. Based on the nature and the extent of deprivations that they face, appropriate measures must be taken to bring them out of their destitution.

Multidimensional Poverty Indices

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Yves Duclos ◽  
Luca Tiberti
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Multiple Deprivation ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Nations Development

This chapter reviews and assesses issues involved in the measurement of multidimensional poverty, in particular the soundness of the various “axioms” and properties often imposed on poverty indices. It argues that some of these properties (such as those relating poverty and inequality) may be sound in a unidimensional setting but not so in a multidimensional one. Second, it addresses critically some of the features of recently proposed multidimensional poverty indices, in particular the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) recently put forward by the United Nations Development Program. The MPI suffers from several unattractive features that need to be better understood (given the prominence of the index). The MPI fails in particular to meet all of three properties that one would expect multidimensional poverty indices to obey: continuity, monotonicity, and sensitivity to multiple deprivation. Robustness techniques to address some of the shortcomings of the use of such indices are briefly advocated.

Measurement and Analysis of Multidimensional Poverty Using Fuzzy Set Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 495-509
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Government

The study was carried out to measure and analyse aspect based multidimensional poverty in rural and urban Haryana using a fuzzy set approach. The necessary data for the study was obtained from the 69th round conducted in 2012 by the NSSO on drinking water, sanitation, hygiene, and housing conditions. The Totally Fuzzy and Relative Approach was used. The fuzzy multidimensional poverty index for rural, urban and overall Haryana was calculated based on drinking water, sanitation, and housing conditions. The results revealed that 33.28 percent of households in Haryana overall were multidimentionally poor, with 36.64 percent of households in rural and 30.46 percent in urban areas. The government should lay the water connections and water pipes, construction of individual household latrines, sanitary complex for women, school, and sanitation housing schemes for all BPL families under schemes initiated by the government to overcome poverty based on these aspects.

scholarly journals Individual and Contextual Factors Associated with Married Women’s HIV Status in India, National Family Health Survey- 3

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Tapati Dutta ◽  
S K Singh ◽  
Subrato K Mondal ◽  
Lopamudra Paul
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Married Women ◽  
National Family Health Survey ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
National Family ◽  
Women In India

<div><p><em>There are increasing concerns related to feminization of </em><em>human immunodeficiency virus</em><em> (HIV) in India especially its showing up among married women. Nuances of HIV related risk and vulnerability are myriad among them (married women) who are either oblivious to their partner’s risk behavior, unaware of their partners’ or own sero-status and often cannot negotiate safer sex. Dearth of evidence on HIV prevention programs indicating gendered outcomes further obscures the situation. </em><em>National Family Health Survey- 3 data of India were reviewed to identify </em><em>individual and familial correlates in their marital families, which </em><em>might be associated with the </em><em>HIV status among married women in India. </em><em>Bivariate and regression methods were used</em><em>. </em><em>Findings indicated key factors which </em><em>add to the vulnerability of married women’s risk-proneness to contract HIV. It calls </em><em>for more socio-behavioral and implem</em><em>entation research </em><em>addressing HIV transmission and prevention among married women in India, where typically the thrust has been mostly on HIV high risk populations like female sex workers, injecting drug users and men who have sex with men. </em></p></div>

scholarly journals Hygienic Sanitary Items Usage and Ovulatory Cycle Knowledge in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Babbar ◽  
Deepika Saluja
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Health ◽  
Community Based Programs ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Women In India

Abstract Background In India, most of the adolescent girls experience their first menstrual cycle with the lack of knowledge on menstruation, exacerbated by a plethora of taboos. Women undergoing menstruation experience discrimination, abuse, and neglect resulting from the myths and misconceptions built around menstruation. Such practices of discrimination and perpetuating myths might potentially lead to girls missing their schools and sometimes even dropping out after they start menstruating. NFHS-4 data shows that 26.8 percent of women in India are married before 18 years and 7.8 percent of the women in 15-19 years age group have already become a mother or are pregnant. One-third of the new births in India are born out of adolescent pregnancies. Considering these issues, this study examines how various socio-economic factors impact: (i) the usage of hygienic sanitary items by menstruating women during their periods, and (ii) their knowledge about the ovulatory cycle.Methods We have used the most recent Demographic and Health Survey, popularly known as the National Family Health Survey Round 4 (NFHS-4), conducted in 2015-16 for this study, with a sample of 2,47,833 women in the age group of 15 to 24 years. Binary logistics regression was performed separately for addressing both the research questions, i.e., the impact of various socio-economic characteristics on the usage of hygienic sanitary items and women’s knowledge of the ovulatory cycle.Results We found that (a) women or their partners who are educated up to high school are more likely to use the hygienic sanitary items, and (b) married women or women who have access to television are more likely to know about the ovulatory cycles.Conclusion These findings tell us the ground reality of menstrual health in India and urge policymakers to develop comprehensive puberty education programs for boys and girls and community-based programs to start a discussion between the community, adults, and other menstruators freely.

scholarly journals A clustering approach to identify multidimensional poverty indicators for the bottom 40 percent group

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255312
Author(s):  
Mariah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Nor Samsiah Sani ◽  
Rusnita Hamdan ◽  
Zulaiha Ali Othman ◽  
Azuraliza Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Attribute Selection ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Poverty Index ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Clustering Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an income-based poverty index which measures multiple deprivations alongside other relevant factors to determine and classify poverty. The implementation of a reliable MPI is one of the significant efforts by the Malaysian government to improve measures in alleviating poverty, in line with the recent policy for Bottom 40 Percent (B40) group. However, using this measurement, only 0.86% of Malaysians are regarded as multidimensionally poor, and this measurement was claimed to be irrelevant for Malaysia as a country that has rapid economic development. Therefore, this study proposes a B40 clustering-based K-Means with cosine similarity architecture to identify the right indicators and dimensions that will provide data driven MPI measurement. In order to evaluate the approach, this study conducted extensive experiments on the Malaysian Census dataset. A series of data preprocessing steps were implemented, including data integration, attribute generation, data filtering, data cleaning, data transformation and attribute selection. The clustering model produced eight clusters of B40 group. The study included a comprehensive clustering analysis to meaningfully understand each of the clusters. The analysis discovered seven indicators of multidimensional poverty from three dimensions encompassing education, living standard and employment. Out of the seven indicators, this study proposed six indicators to be added to the current MPI to establish a more meaningful scenario of the current poverty trend in Malaysia. The outcomes from this study may help the government in properly identifying the B40 group who suffers from financial burden, which could have been currently misclassified.

scholarly journals Dynamic reflections of multidimensional health poverty in Pakistan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258947
Author(s):  
Kiran Mustafa ◽  
Misbah Nosheen ◽  
Atta Ullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Quality Of Health Services ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Multidimensional Health ◽  
Multiple Health

The recent methodological development has entirely shifted the identification of poor in the multidimensional spectrum; thereby addressing the multiple health spheres. The present research primarily examines the dynamics of multidimensional health poverty on the basis of HIES & PSLM nationwide survey data from 2013–14 to 2018–19. The study employed Alkire & Foster Alkire, S (2007) Multidimensional Poverty Index to estimate the seven distinct dimensions of health aspects to identify the poor. The results of health poverty demonstrate a declining trend over time at national, provincial and regional level in Pakistan. Interestingly, the regional statistics indicated the poverty as a rural phenomenon of Pakistan. Comparative measures of provinces reveal that Baluchistan has been a severe victim of health poverty at overall as well as regional level during the study period. The population decomposition elaborates that individuals residing in two most populated provinces Punjab & Sindh, were the major contributor to overall profile of health poverty. Findings of dimensional decomposition exposes that five key dimensions i.e. use of health services, quality of health services, maternal health, child health and malnutrition have contributed to the overall profile of multidimensional health poverty.

Korea: A Case Study in Promoting Development Through Fishermen’s Training

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2368-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon Ho Koh
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
United Nations Development Program ◽  
Training Scheme ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The recovery of Korea as a fishing country is one of the most significant recent developments in fisheries. Disappearance of the sardines, and the impact of the second world war and Korean war, ruined the country’s fishing industry. The Government of the Republic of Korea decided in the early 1960s to develop a deep-sea fishing industry, especially for tuna. The success of this enterprise is measured by the rise in the deep-sea catch from 657 metric tons in 1962 to 82,782 metric tons in 1969.One important factor in this successful development was the training scheme set up by the Government with the aid of the United Nations Development Program and the Food and Agriculture Organization. Training was essential because the country lacked captains, mates, engineers, and other technicians to operate the additional deep-sea fishing vessels.The traditional fishery educational institutes produced large numbers of graduates, but these had little practical training. The UNDP/FAO scheme, however, concentrated on practical training. The trainees were carefully selected to ensure their suitability and determination to take up fishing as a career. The thoroughness and effectiveness of the training is evidenced by the fact that all the 761 officers trained to date are employed on fishing boats.In view of the success of the deep-sea training scheme a similar project was established for training men in the coastal fisheries. The UNDP and FAO also assisted in this project. It has contributed officers to both the inshore and deep-sea fleets.

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